Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies (한국지리정보학회지)

The Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies (한국지리정보학회)
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Comparison of ASTER Satellite and Ground-Based Surface Temperature Measurements for Urban Heat Island Studies

도시열섬연구를 위한 ASTER 위성영상과 지표면의 표면온도 비교

  • Song, Bong-Geun (Disaster Scientific Investigation Division, National Disaster Management Research Institute) ;
  • Park, Kyung-Hun (Department of Environmental Engineering, Changwon National University)
  • 송봉근 (국립재난안전연구원 재난원인조사실) ;
  • 박경훈 (창원대학교 환경공학과)
  • Received : 2017.08.31
  • Accepted : 2017.09.25
  • Published : 2017.09.30
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Abstract

This study aimed to validate the ASTER surface temperature using field measurements over various land use types in the urban area of Changwon City, South Korea. The ASTER surface temperature was measured by collecting eight images during daytime and nighttime in June and September from 2012 to 2014, and field measurements were conducted over the same period when the satellite images were taken. The analyses showed that the surface temperature measured in the field during the daytime was higher than that of satellite imageries by $5{\sim}10^{\circ}C$, and the gap was higher in built-up areas. The calibration models of surface temperature showed a 60% explanatory power in areas other than parks, indicating that the models are reliable. During nighttime, except for the summer month of August, ASTER surface temperature was determined to be approximately $2^{\circ}C$ higher in contrast to daytime.

본 연구는 대한민국 창원시의 도시지역을 대상으로 현장에서 측정된 표면온도자료를 활용하여 토지이용유형별로 ASTER 표면온도 자료의 정확성을 분석하고 보정모형을 도출하고자 하였다. 토지이용유형은 공원과 상업시설, 단독주택, 아파트를 고려하여 총 8개를 선정하였다. ASTER 표면 온도는 2012년부터 2014년까지 6월과 9월에 촬영된 주간 및 야간의 8개 영상을 수집하였고, 현장측정은 위성영상이 촬영된 시간과 동일한 시기에 실시하였다. 또한 현장에서 측정된 표면온도의 방사보정을 위해 5일 동안 21개의 토지피복재질에 대해 방사율을 측정하였다. 주간시간은 현장에서 측정된 표면온도가 위성영상의 것보다 약 $5{\sim}10^{\circ}C$ 정도 높았고, 건물의 밀집된 지역일수록 차이가 큰 것으로 분석되었다. 표면온도 보정모형은 도시공원을 제외한 나머지 지역에서 설명력이 60%로 모형의 신뢰성이 있다고 분석되었다. 야간시간은 여름철인 8월을 제외하고 주간시간과 반대로 ASTER 표면온도가 약 $2^{\circ}C$ 다소 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 그러므로 위성영상의 표면온도를 활용하기 위해서는 반드시 현장자료를 바탕으로 정확성을 검증하고 보정할 필요가 있다. 본 연구의 결과는 이러한 측면에서 매우 의미가 있으며, 앞으로 도시지역의 열섬 문제를 개선하기 위해 도시 및 환경계획 분야에서 활용가치가 뛰어날 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

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