Korean journal of applied entomology (한국응용곤충학회지)

Korean Society of Applied Entomology (한국응용곤충학회)
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Sexual Maturity Time of Reproductive Organ Development and Mating in the Korean Native Bumblebee, Bombus ignitus

생식기관과 교미에 의한 국내산 호박벌(Bombus ignitus)의 성적 성숙시기

  • Yoon, Hyung Joo (Department of Agricultural Biology, The National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA) ;
  • Lee, Kyeong Yong (Department of Agricultural Biology, The National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA) ;
  • Ko, Hyeon-Jin (Department of Agricultural Biology, The National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA)
  • 윤형주 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생물부 곤충산업과) ;
  • 이경용 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생물부 곤충산업과) ;
  • 고현진 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생물부 곤충산업과)
  • Received : 2018.10.23
  • Accepted : 2018.11.14
  • Published : 2018.12.01
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Abstract

To increase the mating rate of Bombus ignitus used as insect pollinator, we investigated the sexual maturity time of B. ignitus. In investigating ovary development such as the number of eggs per ovariole and spermatheca size, the time of sexual maturity of queen was 10 days after eclosion. In case of male, the number of sperm was 246 thousand at immediately after eclosion, and was highest as 480 thousand at 9 days, and tended to show a dramatic decline at 35 days (87 thousand). The more mating time, the less the number of sperm. In consideration of number of sperms, the time of sexual maturity of male was 3-15 days after eclosion. In the sexual maturity time of queen in mating, the queen was not mated at immediately after eclosion, and showed a decrease in 20 days. In terms of the rate of mating and oviposition, the favorable time for mating of queen was 9-20 days. On the other hand, the male showed 3.3% of mating at immediately after ecolosion, showed the highest of 43.3% at 6 days after eclosion, and tended to decrease in 25 days. The sexual maturity time for mating of male was 6-20 days. In summary, our results indicate that sexual maturity time of B. ignitus in reproductive organs and mating is most favorable in 9-12 days after eclosion for queen and 6-9 days for male.

화분매개곤충인 호박벌(B. ignitus)의 교미율을 높이기 위하여 생식기관 발육과 교미에 의한 성적 성숙시기를 조사하였다. 난소 소관 당 알수와 수정낭 크기 등 난소 발육으로 볼 때, 여왕벌의 성적 성숙시기는 우화 10일 이내이었다. 수벌의 정자수는 우화당일에 24.6만개이었고, 우화 9일째가 48.0만개 정도로 가장 많았으며, 우화 35일(8.7만개) 이후 정자수가 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 또한 교미횟수가 증가함에 따라 정자수가 줄어드는 것을 알 수 있었다. 수벌의 정자수에 의한 성적 성숙시기는 우화 3~15일이었다. 교미에 의한 성적 성숙시기 조사결과, 여왕벌은 우화직후에는 전혀 교미를 하지 않았으며, 우화 20일 이후에는 교미율이 떨어지는 경향을 보였다. 교미율과 산란율 등으로 볼 때 여왕벌의 교미에 적합한 시기는 우화 9~20일이었다. 반면에 수벌은 우화 직후에도 3.3% 교미하였으며, 우화 6일째가 43.3%로 가장 높았으며, 우화 25일 이후부터는 감소하는 경향이었다. 교미율과 산란율 등으로 볼 때, 수벌의 교미 성숙시기는 우화 6~20일이었다. 이상의 생식기관 발육과 교미에 의한 봉세발달 등으로 볼 때 호박벌 여왕벌의 최적 성적 성숙시기는 우화 9~12일, 수벌은 우화 6~9일로 판단된다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Ovarioles (A) and eggs (B) of mated B. ignitus queen.

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Fig. 2. Comparison of spermatheca of non-mated (A) and mated (B) B. ignitus queen.

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Fig. 3. The sperm of non-mated B. ignitus male. Arrow, sperm; scale bar, 20 μm.

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Fig. 4. The number of sperm at age of non-mated B. ignitus males. The testes of three non-mated B. ignitus males were alloted for each experimental age of male regime. There was significant difference in sperm number at age of non-mated males at P < 0.0001 using the oneway ANOVA test.

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Fig. 5. The number of sperm of B. ignitus male at number of mating. The testes of three B. ignitus males were alloted for each experimental number of mating regime. There was significant difference in sperm number at number of mating at P < 0.0001 using the oneway ANOVA test.

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Fig. 6. Mating rate at the age of B. ignitus queens and males. The mating rate was investigated 10:00 to 12:00 at the first day of mating periods. There was significant difference in mating rate at the age of queens at P < 0.05 using the Chi-square test.

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Fig. 7. Oviposition rate at the age of B. ignitus queens and males. There was significant difference in colony development at the age of queens at P < 0.05 using the Chi-square test.

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Fig. 8. Mating rate at the mating time zone of B. ignitus males. The mating rate was investigated 09:00 to 17:00 at the first day of mating periods. The mating age of queen and male were 6 days and 9 days, respectively. There was significant difference in mating rate at mating time zone of males at P < 0.0001 using the Chi-square test.

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Fig. 9. Mating duration at the age of B. ignitus males. The mating age of queen was 6 days. There was significant difference in mating rate at the age of queens at P < 0.05 using the oneway ANOVA test.

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Fig. 10. Mating rate at the number of mating of B. ignitus males. The mating ages of queen and male were 6 days and 9 days, respectively. There was significant difference in mating rate at the age of queens at P < 0.0001 using the Chi-square test.

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Fig. 11. Mating duration at the number of mating of B. ignitus males. The mating ages of queen and male were 6 days and 9 days, respectively. There was significant difference in mating rate at the age of queens at P < 0.0001 using the oneway ANOVA test.

Table 1. The number of eggs per ovariole at age of non-mated B. ignitus queen

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Table 2. The number of eggs per ovariole at age of mated B. ignitus queen

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Table 3. Comparison of spermatheca size at age of non-mated and mated B. ignitus queen

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