Journal of fish pathology (한국어병학회지)

The Korean Society of Fish Pathology (한국어병학회)
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Experimental transmission of red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV) between rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus) and rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii)

  • Min, Joon Gyu (Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Jeong, Ye Jin (Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Jeong, Min A (Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Kim, Jae-Ok (Tongyeong Regional Office, National Fishery Products Quality Management Service (NFQS)) ;
  • Hwang, Jee Youn (Aquatic Disease Control Division, National Fishery Products Quality Management Service (NFQS)) ;
  • Kwon, Mun-Gyeong (Aquatic Disease Control Division, National Fishery Products Quality Management Service (NFQS)) ;
  • Kim, Kwang Il (Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University)
  • Received : 2021.05.12
  • Accepted : 2021.05.28
  • Published : 2021.06.30
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Abstract

Red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV), belonging to the genus Megalocytivirus, is the predominant cause of mortality in marine fishes in Korea, including rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus). Rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) are the host fish for RSIV, exhibiting no clinical signs or mortality. Cohabitation challenges, which mimicked natural transmission conditions, were performed to evaluate viral transmission between rock bream and rockfish, and to determine the pathogenicity and viral loads. In cohabitation challenge, artificially RSIV-infected rock bream were the viral donor, and healthy rockfish were the recipient. The results showed that although the donor rock bream had 95-100 % cumulative mortality (>108 viral genome copies/mg of spleen 7-14 days after viral infection), the recipient rockfish did not die, even when the viral genome copies in the spleen were >105 copies/mg. These results indicated asymptomatic infections. Notably, in a reverse-cohabitation challenge (artificially RSIV-infected rockfish as the viral donor and healthy rock bream as the recipient), RSIV horizontally infected from subclinical rockfish to rock bream (107 viral genome copies/mg of spleen 21 days after cohabitation) with 10-20% cumulative mortality. These results suggest that an asymptomatic, infected rockfish can naturally transmit the RSIV without being sacrificed.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by a grant from National Fishery Products Quality Management Service (Development and management of disease control program for aquatic life, R2021071)

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