Education of Primary School Mathematics (한국수학교육학회지시리즈C:초등수학교육)

Korean Society of Mathematical Education (한국수학교육학회)
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A Comparative Study on the Relation between Using Calculators in Math Lessons and Mathematics Achievement of Elementary School Students

초등학교 수학 수업에서 계산기 사용에 대한 국가별 비교

  • Choi, Ji Sun (Korea Institute for Curriculum and Evaluation)
  • Received : 2018.11.30
  • Accepted : 2019.01.25
  • Published : 2019.01.31
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Abstract

Current mathematics curriculum of South Korea suggests that students learn mathematics in school with calculators except that the aim of the math lessons is to achieve calculation skills, but we can't be sure that elementary school students use calculators in math lessons of school. Actually we don't have enough data to identify how many elementary school students use calculators in math lessons. The aims of this study are to compare the ratio of elementary school students using calculators in math lessons of school between 20 countries and to analyse the relation between using calculators in math lessons and the achievements of math through $4^{th}$ grade mathematics test of TIMSS 2015. The results of this study are two. One is that generally $4^{th}$ grade students did not use calculators in math lessons. The other result is that generally there is no relation between using calculators in math lessons and the achievements of the math test through $4^{th}$ grade mathematics test of TIMSS 2015. Only in Hong Kong SAR, students without using calculators have higher achievements than students using calculators. In England and USA, students using calculators have higher achievements than students without using calculators. Finally, researcher in this study suggests some implications on using calculator in elementary schools.

우리나라 수학과 교육과정은 수학 수업에서 계산기를 사용하도록 권장하고 있지만, 실제 초등학교 수학 수업에서 계산기는 거의 사용되고 있지 않다. 초등학교 수학 수업의 계산기를 사용에 대한 연구는 많지 않은 편이기 때문에, 초등학교 수학 수업에서 계산기 사용에 대한 실태를 정확하게 파악하기 쉽지 않다. 이에 본 연구는 TIMSS 2015 4학년 평가에 참여한 국가들을 대상으로 초등학교 수학 수업에서 계산기 사용이 어느 정도로 사용되고 있는지, 그리고 계산기 사용과 수학 성취도 간에 관련이 있는지를 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 본 연구의 결과, 초등학교 4학년을 기준으로 우리나라는 국제적으로 수업 중에 계산기를 사용하지 않는 편이고, 홍콩, 영국, 미국을 제외한 17개국에서 수학 수업 중의 계산기 사용과 성취도와의 관계가 없었다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 초등학교 수학 수업에서의 계산기 사용에 대한 시사점을 도출하였다.

Keywords

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[그림 1] 계산기 사용 허용 비율 [Fig. 1] The ratio of admitting to use calculator in mathematics lessons.

[표 1] 국가별 계산기 도입 시기 [Table 1] The grade of beginning use of calculators

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[표 2] TIMSS 2015 표집, 참여, 학생 평균 연령 [Table 2] The sampling, participation, and the average ages of students participating in TIMSS 2015

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[표 3] 계산기 사용 허용 비율 [Table 3] The ratio of admitting to use calculators in mathematics lessons.

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[표 4] 계산기 사용 허용 여부와 성취도 관계 [Table 4] The relation between the ratio admitting to use calculators in mathematics lessons and mathematics achievement

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[표 5] 계산기 사용에 따른 국가별 카테고리 [Table 5] Categories of nations according to using calculators in mathematics lessons

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