Korean journal of applied entomology (한국응용곤충학회지)

Korean Society of Applied Entomology (한국응용곤충학회)
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Ecological Replacement of Native Rapeseed Weevil (Ceutorhynchus albosuturalis) by Invasive Alien Species, Cabbage Seedpod Weevil (C. obstrictus) on Rapeseed Flowers in Korea

유채 꽃에서 자생종 유채좁쌀바구미(Ceutorhynchus albosuturalis)의 외래침입종 유럽좁쌀바구미(C. obstrictus)로의 생태적 대체

  • Kim, Kyongyoung (Department of Plant Medicine, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Lee, Wonhoon (Department of Plant Medicine and Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Hong, Ki-Jeong (Department of Plant Medicine, Sunchon National University)
  • 김경용 (순천대학교 식물의학과) ;
  • 이원훈 (경상대학교 식물의학과 농생명과학연구소) ;
  • 홍기정 (순천대학교 식물의학과)
  • Received : 2018.10.01
  • Accepted : 2018.11.08
  • Published : 2018.12.01
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Abstract

Despite rising global concerns over the potential impacts of invasive alien species on indigenous species, the consequences of such introductions are lacking. The cabbage seedpod weevil (CSPW, Ceutorhynchus obstrictus) was found invaded into Korea in the early of 1990s. A large-scale survey in Korea reveals that, in about 20 years post-arrival, the invasive CSPW has become the most abundant on rape flowers and spread almost parts of South Korea including Is. Jeju and Is. Ulleung. Its spread is concurrent with the habitat retraction to cruciferous weeds of the native rapseed weevil (RSW, C. albosuturalis). However, Is. Yeoseo located between the mainland and Is. Jeju, showed their ratio with about 1:1. It suggests that the population of CSPW recently entered this island. Although underlying mechanisms of the decline of native species and increase of invaded species remain unknown, the potential roles of exploitative competition cannot be ruled out. Given that invasive weevil can rapidly replace native congeners, increased level of surveillances is demanding to discourage further invasion of othe alien pests.

외래침입종이 자생종에 미치는 잠재적인 영향에 관하여 세계적인 관심이 증가하고 있음에도 그러한 침입의 결과들은 여전히 부족한 실정이다. 유럽좁쌀바구미(cabbage seedpod weevil, CSPW, Ceutorhynchus obstrictus)는 1990년대 초에 한반도에 침입하였다. 침입 후 20여 년 동안 관찰과 2010년 이후 중점적인 조사를 통해 유채 꽃에서 침입종인 유럽좁쌀바구미가 가장 우점을 이루고 있으며, 제주도와 울릉도를 포함한 남한 전역으로 확산되어 있다. 그의 확산은 자생종인 유채좁쌀바구미(rapseed weevil, RSW, C. albosuturalis)의 냉이 등 십자화과 잡초로 서식처 후퇴가 맞물려 일어나고 있다. 한편, 한반도와 제주도 사이에 위치한 여서도는 현재 그들의 비율이 약 1:1로 나타나고 있어 이 섬에는 유럽좁쌀바구미가 최근에 유입된 것으로 보인다. 자생종의 생태적 지위(ecological niche)가 외래침입종으로 대체되는 근본적인 기작은 확실하게 알 수 없지만, 자원경쟁(exploitative competition)의 잠재적인 역할을 배제할 수는 없을 것이다. 자연생태계 내에서 외래침입종이 자생종을 신속하게 대체하고 있음을 확인한 이 결과는 앞으로 또 다른 외래종의 침입 방지 노력을 요구하고 있다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Developmental stages of Ceutorhynchus obstrictus (cabbage seedpod weevil, CSPW) in rapeseed. A, Adults gathering to flowers; B, Oviposition symptom in the silique; C, Egg into the silique; D, 1st larval instar; E-F, Mature larva and damage to seeds; G, Exit holes of larvae; H, Ovipositing.

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Fig. 2. Distribution map of an invaded weevil, Ceutorhynchus obstrictus (cabbage seedpod weevil, CSPW) collected in 2018.

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Fig. 3. Ratios of Ceutorhynchus albosuturalis (rapeseed weevil, RSW) to C. obstrictus (cabbage seedpod weevil, CSPW) collected on rape flowers in Jeju-do, during March 21-23, 2014, and in Yeose-do Jeonnam province on May 5 and Jeju-do during March 9 to May 13, 2018.

Table 1. Specimen data of Ceutorhynchus albosuturalis (rapeseed weevil, RSW) and C. obstrictus (cabbage seedpod weevil, CSPW) collected on rape flowers in Korea

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