KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE (한국작물학회지)

The Korean Society of Crop Science (한국작물학회)
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Yield Characteristics and Related Agronomic Traits Affected by the Transplanting Date in Early Maturing Varieties of Rice in the Central Plain Area of Korea

중부 평야지에서 조생종 벼의 이앙시기에 따른 수량 특성 변화와 작물학적 요인 분석

  • Yang, Woonho (Crop Cultivation & Environment Research Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Park, Jeong-Hwa (Crop Cultivation & Environment Research Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Choi, Jong-Seo (Crop Cultivation & Environment Research Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kang, Shingu (Crop Cultivation & Environment Research Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Sukjin (Planning & Coordination Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration)
  • 양운호 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 재배환경과) ;
  • 박정화 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 재배환경과) ;
  • 최종서 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 재배환경과) ;
  • 강신구 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 재배환경과) ;
  • 김숙진 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 기획조정과)
  • Received : 2019.06.12
  • Accepted : 2019.08.07
  • Published : 2019.09.30
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Abstract

In response to elevated temperature, a shift in the rice planting period was proposed as a promising option in temperate regions. To understand the yield response of early maturing rice to different transplanting dates and to analyze the related agronomic traits in the central plain area, we performed a two-year study using different transplanting dates and six varieties in Suwon, Korea. The maximum head rice weight was achieved in the treatments transplanted between June 14 and 29, depending upon the varieties. The optimal mean temperature during the 40 days from heading stage for attaining the maximum head rice weight was $21.8^{\circ}C$ on the average of six varieties. The index of head rice weight was positively correlated with the indices of both the milled rice weight and head rice percentage, the latter showing a higher coefficient of determination. The highest milled rice weight was commonly achieved from the treatment transplanted on June 29, where the head rice weight was also the highest. The index of milled rice weight was significantly correlated with the indices of grain filling percentage and number of spikelets per area, but not correlated with the index of 1000-brown rice weight. The transplanting date with the highest milled rice yield produced the largest number of spikelets per area, greatest biomass at the heading and harvesting stages, and highest level of harvest index. We suggest that the optimal transplanting date for early maturing rice varieties in the central plain area is from June 14 to 29. High head rice yield in this study was attributed to increased spikelets owing to the increased biomass production at the heading stage, enhanced grain filling due to the high biomass production and harvest index at maturity, and improved head rice percentage.

중부 평야지에서 온난화 현황을 반영하여 조생종 벼의 이앙시기에 따른 완전미 수량의 변화를 검토하고, 완전미 수량 향상과 관련된 작물학적 특성을 분석하기 위하여, 2017~2018년 2년에 걸쳐 국립식량과학원 중부작물부(수원) 벼 재배시험 포장에서 6품종을 이용하여 시험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 완전미 무게는 품종에 따라 6월 14일~29일 이앙, 6품종 공통 6월 29일 이앙에서 통계적으로 가장 높았는데, 완전미 최고 무게를 나타낸 출수 후 40일간 등숙적온은 품종에 따라 $21.3{\sim}23.9^{\circ}C$, 6품종 평균 $21.8^{\circ}C$이었다. 2. 완전미 무게는 쌀 무게보다 완전립 비율과 더 밀접한 상관관계를 나타내었다. 3. 출수 후 40일간 등숙적온은 쌀 무게 기준에서 $23.5^{\circ}C$, 완전립 비율 기준에서 $20.5^{\circ}C$로, 쌀수량보다 품위 향상을 위한 등숙적온이 $3^{\circ}C$ 낮게 나타났다. 4. 완전미 무게 향상에 일정 부분 기여한 쌀 무게도 6품종 공통 6월 29일 이앙에서 가장 높았는데, 이에는 등숙비율과 $m^2$ 당 영화수의 증가가 기여하였다. 5. 오대 1품종을 이용하여 별도의 이앙시기 처리에서 검토하였을 때, 쌀수량이 가장 높았던 이앙시기에 $m^2$ 당 영화 수, 출수기 및 수확기 건물중, 수확지수가 통계적으로 가장 높은 수준이었다. 6. 결론적으로, 중부 평야지에서 조생종의 완전미 수량 향상을 위한 이앙적기는 품종에 따라 6월 14일~29일이었으며, 완전미 수량 향상의 작물학적 요인은 출수기 건물 중 증가에 따른 $m^2$ 당 영화수의 증대와 수확기 건물중 및 수확지수 증가에 따른 등숙비율의 향상, 그리고 완전립 비율 향상으로 분석되었다.

Keywords

References

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