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Current Status of COVID-19 Vaccine Development: Focusing on Antigen Design and Clinical Trials on Later Stages

  • Pureum Lee (Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology) ;
  • Chang-Ung Kim (Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology) ;
  • Sang Hawn Seo (International Vaccine Institute) ;
  • Doo-Jin Kim (Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology)
  • Received : 2021.01.11
  • Accepted : 2021.02.17
  • Published : 2021.02.28
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Abstract

The global outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still threatening human health, economy, and social life worldwide. As a counteraction for this devastating disease, a number of vaccines are being developed with unprecedented speed combined with new technologies. As COVID-19 vaccines are being developed in the absence of a licensed human coronavirus vaccine, there remain further questions regarding the long-term efficacy and safety of the vaccines, as well as immunological mechanisms in depth. This review article discusses the current status of COVID-19 vaccine development, mainly focusing on antigen design, clinical trials in later stages, and immunological considerations for further study.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by grants of the Bio & Medical Technology Development Program (2016M3A9B6918675 and 2018M3A9H4077992) of the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) and the KRIBB Initiative program (KGM9942112), funded by the Korean government (Ministry of Science & ICT). We would like to thank Dr. SW Kim and Editage (www.editage. co.kr) for language editing.

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