KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE (한국작물학회지)

The Korean Society of Crop Science (한국작물학회)
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Selection of Suitable Varieties for Organic Rice Farming in the Central Plain Area of Korea

중부평야지 벼 유기재배 적정 품종 선정

  • Received : 2019.07.15
  • Accepted : 2019.08.19
  • Published : 2019.09.30
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Abstract

The rice variety Chucheongbyeo is mostly cultivated for organic farming in the central region of Korea. This variety is more delicate than the recently developed varieties in rice yield, quality, and pest resistance, and is therefore, not suitable for organic farming. This study was conducted to select suitable varieties for organic rice farming in the central plain area of Korea. We tested 15 different varieties in the organic paddy field of Cheongju city from 2011 to 2013. As the experimental field had good fertility because it had been organically managed for many years, culm length and number of panicles developed better than the varietal characteristics. Daebo, Chinnong and Hyeonpum had slightly lower ripened grain ratio than Chucheongbyeo. The milled rice yield of Samkwang, Sukwang, Haiami, Cheonghaejinmi and Daebo increased by 9-18% compared to that of Chucheongbyeo. The protein content was under 7% for Cheongnam, Sukwang, Daebo, Samkwang, Hyeonpum, Chinnong, Chilbo, Hopyung, Hwangkeumnuri, Suryeojinmi and Jinsumi and under 6% for Sukwang and Samkwang. The whiteness was over 40 in Sukwang, Daebo, Samkwang and Jinsumi. The palatability grade and head rice ratio were good in Daebo, Sukwang, Samkwang and Jinsumi. Therefore, this study recommended Samkwang, Daebo, and Jinsumi as the optimal varieties for organic rice farming in the central plain area of Korea. These varieties could replace Chucheongbyeo, which is inferior to the recently developed varieties in terms of disease and pest resistance and yielding performance.

추청벼는 중부평야지의 유기재배에 가장 많이 재배되고 있는 품종이지만 최근 육성된 품종보다 쌀수량, 미질, 병해충 저항성이 약하기 때문에 유기재배에 적합하지 않으므로 유기재배에 적합한 벼 품종을 선정하고자 삼광, 진수미 등 고품질 15 품종을 충북 청주시에 소재한 유기재배 인증 농가포장에서 3년간 시험하여 검토한 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 시험연구포장은 수년간 유기재배를 하여 지력이 좋았기 때문에 관행재배보다 생육이 왕성하여 간장 및 수수가 증가되었다. 대보, 친농과 현품은 등숙비율이 추청벼보다 낮았으나 10 a 당 쌀수량은 9~18% 증수되었다. 2. 3년간 병해충 피해가 많이 발생하지 않았으나 품종별 차이가 있었다. 추청벼와 비교하여 우수한 품종은 이화명충(2 기)은 하이아미, 수광, 대보, 미광, 현품, 친농, 칠보와 진수미, 잎집무늬마름병은 하이아미, 대보, 현품, 칠보와 진수미, 이삭도열병은 청남, 수광, 대보, 미광, 친농, 칠보, 황금누리, 수려진미와 진수미, 벼 키다리병은 하이아미, 미광, 도복은 대보, 미광, 청해진미, 현품, 친농, 칠보, 호평과 황금누리가 강하였다. 3. 단백질함량이 추청벼보다 낮은 품종은 청남, 수광, 대보, 삼광, 현품, 친농, 칠보, 호평, 황금누리, 수려진미와 진수미로 7% 미만이었고, 특히 수광과 삼광은 6% 미만으로 우수하였다. 백도는 수광, 대보, 삼광, 진수미가 40 이상으로 추청벼보다 높았다. 기계적 식미치는 대보, 수광, 삼광과 진수미가 우수하였고, 완전미율은 현품, 수광, 삼광, 대보와 진수미가 높았다. 4. 최고 및 최종점도는 삼광, 미광과 칠보가 높았고, 치반점도는 현품이 가장 높았다. 수려진미, 청남, 삼광, 대보와 수광은 -20 이상이기 때문에 저장 시 노화가 더디게 진행될 것으로 판단되었고, 호화온도는 수광, 대보, 삼광과 진수미가 가장 낮았다. 5. 이상의 결과 중부평야지 유기재배에서 많이 재배되고 있는 추청벼를 대체하기 위한 품종은 수량성, 식미특성 및 병해충저항성을 고려해 볼 때 '삼광', '진수미', '대보'가 적합할 것으로 판단되었다.

Keywords

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