Journal of Music and Human Behavior (인간행동과 음악연구)

Korean Music Therapy Education Association (한국음악치료교육학회)
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Reproducing Rhythmic Idioms: A Comparison Between Healthy Older Adults and Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment

리듬꼴에 따른 건강 노인과 경도인지장애 노인의 리듬 재산출 수행력 비교

  • Chong, Hyun Ju (Department of Music Therapy, Graduate School, Ewha Womans University, Ewha Music Wellness) ;
  • Lee, Eun Ji (Art Education and Therapy Institute, Ewha Womans University)
  • 정현주 (이화여자대학교 대학원 음악치료학과, 이화뮤직웰니스연구센터) ;
  • 이은지 (이화여자대학교 예술교육치료연구소)
  • Received : 2019.05.02
  • Accepted : 2019.05.24
  • Published : 2019.05.30
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Abstract

This research was conducted to compare the rhythm reproduction abilities between older adults with and without mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and analyze the abilities depending on the rhythm idiom. Participants between 60-85 years of age were recruited from senior community centers, dementia prevention centers, and senior welfare centers. A total of 57 participants were included in this study: 27 diagnosed with MCI and 30 healthy older adults (HOA). The experiment was conducted individually in a private room in which a participant was given random binary time rhythm idioms and instructed to reproduce the rhythmic idioms with finger tapping. Each participant's beat production was recorded with the Beat Processing Device (BPD) for iPad. BPD calculated rhythm reproduction as measured through rhythm ratio and error among beats. Results showed marginal differences between the two groups in terms of mean scores of rhythm reproduction abilities. In terms of the rhythm ratio among beats, both groups' highest rhythm reproduction rate was for <♩ ♩>, and their lowest reproduction rate was for <♩. ♪>. In conclusion, there was no significant difference in rhythm reproduction ability between the HOA and MCI groups. However, the study found an interesting result related to performance level of rhythmic idioms. This result provides therapeutic insight for formulating rhythm tasks for older adults.

본 연구는 건강 및 경도인지장애 노인의 리듬 재산출 수행력의 차이를 살펴보기 위해 실시되었다. 연구 대상자는 S시 및 A시 소재의 경로당, 치매안심센터, 노인 복지관 등 노인이용기관을 이용하는 만 60세 이상 85세 미만으로 자발적으로 참여를 원하는 건강 노인 30명과 경도인지장애로 진단받은 노인 27명으로 총 57명이다. 모든 검사는 개별적으로 진행되었고 리듬수행과제는 Beat Processing Device(BPD) 앱이 설치된 아이패드를 사용하였다. 본 연구에서 사용된 BPD에는 6가지 리듬꼴이 저장되어 있으며 참여자는 무작위로 재생된 리듬꼴을 듣고 동일하게 2회 재산출하였다. 재산출된 리듬은 전산적으로 저장되었으며 결과 분석을 위해 박간의 간격 비율(R)을 계산하였다. 연구 결과, 건강 노인과 경도인지장애 노인의 리듬 재산출 수행력의 평균값에는 차이가 있었으나 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 박 간의 간격 비율(R)에서 두 집단 모두 <♩ ♩>에서 일치도가 가장 높았으며, <♩. ♪>에서 그 일치도가 가장 낮았다. 수행력 전반에서 건강 노인과 경도인지장애노인 집단 간 유의한 차이는 없었으며, 리듬과제 수행 반복에 따라 두 번째 수행에서 통계적으로 유의하게 낮아진 수행력을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 건강 및 경도인지장애 노인의 리듬 재산출 수행력에 차이는 없었지만 리듬꼴에 따른 난이도를 확인할 수 있었다는 점에서 의의가 있다. 이는 추후 노인 대상 음악치료에서 리듬 연주를 구성할 시 참고할 수 있는 자료로 활용될 수 있다.

Keywords

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The R index depending on rhythm idiom during the first trial of rhythm reproduction.

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The R index depending on rhythm idiom during the second trial of rhythm reproduction.

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The R index depending on the trial in each group.

Demographic Information of Healthy Older Adults and Older Adults With MCI (N = 57)

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Rhythm Idiom and Test Items Used for Rhythm Reproduction Tasks

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Quantification of the R Index for Rhythm Reproduction Performance

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The R Index of HOA and MCI Groups During the First Trial of Rhythm Reproduction

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The R Index of HOA and MCI Groups During the Second Trial of Rhythm Reproduction

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The R Index of HOA and MCI Groups Depending on Rhythm Idiom and Trial

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