The Journal of the Korea Contents Association (한국콘텐츠학회논문지)

The Korea Contents Association (한국콘텐츠학회)
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An Analysis of Influential Factors on Income Inequality Caused by Capital and Wage Incomes: Evidence from Korea with Cointegration Approach

한국의 임금소득과 자본소득이 소득불평등에 미치는 영향 분석: 공적분 추정에 의한 접근

  • Received : 2019.04.05
  • Accepted : 2019.05.13
  • Published : 2019.06.28
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Abstract

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of income inequality caused by capital and wage incomes under globalized economic system in Korea. Empirical evidences which are obtained by cointegration methodology reveal that the effects resulted from capital and wage incomes to income inequality are alternative between short-run and long-run. And, the wage income has stronger impact on income inequality than the capital income. This might be occured as a result of that inbound foreign capital seems not to contribute to economic activity in real sector. It also has to be mentioned that the income inequality is negatively influenced by international trade in the short run and in the long run as well. To this end, it would be concluded that well-organized distribution system for wage income should be established, accordingly. And, forward and backward linkages in exporting industry have to be re-evaluated in order to improve income inequality in Korea.

본 논문은 개방경제 체제하에서 우리나라의 임금소득과 자본소득이 소득불평등에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위한 것이다. 공적분추정에 의한 실증분석 결과에 의하면 우리나라의 경우 임금소득과 자본소득이 장단기적으로 소득불평등에 미치는 영향이 상반되며, 자본소득보다 임금소득에 의한 영향이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 자본소득이 소득불평등에 미치는 영향이 작은 것은 그 동안 자본시장이 지속적으로 확대되어 왔음에도 불구하고 대부분의 해외자본이 국내에서 직접적으로 생산 활동에 참여하지 않았기 때문인 것으로 보인다. 또한, 개방화는 장단기 모두 소득불평등을 악화시키는 것으로 분석되었다. 따라서 우리나라의 경우 소득불평등을 개선하기 위해서는 임금소득을 효율적으로 분배할 수 있는 체계의 구축이 필요하다 하겠다. 그리고 개방화의 확대에 따라 야기되는 소득불평등의 악화를 해소하기 위해서는 수출산업의 전후방 파급경로를 재구축하여 소득분배를 개선하는데 활용할 필요가 있다 하겠다.

Keywords

CCTHCV_2019_v19n6_387_f0001.png 이미지

그림 1. Gini 계수, 국민소득, 임금소득, 자본소득 및 무역비중 수준의 표준화 추이[37]

CCTHCV_2019_v19n6_387_f0002.png 이미지

그림 2. Gini 계수, 국민소득, 임금소득, 자본소득 및 무역비중 증가율의 표준화 추이[37]

CCTHCV_2019_v19n6_387_f0003.png 이미지

그림 3. Model II예 의한 Gini 계수의 예측 추이: FM-OLS

CCTHCV_2019_v19n6_387_f0004.png 이미지

그림 4. Model II예 의한 Gini 계수의 예측 추이: CCR

표 1. 단위근 검정 결과

CCTHCV_2019_v19n6_387_t0001.png 이미지

표 2. Model I의 추정결과: FM-OLS 모형

CCTHCV_2019_v19n6_387_t0002.png 이미지

표 3. Model I의 추정결과: CCR 모형

CCTHCV_2019_v19n6_387_t0003.png 이미지

표 4. Model II의 추정결과: FM-OLS 모형

CCTHCV_2019_v19n6_387_t0004.png 이미지

표 5. Model II의 추정결과: CCR 모형

CCTHCV_2019_v19n6_387_t0005.png 이미지

표 6. Model III의 추정결과: FM-OLS 모형

CCTHCV_2019_v19n6_387_t0006.png 이미지

표 7. Model III의 추정결과: CCR 모형

CCTHCV_2019_v19n6_387_t0007.png 이미지

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