Journal of Nutrition and Health

The Korean Nutrition Society (한국영양학회)
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Comparison of nutrients and food intakes of young children according to lunch places: based on the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

유아의 점심 식사장소에 따른 영양소 및 식품 섭취량의 비교 : 제5기 국민건강영양조사 자료를 이용하여

  • Received : 2018.05.25
  • Accepted : 2018.06.04
  • Published : 2018.06.30
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Abstract

Purpose: This study examined whether there was a difference in the nutrients and food intake of young children depending on their lunch places. Methods: The dietary survey data of the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010 ~ 2012) were used. The children were grouped into either a child care center lunch group (n = 728) or home lunch group (n = 592) and their nutrients and food intakes were compared. Results: No differences in the 24-hr energy intake and energy intakes from lunch and dinner according to the lunch places were observed. The percentage of breakfast energy was lower in the child care center lunch group, whereas the percentage of snack energy was higher. In children aged 3 ~ 5 years, the sodium, potassium, and vitamin C intakes were high in the child care center lunch group. The 1 ~ 2 years and 3 ~ 5 year old children's vegetable intake from lunch was significantly higher in the child care center lunch group than in the home lunch group. Children aged 3 ~ 5 years in the child care center lunch group consumed more beans and fish at lunch. The adequacy of nutrients and food diversity of child care center lunch appear better than home lunch. Conclusion: Parents and care providers need to make efforts to use diverse foods, such as vegetables and fish, in children's meals to provide balanced diets and promote healthy eating behaviors to their children.

본 연구는 유아의 점심 식사장소에 따라 영양소와 식품섭취량에 차이가 있는지를 조사하였다. 제5기 (2010 ~ 2012년) 국민건강영양조사 원시자료를 이용하여 개인별 24시간 회상에 의한 식품섭취조사 항목 중에서 점심 식사장소가 유아원/유치원일 경우 보육기관 점심식사군으로, 점심 식사장소가 가정과 이웃집/친척집일 경우 가정 점심식사군으로 나누어 복합표본설계 요소를 반영한 통계분석을 실시하였다. 대상자수는 1~2세에서 보육기관 점심식사군 179명, 가정 점심식사군 367명이었고, 3 ~ 5세에서 보육기관 점심식사군 549명, 가정 점심식사군 225명이었다. 연령군별 하루 총에너지섭취량, 점심과 저녁 식사로부터 에너지 섭취량은 두 집단 간 차이가 없었으나, 아침 에너지섭취비율이 보육기관 점심식사군에서 낮은 반면에 간식 에너지섭취비율은 더 높았다. 3 ~ 5세 유아에서는 나트륨, 칼륨 및 비타민 C 섭취량이 보육기관 점심식사군에서 많았으며, 리보플라빈 섭취량은 가정 점심식사군에서 유의하게 많았다. 점심으로부터 섭취한 식품군을 비교한 결과 1~2세 보육기관 점심식사군에서 채소류 섭취량이 유의하게 많은 반면에 과일류, 난류, 우유류 섭취량은 가정 점심식사군에서 많았다. 3 ~ 5세 보육기관 점심식사군의 점심으로부터 채소류, 두류, 어패류 섭취량이 유의하게 많은 반면에 우유류 섭취량은 가정 점심식사군에서 많았다. 3~5세 유아들이 보육기관 점심으로부터 채소류, 두류, 어패류를 더 많이 섭취하고 칼륨과 비타민 C를 많이 섭취하여 보육기관 점심이 영양소 균형과 식품 다양성 측면에서 가정 점심보다 나은 것으로 판단된다. 결론적으로 유아의 성장 발육을 위한 적절한 영양 공급은 물론, 올바른 식습관 형성을 위해서 보육기관 급식은 물론, 가정 식사에서도 채소류, 생선류 등 다양한 식재료를 활용하는 노력이 요구된다.

Keywords

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