Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology (한국응용과학기술학회지)

The Korean Society of Applied Science and Technology (한국응용과학기술학회)
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Combustion Characteristics of Bio Emulsion Fuel

바이오에멀젼 연료의 연소 특성

  • Kim, Moon-Chan (Department of Environmental Engineering,Cheongju University)
  • 김문찬 (청주대학교 환경공학과)
  • Received : 2018.09.05
  • Accepted : 2018.12.21
  • Published : 2018.12.31
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Abstract

Water soluble oil was obtained from the pyrolysis of coconut waste as a biomass at $600^{\circ}C$. It was studied that the combustion characteristics of bio-emulsion fuel by mixing and emulsifying 15~20% of water soluble oil which obtained from pyrolysis of coconut waste as a biomass and MDO(marine diesel oil) as a marine fuel. Engine dynamometer was used for detecting emissions, temperature, and power. The temperature of combustion chamber was decreased because the moisture in bio-emulsion fuel deprived of heat of evaporation in combustion chamber. While combustion, micro-explosion took place in the combustion chamber by water in the bio-emulsion fuel, MDO fuel scattered to micro particles and it caused to smoke reduction. The temperature reduction of combustion chamber by using bio-emulsion fuel reduced the NOx emission. The increasing of bio-oil content caused increasing water content in bio-emulsion fuel so total calorific value was reduced. So the characteristics of power was decreased in proportion to using the increasing amount of bio-emulsion fuel. Heavy oil as a marine fuel exhausts a lot of smoke and NOx. We expect that we can reduce the exhaust gas of marine engine such as smoke and NOx by using of bio-emulsion fuel as a marine fuel.

본 연구에서는 바이오매스로서 코코넛 폐기물을 $600^{\circ}C$에서 열분해하여 생성된 수상오일(water soluble oil)을 얻었다. 선박유로 사용되는 MDO(Marine Diesel Oil)와 바이오매스로서 코코넛 폐기물을 열분해하여 생성된 수상오일을 MDO에 15~20% 까지 혼합 후 유화시켜 제조된 바이오에멀젼 연료의 연소 특성에 대하여 연구 하였다. 엔진 배출가스 및 온도, 출력을 측정하기 위하여 엔진 다이나모메터를 사용하였다. 바이오에멀젼 연료는 수분이 함유되어 있어서 연소실내의 기화잠열을 빼앗아가 배출가스의 온도를 낮춰주는 것으로 나타났다. 바이오에멀젼 연료에 함유된 수분이 연소실내에서 미세폭발을 일으켜 연료를 잘게 쪼개어 주어 매연을 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 바이오에멀젼 연료의 사용으로 연소실내의 온도 감소는 질소산화물 배출을 저감하는 것으로 나타났다. 바이오오일 함유량이 증가 하면 수분함량도 증가하여 전체 발열량이 줄어들게 된다. 따라서 출력이 바이오에멀젼 연료 사용량에 비례하여 감소하는 특성을 나타내었다. 선박용 연료로 사용되는 중질유는 매연과 질소산화물을 많이 배출한다. 선박용 연료로 바이오에멀젼 연료를 사용하면 매연과 질소산화물 배출을 줄여줄 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Biomass pyrolysis system.

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Fig. 2. Preparation process of emulsified fuel.

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Fig. 3. Destabilization phenomena.

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Fig. 4. Photograph of engine dynamo.

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Fig. 5. Schematic of experiment systems.

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Fig. 6. Stability curve of MDO-15 at 30°C.

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Fig. 7. Stability curve of MDO-20 at 30°C.

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Fig. 8. NOx reduction on each load.

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Fig. 9. Temperature changes on each ND-13 mode of 1,500rpm.

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Fig. 10. Temperature changes on each ND-13 mode of 2,000rpm.

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Fig. 11. Smoke emission of each fuel of 1,500rpm.

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Fig. 12. Smoke emission of each fuel of 2,000rpm.

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Fig. 13. Total reduction rate on each emulsion fuel.

Table 1. Property of marine diesel oil(MDO)

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Table 2. Property of emulsion fuel

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Table 3. Specification of test engine

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