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The Korean Society of Phycology (한국조류학회(藻類))
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Envelope development and variation in Trachelomonas hispida (Euglenophyta)

  • Poniewozik, Malgorzata (Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin) ;
  • Zieba, Emil (Laboratory of Confocal and Electron Microscopy, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin) ;
  • Sajnaga, Ewa (Laboratory of Biocontrol, Production and Application of Entomopathogenic Nematodes, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin)
  • Received : 2018.03.20
  • Accepted : 2018.11.09
  • Published : 2018.12.15
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Abstract

In Trachelomonas hispida, the adult envelope that surrounds the monad is oval in shape and covered with spines. Development of the lorica is an interesting, but poorly known phenomenon. We observed in detail the formation of spineless envelopes of T. hispida using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that young cells formed delicate and net-like envelopes. The structure changed with age, and mature specimens had solid, thick loricae with small pores. As the loricae aged, they changed their shape, and rope-like fibres from the external layer started to unwind, progressing from the apical pore, exposing the underlying net-like structure. X-ray spectrometry showed that Fe was the major mineral component in young and mature loricae, whereas old loricae did not contain Fe salts, although they did contain a high number of Mn compounds. We also noticed a different pattern of mineralization process in the envelopes. Apart from the even distribution of mineral deposition over the entire lorica, we observed that it started from the apical pore and ended at the posterior end. There was considerable morphological variation in envelope shape and ornamentation, which had collars and folds around the apical pore and process at the posterior end. This suggested that many varieties of T. hispida should be taxonomically reappraised. We also discuss a hypothetical role for the spines on lorica surfaces in aquatic ecosystems.

Keywords

References

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