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Polyphasic delimitation of a filamentous marine genus, Capillus gen. nov. (Cyanobacteria, Oscillatoriaceae) with the description of two Brazilian species

  • Caires, Taiara A. (Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Botanica, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana) ;
  • Lyra, Goia de M. (Laboratorio de Algas Marinhas (LAMAR), Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia) ;
  • Hentschke, Guilherme S. (Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA)) ;
  • da Silva, Aaron Matheus S. (Laboratorio de Algas Marinhas (LAMAR), Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia) ;
  • de Araujo, Valter L. (Laboratorio de Algas Marinhas (LAMAR), Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia) ;
  • Sant'Anna, Celia L. (Instituto de Botanica, Nucleo de Pesquisa em Ficologia) ;
  • Nunes, Jose Marcos de C. (Laboratorio de Algas Marinhas (LAMAR), Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia)
  • Received : 2017.10.08
  • Accepted : 2018.11.25
  • Published : 2018.12.15
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Abstract

Lyngbya C. Agardh ex Gomont is a nonheterocytous cyanobacterial genus whose evolutionary history is still poorly known. The traditionally defined Lyngbya has been demonstrated to be polyphyletic, including at least five distinct clades, some of which have been proposed as new genera. Intraspecific diversity is also clearly underestimated in Lyngbya due to the lack of unique morphological characters to differentiate species. In this study, we describe the new genus Capillus T. A. Caires, C. L. Sant'Anna et J. M. C. Nunes from benthic marine environments, including two new Brazilian species (here described as C. salinus T. A. Caires, C. L. Sant'Anna et J. M. C. Nunes, and C. tropicalis T. A. Caires, C. L. Sant'Anna et J. M. C. Nunes), and two species yet to be described, one of them from India (Capillus sp. 2.1), and the other from United States of America, based on strain PCC 7419. Capillus species presented cross-wise diagonal fragmentation, assisted or not by necridic cells, which has not been previously mentioned for Lyngbya. Ultrastructural analyses showed that C. salinus and C. tropicalis have numerous gas vesicles, which are rarely described for benthic marine species. The new genus formed a well-supported clade, and the D1-D1' and Box B secondary structures of internal transcribed spacer also supported the proposal of its new species. These findings help to clarify the diversity of species in the Lyngbya complex and the taxonomy of the group, and highlight the need of further floristic surveys in tropical coastal environments, which remain poorly studied.

Keywords

References

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