Journal of Life Science (생명과학회지)

Korean Society of Life Science (한국생명과학회)
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Genomic Polymorphism Analysis Using Microsatellites in the Jeju Dogs

제주개의 microsatellite 마커를 이용한 유전적 다양성 분석

  • Ko, Minjeong (Animal Genomics & Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Kwon, Seulgi (Animal Genomics & Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Hye-Ran (Animal Nutrition & Physiology team, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Byun, Jae-Hyun (JeJu Livestock Promotion Institute) ;
  • Kim, Dae-Cheol (JeJu Livestock Promotion Institute) ;
  • Choi, Bong-Hwan (Animal Genomics & Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA)
  • 고민정 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원 동물유전체과) ;
  • 권슬기 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원 동물유전체과) ;
  • 김혜란 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원 영양생리팀) ;
  • 변재현 (제주축산진흥원) ;
  • 김대철 (제주축산진흥원) ;
  • 최봉환 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원 동물유전체과)
  • Received : 2019.03.11
  • Accepted : 2019.06.25
  • Published : 2019.06.30
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Abstract

This study was conducted to analyze the genetic characteristics of the Jeju dog for preservation and protection. A total of 139 dogs from 7 dog breeds, including the Jeju dog, were genotyped using 16 microsatellite markers. The results revealed 2-18 alleles per locus, with a total of 131 alleles among the 16 markers. Most alleles were identified for FH3381, which had 18 alleles, whereas FH2834 had the fewest alleles, with just 2. When the total mean value was observed, the expected heterozygosity and observed heterozygosity were higher for than for outgroup dogs, and the PIC values ranged from 0.000 to 0.862, respectively. The phylogenetic tree analysis of the Jeju dog and other dog varieties revealed that the Jeju dog is closest to the Sapsal dog (0.393). The phylogeny between the Jeju and Korean domestic dogs showed that the Jeju dog is most distant from the Dongkyung dog (0.507). Looking at the distribution individually, the Jeju dog is in the same group as the Labrador Retriever and the Sapsal dog. Meanwhile, the Poongsan, Dongkyung, and Jindo dogs and the German Shepherd were in the same group. Genetic information confirmed through the results of this study can be used as basic data to study the genetic characteristics of the Jeju dog.

본 연구에서는 우리나라 토종견인 제주개의 보존 보호를 위해 그에 대한 유전적 특성을 파악하고자 개 7품종(제주개, 동경개, 독일 세퍼트, 진도개, 라브라도 레트리버, 풍산개, 삽살개)에 대해 총 139두와 microsatellite 마커 16종을 이용하여 대립유전자형을 분석하였다. 그 결과 16종의 marker에서 131개의 대립유전자 좌위를 확인하였고, 이 중 FH3381에서 18개의 가장 많은 대립유전자형이 확인되었으며 FH2834는 대립유전자형이 2개로 가장 적게 확인되었다. 또한, 마커별 기대되는 이형접합도의 전체적 평균치를 보았을 때 기대이형접합도와 관측이형접합도가 외래견보다 토종개가 높게 나타났고 PIC값은 0.000부터 0.862로 확인되었다. 제주개와 다른 품종 간의 계통수를 분석한 결과 삽살개와 94%로 가장 가까운 것으로 확인 되었다. 제주개와 다른 품종들 간의 유전적 거리를 확인한 결과 삽살개가 0.393으로 가장 가깝게 나타났고 토종개 중에서는 동경개와의 거리가 0.507로 가장 먼 것으로 나타났다. 개체별의 분포도를 살펴보면 제주개는 레트리버, 삽살개와 같은 그룹 내에 존재하였고 풍산개, 동경개, 진도개, 셰퍼트가 같은 그룹 내에 존재한 것을 알 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구 결과를 통해 확인된 유전적 특성 정보들은 제주개의 유전적 특성 연구에 이용할 수 있는 기초적 자료로 활용가치가 높은 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

SMGHBM_2019_v29n6_637_f0001.png 이미지

Fig. 1. Phylogenetic tree showing the genetic relations among 7 breeds based on genetic distance in dogs. JJ: Jeju, DK: Dongkyung, GS: German Sherpherd, JD: Jindo, LR: Labrador Retriever, PS: Poongsan, SS: Sapsal.

SMGHBM_2019_v29n6_637_f0002.png 이미지

Fig. 2. A neighbor joining dendrogram was constructed from allele-sharing distances among 139 individuals in 7 breeds.

Table 1. List of microsatellite markers

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Table 2. Expected and observed heterozygosity obtained from 16 microsatellites in 7 breeds

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Table 3. Expected and observed heterozygosity obtained from 16 microsatellites loci in 7 breeds.

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Table 4. Polymorphism information content (PIC) values obtained from 16 microsatellites in 7breeds

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Table 5. F-statistic for inbreeding estimates within-population inbreeding coefficient (FIS) in 7 breeds canine populations

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Table 6. Results of F-statistics per locus in 7 breeds canine

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Table 7. DA genetic distance matrix estimated from the frequencies of 16 microsatellites loci among the 7 breeds

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