Journal of architectural history (건축역사연구)

Korean Association of Architectural History (한국건축역사학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Park Kilyong's Functionalist Theory of Architecture in the Mid-1930s and Critique of Gyeongseong (Seoul) Buildings

1930년대 중반 박길룡의 기능주의 건축론과 경성건축 비평

  • Received : 2023.10.28
  • Accepted : 2023.12.31
  • Published : 2023.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This research aims to investigate Park Kilyong's architectural theory and critique of Gyeongseong (Seoul) buildings, expressed in his 'Overview of Modern Buildings in Gyeongseong' and 'Critique of Gyeongseong Buildings' (Samcheolli, Sept. and Oct. 1935); and 'Architectural Form of the 100% Function' and 'The Modern and Architecture (1)-(4)' (Dong-A Daily, 28 Jul. to 1 Aug. 1936). As a result, it is confirmed that Park had the functionalist theory of modern architecture, which suggests that Korean architects of the Japanese colonial period were accommodating the contemporary trend of world architecture. However, Park shows his fundamental limitations in the fact that the main content of his articles was a verbatim translation of two Japanese references (Kurata, 1927; Ishihara, 1929) without proper indications. Despite the limitations, his texts are still meaningful since he formed his own architectural theory on the basis of what he translated; and indeed his critique of Gyeongseong buildings, however simple, was based on the theory. This research makes a critical analysis of Park's functionalist theory from both the 1930s' and present points of view and compares his commentaries on Gyeongseong architecture with those by Ko Yu-seop (1932) and Hong Yunsick (1937), illustrating how Korea perceived architecture and modernism in 1930s.

Keywords

References

  1. 蔡子雲(高裕燮), 「新興藝術, 特히 尖端을 가는 建築에 對하야 (1)-(4)」, 「東亞日報」, 1931.1.24-28.
  2. 高裕燮, 「露西亞의 建築」, 「新興」 7號, 1932.12, 57쪽.
  3. 朴東鎭, 「우리 住宅에 對하야 (1)-(16)」, 「東亞日報」, 1931.3.14-4.5.
  4. 朴吉龍, 「大京城의 近代建築物 展望」, 「三千里」 7卷 8號, 1935.9, 129-133쪽.
  5. 朴吉龍, 「大京城 삘딩 建築評」, 「三千里」 7卷 9號, 1935.10, 178-182쪽.
  6. 朴吉龍, 「機能 100%의 建築形態」, 「東亞日報」, 1936.7.28.
  7. 朴吉龍, 「現代와 建築 (1)-(4)」, 「東亞日報」, 1936.7.29-8.1.
  8. 洪胤植, 「近代建築藝術思想의 動向」, 「朝光」 3卷 9號, 1937.9, 340-357쪽.
  9. 전병옥 외, 「한국 근대초기 콘크리트 중층바닥의 출현시기와 구조방식에 관한 연구」, 「대한건축학회논문집 계획 계」 22권 3호, 2006.3.
  10. 이순우, 「광화문 육조앞길」, 서울, 하늘재, 2012.
  11. 이경아, 「경성의 주택지」, 서울, 집, 2019.
  12. 서울역사박물관, 「화신백화점: 사라진 종로의 랜드마크」, 서울, 서울역사박물관, 2021.
  13. 김현섭, 「1930년대 초 고유섭의 '현대 신흥건축' 인식」, 「건축역사연구」 31권 6호, 2022.12.
  14. 김현섭, 「보화각의 건축가가 박길룡이 아니라면?」, 「SPACE」 662호, 2023.1.
  15. 김현섭.김제연, 「1930년대 박동진과 홍윤식의 서양 근대건축운동 인식」, 「건축역사연구」 32권 1호, 2023.2.
  16. 濱岡周忠(藏田周忠) 編, 「近代建築思潮」, 東京, 洪洋社, 1924.
  17. 藏田周忠, 「建築論」, 「アルス建築大講座 第7巻」, 東京, アルス, 1927.
  18. 藏田周忠, 「現代建築」, 「実用建築講座 第1巻」, 東京, 東學社, 1935.
  19. 石本喜久治.岡田孝男, 「最近建築樣式論」, 「アルス建築 大講座 第1巻」, 東京, アルス, 1926.
  20. 石原憲治, 「都市建築造形理論への考察」, 東京, 洪洋社, 1929.
  21. 板垣鷹穂, 「新しき藝術の獲得」, 東京, 天人社, 1930.
  22. Adolf Behne, 野村孝文 譯, 「來るべき建築(一)」, 朝鮮と建築 8輯 6號, 1929.6 (Der moderne Zweckbau 3장 초입부 번역본).
  23. アドルフ.ベ-ネ, 仲田定之助.川喜田煉七郞 譯, 「現代の目的建築」, 「建築新潮」, 1930.2-4 (Der modern Zweckbau 전체 번역본).
  24. 朝鮮建築會, 「朝鮮総督府遊信局分館新築概要」, 「朝鮮と建築」 13輯 6號, 1934.6.
  25. 朝鮮建築會, 「京城中央電話局新築其他工事設計槪要」, 「朝鮮と建築」 14輯 8號, 1935.8.
  26. 藤森照信, 「日本の近代建築(下)」, 東京, 岩波書店, 1993.
  27. 石田頼房.昌子住江, 「'石原憲治論'稿: 建築家.都市計画家, 基督者石原憲治について」, 「総合都市研究」 55号, 1995.
  28. 矢木敦.大川三雄, 「蔵田周忠の海外渡航(1930~31)と執筆活動について: 「国際建築誌」への連載を中心とする考察」, 「日本建築学会学術講演梗概集」, 1998.9.
  29. 矢木敦.大川三雄, 「蔵田周忠の論考にみる '近代建築'観の推移について」, 「日本建築学会学術講演梗概集」, 1999.9.
  30. 亀野晶子, 「蔵田周忠の建築思想の独自性」, 「デザイン理論」 58号, 2011.
  31. John Ruskin, The Seven Lamps of Architecture. New York, Dover, 1989 (1st ed., London, 1849).
  32. Otto Wagner, Moderne Architektur, Wien, Verlag von Anton Schroll & Co., 1896.
  33. Otto Wagner, Die Baukunst unserer Zeit, Wien, Verlag von Anton Schroll & Co., 1914.
  34. Adolf Behne, Der moderne Zweckbau, Munchen, Drei Masken Verlag, 1926 (Reprint: Berlin, Gebr. Mann Verlag, Berlin, 1998).
  35. Rosemarie Haag Bletter, 'Introduction', in: Adolf Behne, The Modern Functional Building, Santa Monica CA, Getty Research Institute for the History of Art and the Humanities, 1996, pp. 1-83.
  36. Frank Lloyd Wright, An Organic Architecture, London, Lund Humphries, 1939.
  37. Reyner Banham, Theory and Design in the First Machine Age, London, Architectural Press, 1960.
  38. Peter Eisenman, 'Post-functionalism', Oppositions 6, Fall 1976, republished in: K. Michael Hays, Architectural Theory since 1968, Cambridge MA, MIT Press, 2000, pp. 236-239.
  39. Robert Venturi, Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture, 2nd ed., New York, Museum of Modern Art, 1977.
  40. Stanford Anderson, 'The Fiction of Function', Assemblage 2, February 1987, pp. 19-31. https://doi.org/10.2307/3171086
  41. Tim Benton, 'The Myth of Function', in: Paul Greenhalgh (ed), Modernism in Design, London, Reaktion Books, 1990, pp. 41-52.
  42. Kate Nesbitt (ed), Theorizing a New Agenda for Architecture: An Anthology of Architectural Theory 1965-1995, New York, Princeton Architectural Press, 1996.
  43. Adrian Forty, Words and Buildings: A Vocabulary of Modern Architecture, London, Thames & Hudson, 2000.
  44. Ken Tadashi Oshima, International Architecture in Interwar Japan, Seattle, University of Washington Press, 2009.