The Korean Journal of Medicine

The Korean Association of Internal Medicine (대한내과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

What is Different about Recombinant Herpes Zoster Vaccine?

유전자 재조합 대상포진 백신 무엇이 다를까?

  • Seong Yeon Park (Department of Infectious Diseases, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University College of Medicine)
  • 박성연 (동국대학교 의과대학 동국대학교일산병원 감염내과)
  • Received : 2024.06.25
  • Accepted : 2024.07.29
  • Published : 2024.08.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Herpes zoster (HZ) affects about one in three persons in their life time. Compared with the general population, older adults with immune senescence and individuals who are immunocompromised therapy are at increased risk for HZ, and its debilitating complications. To prevent HZ, two HZ vaccines, zoster vaccine live (ZVL) and recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) are available. RZV is The Korean Society of Infectious Diseases revised guidelines for HZ vaccine in 2023, and recommended to vaccinate with RZV for adults ≥ aged 50 years and for severely immunocompromised adults aged ≥ 18 years. RZV is more effective for prevention of HZ than ZVL. RZV is nonreplicating and is thus safe in immunocompromised patients. RZV has clinically acceptable safety profile. This review will help clinicians update knowledge about RZV and identify eligible subjects who may benefit from HZ vaccinations.

Keywords

References

  1. Chen SY, Suaya JA, Li Q, et al. Incidence of herpes zoster in patients with altered immune function. Infection 2014;42:325-334. https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-013-0550-8
  2. Kawai K, Yawn BP, Wollan P, Harpaz R. Increasing incidence of herpes zoster over a 60-year period from a population-based study. Clin Infect Dis 2016;63:221-226. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciw296
  3. Kawai K, Gebremeskel BG, Acosta CJ. Systematic review of incidence and complications of herpes zoster: towards a global perspective. BMJ Open 2014;4:e004833.
  4. Hope-Simpson RE. The nature of herpes zoster: a long-term study and a new hypothesis. Proc R Soc Med 1965;58:9-20. https://doi.org/10.1177/003591576505800106
  5. Sahoo F, Hill JA, Xie H, et al. Herpes zoster in autologous hematopoietic cell transplant recipients in the era of acyclovir or valacyclovir prophylaxis and novel treatment and maintenance therapies. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2017;23:505-511. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbmt.2016.12.620
  6. Sullivan KM, Goldmuntz EA, Keyes-Elstein L, et al. Myeloablative autologous stem-cell transplantation for severe scleroderma. N Engl J Med 2018;378:35-47. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1703327
  7. Munoz-Quiles C, Lopez-Lacort M, Diez-Domingo J, Orrico-Sanchez A. Herpes zoster risk and burden of disease in immunocompromised populations: a population-based study using health system integrated databases, 2009-2014. BMC Infect Dis 2020;20:905.
  8. Johnson BH, Palmer L, Gatwood J, Lenhart G, Kawai K, Acosta CJ. Annual incidence rates of herpes zoster among an immunocompetent population in the United States. BMC Infect Dis 2015;15:502.
  9. Choi JK, Park SH, Park S, et al. The changing epidemiology of herpes zoster over a decade in South Korea, 2006-2015. Vaccine 2019;37:5153-5160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.07.086
  10. Jumaan AO, Yu O, Jackson LA, Bohlke K, Galil K, Seward JF. Incidence of herpes zoster, before and after varicella-vaccination-associated decreases in the incidence of varicella, 1992-2002. J Infect Dis 2005;191:2002-2007. https://doi.org/10.1086/430325
  11. Thompson RR, Kong CL, Porco TC, Kim E, Ebert CD, Acharya NR. Herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia: changing incidence rates from 1994 to 2018 in the United States. Clin Infect Dis 2021;73:e3210-e3217. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa1185
  12. Drolet M, Brisson M, Schmader KE, et al. The impact of herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia on health-related quality of life: a prospective study. CMAJ 2010;182:1731-1736. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.091711
  13. Hope-Simpson RE. Postherpetic neuralgia. J R Coll Gen Pract 1975;25:571-575.
  14. Kost RG, Straus SE. Postherpetic neuralgia--pathogenesis, treatment, and prevention. N Engl J Med 1996;335:32-42. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199607043350107
  15. Johnson RW, Levin MJ. Herpes zoster and its prevention by vaccination. Interdiscip Top Gerontol Geriatr 2020;43:131-145. https://doi.org/10.1159/000504484
  16. McKay SL, Guo A, Pergam SA, Dooling K. Herpes zoster risk in immunocompromised adults in the United States: a systematic review. Clin Infect Dis 2020;71:e125-e134. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciz1090
  17. Choi WS, Song JY, Kwon KT, et al. Recommendations for adult immunization by the Korean Society of Infectious Diseases, 2023: minor revisions to the 3rd edition. Infect Chemother 2024;56:188-203. https://doi.org/10.3947/ic.2023.0072
  18. Choi WS, Choi JH, Kwon KT, et al. Revised adult immunization guideline recommended by the Korean Society of Infectious Diseases, 2014. Infect Chemother 2015;47:68-79. https://doi.org/10.3947/ic.2015.47.1.68
  19. Arvin A. Aging, immunity, and the varicella-zoster virus. N Engl J Med 2005;352:2266-2267. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp058091
  20. Takahashi M, Otsuka T, Okuno Y, Asano Y, Yazaki T. Live vaccine used to prevent the spread of varicella in children in hospital. Lancet 1974;2:1288-1290. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(74)90144-5
  21. Takahashi M, Asano Y, Kamiya H, et al. Development of varicella vaccine. J Infect Dis 2008;197 Suppl 2:S41-S44. https://doi.org/10.1086/522132
  22. Gershon AA, Gershon MD, Shapiro ED. Live attenuated varicella vaccine: prevention of varicella and of zoster. J Infect Dis 2021;224 Suppl 2:S387-S397. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaa573
  23. Shapiro ED, Vazquez M, Esposito D, et al. Effectiveness of 2 doses of varicella vaccine in children. J Infect Dis 2011;203:312-315. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiq052
  24. Oxman MN, Levin MJ, Johnson GR, et al. A vaccine to prevent herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia in older adults. N Engl J Med 2005;352:2271-2284. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa051016
  25. Harpaz R, Ortega-Sanchez IR, Seward JF; Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Prevention of herpes zoster: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR Recomm Rep 2008;57:1-30; quiz CE2-CE4.
  26. Schmader KE, Levin MJ, Gnann JW Jr, et al. Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of herpes zoster vaccine in persons aged 50-59 years. Clin Infect Dis 2012;54:922-928. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cir970
  27. Freedman MS, Ault K, Bernstein H. Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommended immunization schedule for adults aged 19 years or older - United States, 2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2021;70:193-196. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7006a2
  28. Schmader KE, Oxman MN, Levin MJ, et al. Persistence of the efficacy of zoster vaccine in the shingles prevention study and the short-term persistence substudy. Clin Infect Dis 2012;55:1320-1328. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cis638
  29. Morrison VA, Johnson GR, Schmader KE, et al. Long-term persistence of zoster vaccine efficacy. Clin Infect Dis 2015;60:900-909. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciu918
  30. Arvin AM, Oliver S, Reichelt M, et al. Analysis of the functions of glycoproteins E and I and their promoters during VZV replication in vitro and in skin and T-cell xenografts in the SCID mouse model of VZV pathogenesis. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2010;342:129-146. https://doi.org/10.1007/82_2009_1
  31. Leroux-Roels I, Leroux-Roels G, Clement F, et al. A phase 1/2 clinical trial evaluating safety and immunogenicity of a varicella zoster glycoprotein e subunit vaccine candidate in young and older adults. J Infect Dis 2012;206:1280-1290. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jis497
  32. Didierlaurent AM, Collignon C, Bourguignon P, et al. Enhancement of adaptive immunity by the human vaccine adjuvant AS01 depends on activated dendritic cells. J Immunol 2014;193:1920-1930. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1400948
  33. Vandepapeliere P, Horsmans Y, Moris P, et al. Vaccine adjuvant systems containing monophosphoryl lipid A and QS21 induce strong and persistent humoral and T cell responses against hepatitis B surface antigen in healthy adult volunteers. Vaccine 2008;26:1375-1386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.12.038
  34. Lal H, Cunningham AL, Godeaux O, et al. Efficacy of an adjuvanted herpes zoster subunit vaccine in older adults. N Engl J Med 2015;372:2087-2096. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1501184
  35. Cunningham AL, Lal H, Kovac M, et al. Efficacy of the herpes zoster subunit vaccine in adults 70 years of age or older. N Engl J Med 2016;375:1019-1032. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1603800
  36. Grupping K, Campora L, Douha M, et al. Immunogenicity and safety of the HZ/su adjuvanted herpes zoster subunit vaccine in adults previously vaccinated with a live attenuated herpes zoster vaccine. J Infect Dis 2017;216:1343-1351. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jix482
  37. Oostvogels L, Heineman TC, Johnson RW, et al. Medical conditions at enrollment do not impact efficacy and safety of the adjuvanted recombinant zoster vaccine: a pooled post-hoc analysis of two parallel randomized trials. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2019;15:2865-2872. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2019.1627818
  38. Dooling KL, Guo A, Patel M, et al. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices for use of herpes zoster vaccines. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2018;67:103-108. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6703a5
  39. Boutry C, Hastie A, Diez-Domingo J, et al. The adjuvanted recombinant zoster vaccine confers long-term protection against herpes zoster: interim results of an extension study of the pivotal phase 3 clinical trials ZOE-50 and ZOE-70. Clin Infect Dis 2022;74:1459-1467. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab629
  40. Strezova A, Diez-Domingo J, Al Shawafi K, et al. Long-term protection against herpes zoster by the adjuvanted recombinant zoster vaccine: interim efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety results up to 10 years after initial vaccination. Open Forum Infect Dis 2022;9:ofac485.
  41. Levin MJ, Bresnitz E, Popmihajlov Z, et al. Studies with herpes zoster vaccines in immune compromised patients. Expert Rev Vaccines 2017;16:1217-1230. https://doi.org/10.1080/14760584.2017.1395703
  42. Bastidas A, de la Serna J, El Idrissi M, et al. Effect of recombinant zoster vaccine on incidence of herpes zoster after autologous stem cell transplantation: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2019;322:123-133. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2019.9053
  43. Dagnew AF, Ilhan O, Lee WS, et al. Immunogenicity and safety of the adjuvanted recombinant zoster vaccine in adults with haematological malignancies: a phase 3, randomised, clinical trial and post-hoc efficacy analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 2019;19:988-1000. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(19)30163-X
  44. Israeli E, Agmon-Levin N, Blank M, Shoenfeld Y. Adjuvants and autoimmunity. Lupus 2009;18:1217-1225. https://doi.org/10.1177/0961203309345724
  45. Dagnew AF, Rausch D, Herve C, et al. Efficacy and serious adverse events profile of the adjuvanted recombinant zoster vaccine in adults with pre-existing potential immune-mediated diseases: a pooled post hoc analysis on two parallel randomized trials. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021;60:1226-1233. https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keaa424
  46. Stevens E, Weinblatt ME, Massarotti E, Griffin F, Emani S, Desai S. Safety of the zoster vaccine recombinant adjuvanted in rheumatoid arthritis and other systemic rheumatic disease patients: a single center's experience with 400 patients. ACR Open Rheumatol 2020;2:357-361. https://doi.org/10.1002/acr2.11150
  47. Lenfant T, Jin Y, Kirchner E, Hajj-Ali RA, Calabrese LH, Calabrese C. Safety of recombinant zoster vaccine: a retrospective study of 622 rheumatology patients. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021;60:5149-5157. https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keab139
  48. Vink P, Shiramoto M, Ogawa M, et al. Safety and immunogenicity of a herpes zoster subunit vaccine in Japanese population aged ≥50 years when administered subcutaneously vs. intramuscularly. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2017;13:574-578. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2016.1232787
  49. Cunningham AL, Heineman TC, Lal H, et al. Immune responses to a recombinant glycoprotein E herpes zoster vaccine in adults aged 50 years or older. J Infect Dis 2018;217:1750-1760. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiy095
  50. Lal H, Poder A, Campora L, et al. Immunogenicity, reactogenicity and safety of 2 doses of an adjuvanted herpes zoster subunit vaccine administered 2, 6 or 12 months apart in older adults: results of a phase III, randomized, open-label, multicenter study. Vaccine 2018;36:148-154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.11.019
  51. Hastie A, Catteau G, Enemuo A, et al. Immunogenicity of the adjuvanted recombinant zoster vaccine: persistence and anamnestic response to additional doses administered 10 years after primary vaccination. J Infect Dis 2021;224:2025-2034. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaa300
  52. Weinberg A, Kroehl ME, Johnson MJ, et al. Comparative immune responses to licensed herpes zoster vaccines. J Infect Dis 2018;218 Suppl 2:S81-S87. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiy383
  53. Marechal C, Lal H, Poder A, et al. Immunogenicity and safety of the adjuvanted recombinant zoster vaccine co-administered with the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in adults ≥50 years of age: a randomized trial. Vaccine 2018;36:4278-4286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.05.110
  54. Strezova A, Lal H, Enweonye I, et al. The adjuvanted recombinant zoster vaccine co-administered with a tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis vaccine in adults aged ≥50 years: a randomized trial. Vaccine 2019;37:5877-5885. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.08.001
  55. MacIntyre CR, Egerton T, McCaughey M, et al. Concomitant administration of zoster and pneumococcal vaccines in adults ≥60 years old. Hum Vaccin 2010;6:894-902. https://doi.org/10.4161/hv.6.11.12852
  56. Levin MJ, Buchwald UK, Gardner J, et al. Immunogenicity and safety of zoster vaccine live administered with quadrivalent influenza virus vaccine. Vaccine 2018;36:179-185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.08.029
  57. Lopez-Fauqued M, Campora L, Delannois F, et al. Safety profile of the adjuvanted recombinant zoster vaccine: pooled analysis of two large randomised phase 3 trials. Vaccine 2019;37:2482-2493. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.03.043
  58. Callegaro A, Burny W, Herve C, et al. Association between immunogenicity and reactogenicity: a post hoc analysis of 2 phase 3 studies with the adjuvanted recombinant zoster vaccine. J Infect Dis 2022;226:1943-1948. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiab536
  59. Colindres R, Wascotte V, Brecx A, et al. Post hoc analysis of reactogenicity trends between dose 1 and dose 2 of the adjuvanted recombinant zoster vaccine in two parallel randomized trials. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2020;16:2628-2633. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2020.1741312
  60. Choi WS, Lee MS. Zoster vaccine [Internet]. Seoul (KR): Korean Society of Infectious Diseases, c2023 [cited 2024 Jul 5]. Available from: https://www.ksid.or.kr/introduce/file/vaccine_rule_03.pdf.
  61. Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA). Standards and methods for the implementation of vaccinations [Internet]. Cheongju (KR): KDCA, c2023 [cited 2024 Jul 5]. Available from: https://www.kdca.go.kr/board/board.es?mid=a20507020000&bid=0019&act=view&list_no=722841&tag=&nPage=2.
  62. Yawn BP, Wollan PC, Kurland MJ, St Sauver JL, Saddier P. Herpes zoster recurrences more frequent than previously reported. Mayo Clin Proc 2011;86:88-93. https://doi.org/10.4065/mcp.2010.0618
  63. Tseng HF, Bruxvoort K, Ackerson B, et al. The epidemiology of herpes zoster in immunocompetent, unvaccinated adults ≥50 years old: incidence, complications, hospitalization, mortality, and recurrence. J Infect Dis 2020;222:798-806. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiz652
  64. Tseng HF, Chi M, Smith N, Marcy SM, Sy LS, Jacobsen SJ. Herpes zoster vaccine and the incidence of recurrent herpes zoster in an immunocompetent elderly population. J Infect Dis 2012;206:190-196. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jis334
  65. Mills R, Tyring SK, Levin MJ, et al. Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of zoster vaccine in subjects with a history of herpes zoster. Vaccine 2010;28:4204-4209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.04.003
  66. Godeaux O, Kovac M, Shu D, et al. Immunogenicity and safety of an adjuvanted herpes zoster subunit candidate vaccine in adults ≥ 50 years of age with a prior history of herpes zoster: a phase III, non-randomized, open-label clinical trial. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2017;13:1051-1058. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2016.1265715
  67. Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA). 2018 guideline of adult vaccination [Internet]. Cheongju (KR): KDCA, c2018 [cited 2024 Jul 28]. Available from: https://www.kdca.go.kr/board/board.es?mid=a20507020000&bid=0019&act=view&list_no=142157&tag=&nPage=1.
  68. Department fo Health and Aged Care. Zoster (herpes zoster) [Internet]. Canberra (AU): Australian Immunisation Handbook, c2023 [cited 2024 Jul 28]. Available from: https://immunisationhandbook.health.gov.au/contents/vaccine-preventable-diseases/zoster-herpes-zoster.
  69. Public Health Agency of Canada. Herpes zoster (shingles) vaccine: Canadian immunization guide [Internet]. Ottawa (CA): Public Health Agency of Canada, c2024 [cited 2024 Jul 28]. Available from: https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/publications/healthy-living/canadian-immunization-guide-part-4-active-vaccines/page-8-herpes-zoster-(shingles)-vaccine.html.