Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies (한국지리정보학회지)

The Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies (한국지리정보학회)
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A Study on the Relationship between Land Cover Type and Urban Temperature - focused on Gimhae city -

토지피복유형 특성과 도시 온도의 관계 분석 - 김해시를 대상으로 -

  • SONG, Bong-Geun (Institute of Industrial Technology, Changwon National University) ;
  • PARK, Kyung-Hun (Dept. of Environmental Engineering, Changwon National University)
  • 송봉근 (창원대학교 산업기술연구원) ;
  • 박경훈 (창원대학교 환경공학과)
  • Received : 2019.04.04
  • Accepted : 2019.06.03
  • Published : 2019.06.30
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Abstract

This study analyzed the relationship of land cover type, urban temperature in Gimhae city, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea. Date were used for land cover map, MODIS LST, and detailed temperature data on the Korean Peninsula based on RCP between 2000 and 2010. The correlation between urban area and surface temperature was 0.417, 0.512 for agricultural area and -0.607 for forest area. The correlation between surface temperature and air temperature was 0.301. The relationship with air temperature was analyzed as 0.275 for urban area, agriculture area 0.226, forest area 0.350. Urban and agricultural areas showed increased surface and air temperature as the area increased, while forest areas showed opposite improvements. In structural equation models, urban and agricultural areas had direct effects on the rise of surface temperature, whle forest areas had direct effects on the reduction of air temperature. In the future, it is necessary to use measured temperature data near the surface to understand the relationship between surface temperature and temperature according to the changes in spatial characteristics, which will prepare measures for urban heat island mitigation at the level of urban and environmental planning.

본 연구는 대한민국 경상남도 김해시를 대상으로 토지피복유형과 도시온도 간의 관계성을 분석하였다. 자료는 2000~2010년의 토지피복도와 MODIS 표면온도, RCP 기반 한반도 상세 기온자료를 활용하였다. 시가화지역의 면적비율과 표면온도의 상관성은 0.417, 농업지역은 0.512, 산림 지역은 -0.607로 나타났다. 표면온도와 기온의 상관성은 0.301이었다. 기온과의 상관성에서는 시가화지역이 0.275, 농업지역 0.226, 산림지역 0.350으로 분석되었다. 시가화지역과 농업지역은 면적이 증가할수록 표면온도와 기온이 증가하는 것으로 나타났고, 산림지역은 반대의 향상을 보였다. 구조방정식 모형 결과에서는 시가화지역과 농업지역은 표면온도 상승에 직접적인 효과가 있고, 산림지역은 기온 저감에 직접적인 효과가 있었다. 향후에는 지표면 부근에서 측정된 기온자료를 활용하여 공간특성의 변화에 따른 표면온도와 기온의 관계성을 파악하는 것이 필요하며, 이를 통해 도시 및 환경계획 차원에서 도시열섬 완화를 위한 방안을 마련할 것이다.

Keywords

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FIGURE 1. Administrative division of Gimhae city, study area

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FIGURE 2. Study process

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FIGURE 3. Land cover map from 2000 to 2010

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FIGURE 4. Variation of area ratio by land cover types from 2000 to 2010

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FIGURE 5. Mean temperature and time-series variation of surface (left) and air temperature (right) by each pixels

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FIGURE 6. Time-series variation of surface and air temperature on from July to September

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FIGURE 7. Scatter plots and Pearson's correlation coefficient (R) between area ratio of land cover and surface (Ts) and air temperature (Ta)

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FIGURE 8. Distribution of correlation coefficient (R) between surface and air temperature

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FIGURE 9. Correlation coefficient (R) and scatter plot of surface and air temperature for major points

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FIGURE 10. Correlation coefficient (R) and scatter plots of surface and air temperature

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FIGURE 11. Results of structural equation model (line: direct effects, dot line: indirect effects. Ta: air temperature, ts: surface temperature, **: p<0.001, )

TABLE 1. Variation in area ratio by land cover types

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