Journal of Korean Dental Science

Korean Academy of Dental Science (대한치의학회)
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New Approaches to Xerostomia with Salivary Flow Rate Based on Machine Learning Algorithm

  • Yeon-Hee Lee (Department of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine, Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital) ;
  • Q-Schick Auh (Department of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine, Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital) ;
  • Hee-Kyung Park (Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Diagnosis, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry)
  • Received : 2023.03.21
  • Accepted : 2023.04.26
  • Published : 2023.06.30
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Abstract

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the objective cutoff values of unstimulated flow rates (UFR) and stimulated salivary flow rates (SFR) in patients with xerostomia and to present an optimal machine learning model with a classification and regression tree (CART) for all ages. Materials and Methods: A total of 829 patients with oral diseases were enrolled (591 females; mean age, 59.29±16.40 years; 8~95 years old), 199 patients with xerostomia and 630 patients without xerostomia. Salivary and clinical characteristics were collected and analyzed. Result: Patients with xerostomia had significantly lower levels of UFR (0.29±0.22 vs. 0.41±0.24 ml/min) and SFR (1.12±0.55 vs. 1.39±0.94 ml/min) (P<0.001), respectively, compared to those with non-xerostomia. The presence of xerostomia had a significantly negative correlation with UFR (r=-0.603, P=0.002) and SFR (r=-0.301, P=0.017). In the diagnosis of xerostomia based on the CART algorithm, the presence of stomatitis, candidiasis, halitosis, psychiatric disorder, and hyperlipidemia were significant predictors for xerostomia, and the cutoff ranges for xerostomia for UFR and SFR were 0.03~0.18 ml/min and 0.85~1.6 ml/min, respectively. Conclusion: Xerostomia was correlated with decreases in UFR and SFR, and their cutoff values varied depending on the patient's underlying oral and systemic conditions.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea Grant (NRF/2020R1F1A1070072), obtained by Y.-H.L. and the Korean government. It was also supported by the Korea Medical Device Development Fund grant funded by the Korean government (the Ministry of Science and ICT, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea, the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) (Project Number: KMDF_PR_20200901_0023, 9991006696).

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