Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment (생태와환경)

The Korean Society of Limnology (한국수생태학회)
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Trophic Transfer of Disinfectant Chemical in Aquatic Ecosystem

소독살균제 기인 화학물질의 수생태계 내 생물 전이 특성 연구

  • Ha-Eun Cho (Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University) ;
  • Dokyun Kim (Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University) ;
  • Eun-Ji Won (Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University) ;
  • Hyeong-Wook Jo (Hansalim Agri-food Analysis Center, Hankyong National University Industry Academic Cooperation Foundation) ;
  • Kwang-Guk An (College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Kyung-Hoon Shin (Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University)
  • 조하은 (한양대학교 해양융합과학과) ;
  • 김도균 (한양대학교 해양융합과학과) ;
  • 원은지 (한양대학교 해양융합과학과) ;
  • 조형욱 (한경대학교 산학협력단 한살림농식품분석센터) ;
  • 안광국 (충남대학교 생명과학과) ;
  • 신경훈 (한양대학교 해양융합과학과)
  • Received : 2022.11.28
  • Accepted : 2022.12.15
  • Published : 2022.12.31
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Abstract

Despite the consumption of disinfectants have been increased by COVID-19 pandemic, the fate of the chemicals in aquatic food webs are still unclear. In order to understand the trophic transfer of the chemicals, the concentration of disinfectants including six benzalkonium chloride (BACs) and five didecyldimethylammonium chlorides(DDACs) were measured at the Geum (2020), Han (2021), and Yeongsan River (2021), before and after rainfall. The highest concentration of ∑BACs (mainly C12 and C14) and ∑DDACs (mainly C10 and C14) were observed in the Han River, followed by Yeongsan River, Geum River Estuary, and Gapcheon. After rainfalls, both concentration and detection frequency were decreased in all sites. Although the BAC and DDAC seems to be accumulated in organisms, they were bio-diluted rather than magnified in the aquatic food web with the biomagnification factor(BMF) of less than 1, trophic magnification slope (TMS) from -0.236 to 0.001, and trophic magnification factor(TMF) from 0.85 to 1.01.

화학물질은 현대생활에서 없어서는 안될 매우 중요한 요소이며, 그 종류와 발생량이 꾸준히 증가하는 추세이다. 코로나19 발병 이후 소독제 사용증가로 인해 소독제 함유 화학물질의 사용 및 배출 또한 증가했지만, 환경모니터링이나 생물독성연구 외에 생태계 내 거동에 대한 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구는 2020, 2021년 금강, 한강, 영산강에서 어류를 대상으로 하는 생태계 먹이망을 조사하고, 어류의 근육에서 소독제 성분인 6종의 benzalkonium chloride (BACs)와 5종의 didecyldimethylammonium chlorides (DDACs)농도를 분석하여 생태계 내 거동을 살펴보았다. ∑BACs와 ∑DDACs는 한강에 서식하는 어류의 체내에서 가장 높은 농도로, 뒤이어 영산강, 금강하구언, 갑천 순서로 검출되었으며 강우 이후 물질의 농도와 검출 빈도가 감소하는 것으로 관찰되었다. BAC는 C12와 C14가, DDAC는 C10과 C14가 가장 빈번하게 검출되었다. BAC와 DDAC가 어류 조직에서 검출된 것으로 보아 물질이 생물과 먹이망 내 축적될 수 있음을 확인하였으나, 체내 축적률을 보여주는 biomagnification factor(BMF)가 1 미만의 값으로, 먹이망 내 전달을 보여주는 trophic magnification slope (TMS)이 -0.236에서 0.001의 값으로, trophic magnification factor(TMF)가 0.85에서 1.01의 값으로 도출되어 먹이망을 통해 물질이 확대되기보다는 희석된다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 2022년 환경부에서 지원하는 생활화학제품 안전관리 기술개발사업을 통해 한국환경산업기술원(KEITI)의 지원[2020002970007, 1485018715]과 연구재단(NRF)의 지원[2021R1C1C2005922]을 받아 수행되었습니다.

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