Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association (한국가정과교육학회지)

Korea Home Economics Education Association (한국가정과교육학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Study on Influencing Factors of Elderly Consumers' Self-Efficacy in Internet Banking Usage: Exploring Moderating Effect of 60s and 70s

고령 소비자의 인터넷 뱅킹 사용 자기효능감의 영향요인에 관한 연구: 60대와 70대의 비교

  • Ku, Yoonhye (Dept. of Living Culture & Consumer Science, Sungshin Women's University) ;
  • Yang, Su Jin (Dept. of Consumer Science & Living Culture Industry, Sungshin Women's University)
  • 구윤혜 (성신여자대학교 생활문화소비자학과 ) ;
  • 양수진 (성신여자대학교 소비자생활문화산업학과)
  • Received : 2022.12.06
  • Accepted : 2022.12.19
  • Published : 2022.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Recently, digital transformation in the financial industry has been accelerated, and it has become an important task to improve the level of utilization of Internet banking by elderly consumers, who are vulnerable to Internet use. Accordingly, this study analyzed 3,101 respondents in their 60s or older from the 11th year of the Media Panel Survey to identify demographic, experiential, and psychological factors that affect the self-efficacy of elderly consumers' usage of Internet banking. The main research findings are as follows. First, gender, education, occupation, and income were identified as demographic variables. Second, the Internet shopping experience was identified as an experiential factor. Also, concerns about information security, digital literacy, and high will for problem-solving were identified as psychological factors. Third, as a result of the moderating effect analysis on whether the experiential and psychological factors have different influences according to the group divided into the 60s and 70s, the effect on self-efficacy in the usage of the Internet was classified by age. The results of this study will be able to enrich the discussions related to the intention to utilize technology among elderly consumers by empirically revealing that there are characteristics that cause differences in financial behavior even within one group called the elderly.

최근 금융산업에서의 디지털 전환이 가속화되며, 인터넷 활용의 취약계층인 고령 소비자의 인터넷 뱅킹 사용 수준을 제고하는 것은 중요한 과제가 되었다. 이에 본 연구는 미디어패널조사 11차년도 자료의 60대 이상 3,101명의 응답을 분석하여, 고령 소비자의 인터넷 뱅킹 사용에 대한 자기효능감에 영향을 미치는 인구통계학적, 경험적, 심리적 요인을 규명하였다. 주요 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째 고령 소비자의 인터넷 뱅킹 사용에 대한 자기효능감에 미치는 인구통계학적 변수로 성별, 교육수준, 직업유무, 소득수준을 확인하였다. 둘째 고령 소비자의 인터넷 뱅킹 사용에 대한 자기효능감에 영향을 미치는 경험적 요인으로 인터넷 쇼핑 경험을, 심리적 요인으로 정보보안우려, 디지털 리터러시, 높은 문제해결의지를 확인하였다. 셋째, 경험적, 심리적 영향요인이 60대와 70대 이상의 연령 구분에 따라 다른 영향력을 갖는지에 대하여 조절효과 분석을 실시한 결과, 모든 변수에서 연령 구분에 따라 인터넷 뱅킹 사용에 대한 자기효능감에 미치는 영향력이 다름을 확인하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 고령층으로 구분되는 소비자 집단 내에서도 금융행동의 차이를 유발하는 특성이 있음을 경험적으로 밝혀냄으로써 고령 소비자의 비대면 금융 서비스 활용과 관련한 논의에 기여할 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

References

  1. Ahn, G.-Y., & Han, E.-K. (2020). Analysis on characteristics of South Korean senior consumers' needs: with Maslow's 7-levels of needs hierarchy. Journal of the Korean Gerontological Society, 40(3), 389-411.
  2. Bandura, A. (1982). Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency. American Psychologist, 37, 122-147. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.37.2.122
  3. Bank of Korea (2020). Financial stability report. Seoul: Author.
  4. Bereket, T. B., & Hwang, G.-H. (2020). Determinants of behavioral intention and usage of mobile money services in Ethiopia. Journal of Digital Convergence, 18(2), 23-35. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDC.2020.18.2.023
  5. Byun, S. (2017). A study on the determinants of active seniors in media markets. Journal of Industrial Economics and Business, 30(4), 1525-1544. https://doi.org/10.22558/jieb.2017.08.30.4.1525
  6. Chae, J. M. (2020). Clothing purchase behavior of active senior-differences according to gender and shopping orientation types-. Fashion & Textile Research Journal, 22(1), 25-37. https://doi.org/10.5805/SFTI.2020.22.1.25
  7. Choi, S. (2022). Analyzing the structural relationships of seniors' Internet service use : focused on online shopping and financial transactions. Social Economy & Policy Studies, 12(2), 241-262. https://doi.org/10.22340/seps.2022.05.12.2.241
  8. FSS. (2022). '21 domestic bank branch operation status. Seoul: Author.
  9. Gist, M. E. (1989). The influence of training method on self-efficacy and idea generation among managers. Personnel Psychology, 42(4), 787-805. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1989.tb00675.x
  10. Ha, J.-S., Kang, M., & Lee, D.-M. (2017). A study on the key factors influencing the acceptance intention of mobile payment services. The Journal of Internet Electronic Commerce Research, 17(6), 157-180.
  11. Han, J., & Ko, D. (2021). An analysis of types and characteristics of aged consumers' use of banking channels according to the change of financial environment. Consumer Policy and Education Review, 17(3), 1-26. https://doi.org/10.15790/cope.2021.17.3.001
  12. Han, S. Y., Bae, S. J., Park, S.-B., Ma, E., & Han, H. (2014). Analysis on the diffusion and the intention to use among technology adopter categories. Journal of Information Technology Services, 13(3), 25-50.
  13. Hong, S. (2000). The criteria for selecting appropriate fit indices in structural equation modeling and their rationales. Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 19(1), 161-177.
  14. Hong, S.-H., Eo, Y.-G., Jang, S.-J., Kwon, E. J., & Kim, S. E. (2017). Subjective perceptions of South Korean baby boomers about information technology and its characteristics: Q-methodology application. Korean Journal of Gerontological Social Welfare, 72(2), 371-398. https://doi.org/10.21194/kjgsw.72.2.201706.371
  15. Hua, Y. (2021). A study on the UI model based on information behavior of new silver generation. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Yeungnam University, Gyeongbuk, Korea.
  16. Jang, H.-Y. (2022). A study on the effect of digital literacy in the elderly on critical thinking disposition: focused on the moderating effect of need for cognition. Journal of Industrial Convergence, 20(6), 17-25. https://doi.org/10.22678/JIC.2022.20.6.017
  17. Jang, H. Y., Park, S. C., & Koh, J. (2020). Understanding seniors' acceptance and usage for online education program: based on grounded theory. Knowledge Management Review, 21(2), 77-100. https://doi.org/10.15813/KMR.2020.21.2.005
  18. Joo, S.-H., Koh, E.-H., & Yoo, M. S. (2018). Exploring factors related to FinTech acceptance in financial transaction. Journal of Consumption Culture, 21(2), 175-202. https://doi.org/10.17053/jcc.2018.21.2.008
  19. Ju, H. J. (2021). Implication through the case of higher lifelong education model for social participation of Berlin active senior generation learners in Germany. Theory and Practice of Education, 26(2), 75-95.
  20. Jung, S.-H., Yang, T. S., & Park, J.-K. (2019). Testing mediated moderation using moderated multiple regression: conceptual and methodological considerations. Korean Journal of Psychology: General, 38(3), 323-346. https://doi.org/10.22257/kjp.2019.09.38.3.323
  21. Kang, H. B. (2022, June 26). 문 닫는 은행에 갈 곳 잃은 고령층 [Banks closed, old people lost]. Money S. Retrieved from https://moneys.mt.co.kr/news/mwView.php?no=2022062417072538685
  22. Kang, H. S. (2021, December 13). 은행점포 '폐쇄' 속도 고령층 많은 강원 소외 [Accelerating bank branch closures, financial exclusion in Gangwon with many seniors]. KADO. Retrieved from http://www.kado.net/news/articleView.html?idxno=1103489
  23. Kang, N.-J. (2018). Proposal of lifelong education contents in future Home Economics Education field reflecting social needs: focus on the contents proposal as family life education. Family and Environment Research, 56(3), 233-246. https://doi.org/10.6115/fer.2018.018
  24. Kim, D. R., Kang, K. H., Park, A., Lee, C. H., & Kim, K. H. (2021). An integrative review of well-aging research in Korea. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial Cooperation Society, 22(3), 190-198.
  25. Kim, H., Lee, M., & Seo, J. (2015). An analysis of the middle-aged adults' mobile information behavior focused on their demographic characteristics. Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science, 49(2), 335-353.
  26. Kim, H.-J., Park, N.-E., & Lee, S. (2018). The determinants of active seniors' intention to use Internet-primary banks. Journal of Consumption Culture, 21(3), 19-43.
  27. Kim, J. G. (2020). 실버산업 해외사례와 활성화 전략 [A study on overseas cases and strategies on the Silver Industry]. KIRI 고령화리뷰[KIRI Aging Review], 37, 30-42.
  28. Kim, J. H. (2003). The importance of lifelong education. Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 1(9), 121-135.
  29. Kim, J. S. (2022, February 18). 고령층 디지털 소외 더 이상 방치안된다...교육.접근성 동시 높여야 [No longer digital alienation of the elderly, education and accessibility]. Senior News. Retrieved from http://www.seniorsinmun.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=44930
  30. Kim, K. S., & Kim, S.-Y. (2014). Multi-dimensional measuring and multi-level analysis of active ageing in 16 OECD countries. Social Welfare Policy, 41(1), 1-32. https://doi.org/10.15855/SWP.2014.41.1.1
  31. Kim, S., & Kim, G. (2011). An empirical study on the factors affecting the adoption of mobile cloud and the moderating effect of mobile trust. The e-Business Studies, 12(1), 281-310. https://doi.org/10.15719/geba.12.1.201103.281
  32. Kim, S.-J., & Choi, S. O. (2019). The privacy paradox on digital literacy: the moderated effect of information privacy concerns. Journal of Korean Association for Regional Information Society, 22(4), 1-36.
  33. Kim, Y.-C. (2019). The effect of the need for cognition and self-esteem on SNS usage of senior consumers. International Telecommunications Policy Review, 26(1), 81-112.
  34. KISDI. (2022). 2021 Korea media panel survey. Chungbuk: Author.
  35. Lee, G. N. (2022, May 10). 'Tens of billions' of elderly voice phishing damage every year... Urgency of Elderly Financial Damage Prevention Act. Korea Rural Newspaper. Retrieved from http://www.agrinet.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=309328
  36. Lee, I.-G., & Kim, S. (2020). A study on the use of Non-Face-to-Face Payment Methods for the elderly from the universal design perspective. The Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 28(1), 129-149.
  37. Lee, J., & Tak, S. (2020). The effects of digital literacy and the frequency of contact with children or grandchildren via ICT on the cognitive function of the elderly. Journal of the Korean Gerontological Society, 40(3), 413-428. https://doi.org/10.31888/JKGS.2020.40.3.413
  38. Lee, K.-C., Chung, N.-H., & Lee, J.-S. (2002). Empirical study about relationship between factors influencing Korean user's intention to use the Internet banking service. Asia Pacific Journal of Information Systems, 12(3), 191-212.
  39. Lee, O.-J., & Park, H.-S. (2017). Applying trends in successful aging research on the baby boomers generation. Journal of the Korea Gerontological Society, 37(1), 251-270.
  40. Lee, S. J., Han, P. K., Kang, B. G., & Jun, B. (2008). Factors influencing online banking service acceptance: Focusing on comparison of Internet banking and mobile banking service. Proceedings of the 2008 Spring KMIS International Conference (pp. 950-956). Seoul: Korea Society of Management Information Systems.
  41. Lee, Y., & Son, D.-H. (2019). The effect of reliability and innovation resistance on the switching value of FinTech service. The Journal of Internet Electronic Commerce Research, 19(6), 75-88. https://doi.org/10.37272/JIECR.2019.12.19.6.75
  42. MOEF. (2020). 「The 2nd population policy TF」, announcement of response to population structure changes. Seoul: Author.
  43. MSIT. (2021). Survey on Internet utilization. Sejong: Author.
  44. Oh, C. H., Kim, J. H., & Kim, S.-H. (2015). Understanding the determinants of active senior consumers' online shopping usage behavior and moderating role of cognitive age. Journal of the Korea Gerontological Society, 35(3), 818-833.
  45. Oh, I. (2002). General self-efficacy: the concept, measurement issues, and implications for HRM. Korean Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 15(3), 49-72.
  46. Oh, J. C. (2010). Factors of Internet service acceptance: a revaluation of UTAUT Model. Korean Management Review, 39(1), 55-79.
  47. Oh, M. J., & Jung, J. C. (2022). Comparative analysis of SNS donation culture keywords between the active senior generation and young generation through the Facebook fanpage. Journal of Culture Industry, 22(1), 101-109.
  48. Oh, S. Mi., & Choi, S. S. (2021). The effect of digital information level on the intention to use new technology among older adults: Focused on the multiple mediating effect of technical self-efficacy and utilization performance. Korean Journal of Gerontological Social Welfare, 76(4), 137-170. https://doi.org/10.21194/kjgsw.76.4.202112.137
  49. Ok, H.-J., Cho, B.-Y., Kim, J.-Y., Kim, J.-Y., Kim, H.-D., Koh, G.-N.,...Seo, S.-H. (2016). A study of developing and validating an assessment of digital literacy attitudes. Korean Language Education, 152, 251-283.
  50. Pericles, J. P., Bento, A. F., & Joao, C. C. (2011). Technology Readiness Index (TRI) factors as differentiating elements between users and non users of Internet banking, and as antecedents of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). ENTERprise Information Systems, 220, 215-229. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24355-4_23
  51. Sherer, M., Maddux, J. E., Mercandante, B., Prentice-Dunn, S., Jacobs, B., & Rogers, R. W. (1982). The self-efficacy scale: construction and validation. Psychological Reports, 51, 663-671. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1982.51.2.663
  52. Shin, H. R., Lee, H.-J., & Lim, J.-S. (2018). A study on the effect of age-friendliness of communities on successful aging of the elderly: Focusing on comparison between baby boomers and elderly generations. The Journal of Korean Policy Studies, 18(4), 189-210.
  53. Son, D.-H. (2020). The effect of the reliability and the perceived value on the continuous use of FinTech service. The Journal of Internet Electronic Commerce Research, 20(4), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.37272/JIECR.2020.08.20.4.1
  54. Son, J., & Park, J. (2019). Study on the factors affecting Korean consumers' Internet banking adoption and use behavior: differences between PC banking and smartphone banking. Financial Planning Review, 12(3), 29-57.
  55. Swinyard, W. R., & Ghee, L. (1987). Adoption patterns of new banking technology in Southeast Asia. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 5(4), 35-48. https://doi.org/10.1108/eb010816
  56. Wang, S.-S. (2022). A study on the future direction of Home Economics Education in the with/post COVID-19 era: Focused on the review of 'well-being education'. Journal of Home Economics Education Research, 34(1), 131-149.
  57. Won, S.-J., & Sung, J.-H. (2008). Research for propensity of a senior group through analysis about mobile usage status. The Journal of the Korea Contents Association, 8(11), 65-73.
  58. Woodruff, S. L., & Cashman, J. F. (1993). Task, domain, and general efficacy: A reexamination of the self-efficacy scale. Psychological Reports, 72(2), 423-432. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1993.72.2.423
  59. Youn, G.-H. (2017). We earnestly need a new chronological definition for old age in an era of population aging. Korean Journal of Research in Gerontology, 26(2), 89-99. https://doi.org/10.25280/kjrg.26.2.7