Acknowledgement
We thank Sin-Hye Oh and Seung Hee Kwon for their technical assistance. This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No. 2019R1A5A2027521); the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (No. NRF-2020R1I1A1A01061824); the Korean Fund for Regenerative Medicine (KFRM) grant (Ministry of Science and ICT, Ministry of Health & Welfare, 22A0104L1); and by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (MSIT) (NRF-2021R1C1C2009626).
References
- Liang B, Burley G, Lin S and Shi YC (2022) Osteoporosis pathogenesis and treatment: existing and emerging avenues. Cell Mol Biol Lett 27, 72
- Elson A, Anuj A, Barnea-Zohar M and Reuven N (2022) The origins and formation of bone-resorbing osteoclasts. Bone 164, 116538
- Kim JH and Kim N (2014) Regulation of NFATc1 in osteoclast differentiation. J Bone Metab 21, 233-241 https://doi.org/10.11005/jbm.2014.21.4.233
- Park JH, Lee NK and Lee SY (2017) Current understanding of RANK signaling in osteoclast differentiation and maturation. Mol Cells 40, 706-713 https://doi.org/10.14348/molcells.2017.0225
- An J, Hao D, Zhang Q et al (2016) Natural products for treatment of bone erosive diseases: the effects and mechanisms on inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. Int Immunopharmacol 36, 118-131 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2016.04.024
- Chen X, Zhi X, Pan P et al (2017) Matrine prevents bone loss in ovariectomized mice by inhibiting RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. FASEB J 31, 4855-4865 https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.201700316R
- Kang JH, Lim H, Jeong JE and Yim M (2016) Attenuation of RANKL-induced osteoclast formation via p38-mediated NFATc1 signaling pathways by extract of Euphorbia Lathyris L. J Bone Metab 23, 207-214 https://doi.org/10.11005/jbm.2016.23.4.207
- Raggatt LJ and Partridge NC (2010) Cellular and molecular mechanisms of bone remodeling. J Biol Chem 285, 25103-25108 https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.R109.041087
- Akune T, Ohba S, Kamekura S et al (2004) PPARgamma insufficiency enhances osteogenesis through osteoblast formation from bone marrow progenitors. J Clin Invest 113, 846-855 https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI200419900
- Han Y, Kim CY, Cheong H and Lee KY (2016) Osterix represses adipogenesis by negatively regulating PPARγ transcriptional activity. Sci Rep 6, 35655
- Tosa I, Yamada D, Yasumatsu M et al (2019) Postnatal Runx2 deletion leads to low bone mass and adipocyte accumulation in mice bone tissues. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 516, 1229-1233 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.07.014
- Chandra A, Lagnado AB, Farr JN et al (2022) Bone marrow adiposity in models of radiation- and aging-related bone loss is dependent on cellular senescence. J Bone Miner Res 37, 997-1011 https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.4537
- Li J, Chen X, Lu L and Yu X (2020) The relationship between bone marrow adipose tissue and bone metabolism in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 52, 88-98 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.02.003
- Bairwa K, Singh IN, Roy SK, Grover J, Srivastava A and Jachak SM (2013) Rotenoids from Boerhaavia diffusa as potential anti-inflammatory agents. J Nat Prod 76, 1393-1398 https://doi.org/10.1021/np300899w
- Mishra S, Aeri V, Gaur PK and Jachak SM (2014) Phytochemical, therapeutic, and ethnopharmacological overview for a traditionally important herb: Boerhavia diffusa Linn. Biomed Res Int 2014, 808302
- Biradar SP, Tamboli AS, Khandare RV and Pawar PK (2019) Chebulinic acid and Boeravinone B act as anti-aging and anti-apoptosis phyto-molecules during oxidative stress. Mitochondrion 46, 236-246 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mito.2018.07.003
- Huang Y, Sun Y, Wang WW and Zhang L (2018) Boeravinone B a natural rotenoid exerts anticancer activity via inducing internalization and degradation of inactivated EGFR and ErbB2 in human colon cancer cells. Am J Transl Res 10, 4183-4192
- Singh S, Kalia NP, Joshi P et al (2017) Boeravinone B, a novel dual inhibitor of NorA bacterial efflux pump of Staphylococcus aureus and human P-glycoprotein, reduces the biofilm formation and intracellular invasion of bacteria. Front Microbiol 8, 1868
- Yuan S and Zhang T (2021) Boeravinone B protects brain against cerebral ichemia reperfusion injury in rats: possible role of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. J Oleo Sci 70, 927-936 https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.ess21037
- Armour KJ, Armour KE, van't Hof RJ et al (2001) Activation of the inducible nitric oxide synthase pathway contributes to inflammation-induced osteoporosis by suppressing bone formation and causing osteoblast apoptosis. Arthritis Rheum 44, 2790-2796 https://doi.org/10.1002/1529-0131(200112)44:12<2790::AID-ART466>3.0.CO;2-X
- Jayusman PA, Nasruddin NS, Baharin B, Ibrahim N', Ahmad Hairi H and Shuid AN (2023) Overview on postmenopausal osteoporosis and periodontitis: the therapeutic potential of phytoestrogens against alveolar bone loss. Front Pharmacol 14, 1120457
- Xu Q, Cao Z, Xu J et al (2022) Effects and mechanisms of natural plant active compounds for the treatment of osteoclast-mediated bone destructive diseases. J Drug Target 30, 394-412 https://doi.org/10.1080/1061186X.2021.2013488
- Kwak HB, Lee BK, Oh J et al (2010) Inhibition of osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption by rotenone, through down-regulation of RANKL-induced c-Fos and NFATc1 expression. Bone 46, 724-731 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2009.10.042
- Kim BG, Kwak HB, Choi EY et al (2010) Amorphigenin inhibits osteoclast differentiation by suppressing c-Fos and nuclear factor of activated T cells. Anat Cell Biol 43, 310-316 https://doi.org/10.5115/acb.2010.43.4.310
- Zhang T, Zhao K, Han W et al (2019) Deguelin inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in vitro and prevents inflammation-mediated bone loss in vivo. J Cell Physiol 234, 2719-2729 https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.27087
- Praveen Kumar PK, Priyadharshini A and Muthukumaran S (2021) A review on rotenoids: purification, characterization and its biological applications. Mini Rev Med Chem 21, 1734-1746 https://doi.org/10.2174/1389557521666210217092634
- Sugatani T and Hruska KA (2005) Akt1/Akt2 and mammalian target of rapamycin/Bim play critical roles in osteoclast differentiation and survival, respectively, whereas Akt is dispensable for cell survival in isolated osteoclast precursors. J Biol Chem 280, 3583-3589 https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M410480200
- Moon JB, Kim JH, Kim K et al (2012) Akt induces osteoclast differentiation through regulating the GSK3β/NFATc1 signaling cascade. J Immunol 188, 163-169 https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1101254
- Chen Q, Shou P, Zheng C et al (2016) Fate decision of mesenchymal stem cells: adipocytes or osteoblasts? Cell Death Differ 23, 1128-1139 https://doi.org/10.1038/cdd.2015.168
- Zang Y, Song JH, Oh SH et al (2020) Targeting NLRP3 inflammasome reduces age-related experimental alveolar bone loss. J Dent Res 99, 1287-1295 https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034520933533