Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology

The Korean Electrochemical Society (한국전기화학회)
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Enhancement of Electrochemical Activity of Ni-rich LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 by Precisely Controlled Al2O3 Nanocoatings via Atomic Layer Deposition

  • Ramasamy, Hari Vignesh (Department of Advanced Chemicals and Engineering, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Sinha, Soumyadeep (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Optoelectronics Convergence Research Center, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Park, Jooyeon (Department of Advanced Chemicals and Engineering, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Gong, Minkyung (Department of Advanced Chemicals and Engineering, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Aravindan, Vanchiappan (Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)) ;
  • Heo, Jaeyeong (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Optoelectronics Convergence Research Center, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Yun-Sung (Department of Advanced Chemicals and Engineering, Chonnam National University)
  • Received : 2018.10.23
  • Accepted : 2018.12.18
  • Published : 2019.06.30
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Abstract

Ni-rich layered oxides $Li(Ni_xCo_yMn_z)O_2$ (x + y + z = 1) have been extensively studied in recent times owing to their high capacity and low cost and can possibly replace $LiCoO_2$ in the near future. However, these layered oxides suffer from problems related to the capacity fading, thermal stability, and safety at high voltages. In this study, we use surface coating as a strategy to improve the thermal stability at higher voltages. The uniform and conformal $Al_2O_3$ coating on prefabricated electrodes using atomic layer deposition significantly prevented surface degradation over prolonged cycling. Initial capacity of 190, 199, 188 and $166mAh\;g^{-1}$ is obtained for pristine, 2, 5 and 10 cycles of ALD coated samples at 0.2C and maintains 145, 158, 151 and $130mAh\;g^{-1}$ for high current rate of 2C in room temperature. The two-cycle $Al_2O_3$ modified cathode retained 75% of its capacity after 500 cycles at 5C with 0.05% capacity decay per cycle, compared with 46.5% retention for a pristine electrode, at an elevated temperature. Despite the insulating nature of the $Al_2O_3$ coating, a thin layer is sufficient to improve the capacity retention at a high temperature. The $Al_2O_3$ coating can prevent the detrimental surface reactions at a high temperature. Thus, the morphology of the active material is well-maintained even after extensive cycling, whereas the bare electrode undergoes severe degradation.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. XRD peaks of LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 obtained from Ecopro (Korea). (b) FE-SEM image of NCM811 with a spherical morphology (c and d). HR-TEM images of 50-cycle ALD Al2O3-modified particles.

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Fig. 2. TEM elemental mapping of LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 with two, five, and 10 cycles of ALD Al2O3 modification.

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Fig. 4. EIS spectra of ALD Al2O3-modified electrodes (a) before (inset shows the equivalent circuit) and (b) after cycling at a rate of 1 C at room temperature for 100 cycles.

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Fig. 5. FE-SEM images of the NCM811 electrode after 500 cycles at a high temperature (50℃): (a) pristine electrode and (b) Al2O3-coated electrode/

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Fig. 6. Schematic of ALD Al2O3-modified NCM811 electrode

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Fig. 3. (a, b) Charge–discharge and differential capacity plot of ALD-modified NCM811 at room temperature (0.2 C rate). (c) Rate capability studies and (d) cycling profiles of Al2O3-modified NCM811 at room temperature at a rate of 1 C. (e) Rate performance of ALD-modified NCM811 electrodes at 50℃. (f) Cycling stability of Al2O3-modified NCM811 electrodes at a rate of 5 C in elevated-temperature conditions.

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