Journal of Plant Biotechnology

  • 제48권4호
  • /
  • Pages.201-206
  • /
  • 2021
  • /
  • 1229-2818(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2384-1397(eISSN)
한국식물생명공학회 (The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

유전자변형생물체의 알레르기성 평가와 이해

Allergenicity assessment of novel proteins expressed in genetically modified organisms

  • 이상구 (국립농업과학원 생물안전성과) ;
  • 오선우 (국립농업과학원 생물안전성과) ;
  • 박수윤 (국립농업과학원 생물안전성과) ;
  • 박현민 (국립농업과학원 생물안전성과) ;
  • 김은하 (국립농업과학원 생물안전성과) ;
  • 진소라 (국립농업과학원 생물안전성과) ;
  • 류태훈 (국립농업과학원 생물안전성과)
  • Lee, Sang-Gu (Biosafety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Oh, Seon-Woo (Biosafety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Park, Soo-Yun (Biosafety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Park, Hyoun-Min (Biosafety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Kim, Eun-Ha (Biosafety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Jin, So-Ra (Biosafety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Ryu, Tae-Hun (Biosafety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences)
  • 투고 : 2021.11.20
  • 심사 : 2021.12.16
  • 발행 : 2021.12.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

우리나라는 유전자변형생물체(GMO)의 개발 및 수입 등에 관한 안전성 확보를 위하여 LMO법을 제정하였다. 이에 따라 국내에서 GMO가 식품 및 사료용으로 수입, 생산될 경우는 OECD가 제시한 '실질적 동등성' 개념에 따라 안전성 심사를 한다. 안전성 심사에는 GMO에 대한 알레르기 평가심사가 포함된다. 알레르기성 평가 방법은 OECD, FAO, WHO 등 다양한 국제기구를 통해 논의되어왔다. 주요 알레르기성 평가 방법으로는 GMO에서 새로 발현된 단백질의 물리 화학적 감수성 확인, 기존 알레르기 단백질과의 아미노산 서열 유사성 분석, 혈청 스크리닝 등이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 유전자변형생물체의 알레르기성 평가를 위한 가이드라인과 관련 연구들을 소개하였다.

To ensure the safety of developing or importing genetically modified organisms (GMOs), Korea has enacted the "LMO Act." Accordingly, the safety of using GMOs as food or feed is evaluated in accordance with the concept of "substantial equivalence" proposed by OECD. The allergenicity of GMOs is assessed as a part of their safety evaluation. The methods of allergenicity assessment have been discussed by various international organizations, such as the OECD, FAO, and WHO. The main methods used for the allergenicity assessment of proteins newly expressed in GMOs include assessment of the physicochemical stability of these proteins, evaluation of their amino acid homology with existing allergenic proteins, and serum screening. In this study, we describe guidelines and related studies for the allergenicity assessment of GM crops.

키워드

과제정보

본 연구는 농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 기관고유 사업(PJ01432203)의 연구지원에 의해 수행되었습니다.

참고문헌

  1. Agnes M, Tan A, Jordens R, Geluk A, Roep B O, Ottenhoff T, Drijfhout J W, Koning F (1998) Strongly increased efficiency of altered peptide ligands by mannosylation. International Immunology 10:1299-1304 https://doi.org/10.1093/intimm/10.9.1299
  2. Altschul S F, Madden T L, Schaffer A A, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Miller W, Lipman D J (1997) Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs. Nucleic Acids Research 25:3389-3402 https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/25.17.3389
  3. Astwood, J.D., Leach, J.N. and Fuchs, R.L (1996) Stability of food allergens to digestion in vitro. Nature Biotechnology. 14: 1269-1273 https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt1096-1269
  4. Bjorksten B, Holt B J, Baron-Hay M J, Munir A K. and Holt P G (1996) Low-level exposure to house dust mites stimulates T-cell responses during early childhood independent of atopy. Clinical and Experimental Allergy: Journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 26:775-779 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1996.tb00607.x
  5. Breiteneder, H. and Mills, E.N.C (2005) Molecular properties of food allergens. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 115:14-23 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2004.10.022
  6. Codex Alimentarius Commission (2002) Report of the 3rd session of the Codex ad hoc international Task Force on Foods Derived from Biotechnology 57-60
  7. Condaminet B, Peguet-Navarro J, Stahl PD, Dalbiez-Gauthier C, Schmitt D and Berthier-Vergnes, O (1998) Human epidermal Langerhans cells express the mannose-fucose binding receptor. European Journal of Immunology. 28:3541-3551 https://doi.org/10.1002/1521-4141(199811)28:11<3541::AID-IMMU3541>3.0.CO;2-4
  8. FAO/WHO (2001) Evaluation of allergenicity of genetically modified foods, report of a joint FAO/WHO expert consultation on allergenicity of foods derived from biotechnology. Food and Agriculture Organization of the united nations. Rome 5-10
  9. Fu T J, Abbott U R, Hatzos C (2002) Digestibility of Food Allergens and Nonallergenic Proteins in Simulated Gastric Fluid and Simulated Intestinal FluidA Comparative Study. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 50:7154-7160 https://doi.org/10.1021/jf020599h
  10. Goodman R E, Vieths S, Sampson H A, Hill D, Ebisawa M, Taylor S.L, van Ree R (2008) Allergenicity assessment of genetically modified crops-what makes sense? Nature Biotechnology. 26:73-81 https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt1343
  11. Herman R A, Price W.D (2013) Unintended Compositional Changes in Genetically Modified (GM) Crops: 20 Years of Research. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 61:11695-11701 https://doi.org/10.1021/jf400135r
  12. Hoff M, Son D Y, Gubesch, M, Ahn K, Lee S I, Vieths S, Goodman R E, Ballmer-Weber, B K and Bannon G.A (2007) Serum testing of genetically modified soybeans with special emphasis on potential allergenicity of the heterologous protein CP4 EPSPS. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research. 51:946-955 https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.200600285
  13. Houston N L, Lee D G, Stevenson S E, Ladics G S, Bannon G A, McClain S, Privalle L, Stagg N, Herouet-Guicheney C, MacIntosh S C and Thelen J J (2010) Quantitation of Soybean Allergens Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Journal of Proteome Research. 10:763-773 https://doi.org/10.1021/pr100913w
  14. Huby R D, Dearman R J, Kimber I (2000) Why Are Some Proteins Allergens? Toxicological Sciences. 55:235-246 https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/55.2.235
  15. ISAAA Brief 55 (2019) Global Status of Commercialized Biotech/GM crops in 2019
  16. Kulis M, Macqueen I, Li Y, Guo R, Zhong X P and Burks A W (2012) Pepsinized cashew proteins are hypoallergenic and immunogenic and provide effective immunotherapy in mice with cashew allergy. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 130:716-723 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2012.05.044
  17. Jing B, Qu H, Hu Y, Ni T, Lin Z (2007) Computational analysis of the relationship between allergenicity and digestibility of allergenic proteins in simulated gastric fluid BHC bioinformatics. 8:375 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-8-375
  18. Ladics, G S, Bartholomaeus A, Bregitzer P, Doerrer N G, Gray A, Holzhauser T, Jordan M, Keese P, Kok E, Macdonald P, Parrott W, Privalle L, Raybould, A, Rhee S.Y, Rice E, Romeis J, Vaughn J, Wal J M and Glenn K (2015) Genetic basis and detection of unintended effects in genetically modified crop plants. Transgenic Research. 24:587-603 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11248-015-9867-7
  19. Ladics G S, Knippels L M J, Penninks A H, Bannon G A, Goodman R E and Herouet-Guicheney C (2010) Review of animal models designed to predict the potential allergenicity of novel proteins in genetically modified crops. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology. 56:212-224 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2009.09.018
  20. McClain S, Stevenson S E, Brownie C, Herouet-Guicheney C, Herman R A, Ladics G S, Privalle L, Ward J M, Doerrer N and Thelen J J (2018) Variation in Seed Allergen Content From Three Varieties of Soybean Cultivated in Nine Different Locations in Iowa, Illinois, and Indiana. Frontiers in Plant Science. 9:1025 https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01025
  21. Metcalfe D D, Astwood J D, Townsend R, Sampson H A, Taylor S L and Fuchs R L (1996) Assessment of the allergenic potential of foods derived from genetically engineered crop plants. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 36:165-186 https://doi.org/10.1080/10408399609527763
  22. Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (2015) Guidance for risk assessment of from genetically food, etc(Allergicity). 1-11
  23. Nordlee J A, Taylor S L, Townsend J A, Thomas L A and Bush R K (1996) Identification of a Brazil-Nut Allergen in Transgenic Soybeans. New England Journal of Medicine. 334:688-692 https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199603143341103
  24. OECD (1993) Safety evaluation of foods derived by modern biotechnology; Concepts and Principles; Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD): Paris, France
  25. Pearson W R and Lipman D J (1988) Improved tools for biological sequence comparison. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 85:2444-2448 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.85.8.2444
  26. Sallusto F, Cella M, Danielo C, Lanzavecchia (1995) Dendritic cells use macropinocytosis and the mannose receptor to concentrate macromolecules in the major histocompatibility complex class II compartment: downregulation by cytokines and bacterial products. Journal of Experimental Medicine.182:389-400 https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.182.2.389
  27. Scheurer S, Son D Y, Boehm M, Karamloo F, Franke S, Hoffmann A, Haustein D and Vieths S. (1999) Cross-reactivity and epitope analysis of Pru a 1, the major cherry allergen. Molecular Immunology. 36:155-167 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0161-5890(99)00033-4
  28. Szekacs A, Lauber E, Juracsek J and Darvas B (2010) Cry1Ab toxin production of MON 810 transgenic maize. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 29:182-190 https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5
  29. Tan, M.C, Mommaas A M, Drijfhout J W, Jordens R, Onderwater J J, Verwoerd D, Mulder A A, van der Heiden A N, Scheidegger D, Oomen L C, Ottenhoff T H, Tulp A, Neefjes J J and Koning F (1997) Mannose receptor-mediated uptake of antigens strongly enhances HLA class II-restricted antigen presentation by cultured dendritic cells. European Journal of Immunology, 27:2426-2435 https://doi.org/10.1002/eji.1830270942
  30. Thomas K, Aalbers M, Bannon G A, Bartels M, Dearman R J, Esdaile D J, Fu T J, Glatt, C M, Hadfield N, Hatzos C, Hefle S L, Heylings J R, Goodman R E, Henry B, Herouet C, Holsapple M, Ladics G S, Landry T D, MacIntosh S C and Rice E A (2004) A multi-laboratory evaluation of a common in vitro pepsin digestion assay protocol used in assessing the safety of novel proteins. Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology. 39:87-98 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2003.11.003
  31. Yagami T, Haishima, Y, Nakamura A, Osuna H and Ikezawa Z. (2000) Digestibility of allergens extracted from natural rubber latex and vegetable foods. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 106:752-762 https://doi.org/10.1067/mai.2000.109171