Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education (한국과학교육학회지)

The Korean Association for Science Education (한국과학교육학회)
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The Analysis of Relationship between Science Contents and Cognitive Domain of Students in Elementary Schools Through Multiple Choice items of TIMSS 2011

TIMSS 2011의 선다형 공개 문항을 통한 초등학생의 과학 내용영역과 인지영역의 관계 분석

  • Received : 2015.05.28
  • Accepted : 2015.06.18
  • Published : 2015.06.30
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Abstract

This research is for acquiring implications to science education based on learner's characteristics by analyzing the relationship between contents on science learning and cognitive domain of students in elementary schools through TIMSS 2011-based academic achievement test. Forty one multiple choice items from by TIMSS 2011 were used on 317 primary school students, fourth to sixth grade, and according to grade and achievement level of research targets, test results were analyzed. With these data, the relationship between contents on science learning and the score by cognitive domains, and through correlation by items, we drew static and negative correlations, and then compared the value. The result are as follows: First, other fields except for 'physical science' and 'inference' revealed meaningful differences by learners' grade, and the interrelationship between all contents domains and cognitive fields also appeared statically different. Second, both achievement level of contents and cognition of learners presented significant differences, but the correlation between scientific contents and cognitive field of learners showed different aspects. Third, in static and negative correlation by items, the complexity and their aspects could be classified by targets' academic achievement levels.

이 연구는 TIMSS 2011을 기초한 학업성취도평가를 통하여 초등학생의 과학학습에 대한 내용영역과 인지영역의 관계를 분석하여, 학습자의 특성에 따른 과학교육에 시사점을 얻고자 하였다. 초등학생 4~6학년 317명을 대상으로 TIMSS 2011에서 공개된 총 41개의 선택형 문항으로 검사를 실시하여, 연구대상의 학년과 학업성취수준에 따라 평가 결과를 수집하였다. 이러한 자료를 바탕으로 연구대상의 특성에 따라 과학학습의 내용영역과 인지영역별 점수와 상관관계를 분석하고, 문항별 상관관계도를 통해 정적상관관계와 부적상관관계로 구분하여 그 결과를 비교하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 연구대상의 학년에 따라 과학학습의 '물상과학'과 '추론하기'영역을 제외한 나머지 영역에서 유의미한 차이를 보였으며, 모든 내용영역과 인지영역별 상관관계도 연구대상의 학년에 따라 통계적으로 유의미한 상관관계를 나타내었다. 둘째, 연구대상의 학업성취수준에 따른 내용 및 인지영역의 차이는 모두 유의미한 차이를 보였으나, 연구대상의 학업성취수준과 과학학습의 내용 및 인지영역에 따른 상관관계의 양상은 서로 다르게 나타났다. 셋째, 문항별 정적상관관계도와 부적상관관계도에서 문항별 상관관계의 복잡성과 양상이 연구대상의 학업성취수준에 따라 뚜렷하게 구분되었다.

Keywords

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