Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry

The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistry (한국응용생명화학회)
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Monitoring and Risk Assessment of Pesticide Residues for Circulated Agricultural Commodities in Korea-2013

국내 유통 농산물의 잔류농약 모니터링 및 위해평가-2013년

  • Kim, Jae-Young (Pesticide and Veterinary Drug Residues Division, Department of Food Safety Evaluation, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Mok (Pesticide and Veterinary Drug Residues Division, Department of Food Safety Evaluation, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Lee, Han-Jin (Pesticide and Veterinary Drug Residues Division, Department of Food Safety Evaluation, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Chang, Moon-Ik (Pesticide and Veterinary Drug Residues Division, Department of Food Safety Evaluation, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Kang, Nam-Sook (Hazardous Substances Analysis Team, Center for Food and Drug Analysis, Busan Regional Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Kim, Nam-Sun (Hazardous Substances Analysis Team, Center for Food and Drug Analysis, Gyeongin Regional Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Kim, Heejung (Pesticide and Veterinary Drug Residues Division, Department of Food Safety Evaluation, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Cho, Yoon-Jae (Pesticide and Veterinary Drug Residues Division, Department of Food Safety Evaluation, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Jeong, Jiyoon (Pesticide and Veterinary Drug Residues Division, Department of Food Safety Evaluation, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Kim, Mee Kyung (Pesticide and Veterinary Drug Residues Division, Department of Food Safety Evaluation, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Rhee, Gyu-Seek (Pesticide and Veterinary Drug Residues Division, Department of Food Safety Evaluation, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety)
  • Received : 2013.12.18
  • Accepted : 2014.02.20
  • Published : 2014.09.30
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Abstract

The purpose of this study is the establishment of scientific processes for making food safety policies. Thus, we investigated pesticide residue level of the agricultural commodities from market, and performed risk assessment. Fifteen agricultural items are chosen based on the frequency of Korean consumption. The samples were collected from 9 cities where populations are more than one million. Total 283 active ingredients were monitoring ( total sample number =232). Single-analysis of target pesticides was for three kinds of possible growth regulators and the multicomponent analysis was for 280 kinds of pesticides, a total of 283 species were selected to perform the pesticide residues. Before monitoring the analytes, the improvements of the analytical methods were done by method validations under the CODEX analytical method development guidelines and can produce metrics that represent the international standards applied in accordance with the guidelines. In addition to residual pesticides detected during monitoring we compare the ADI to EDI values using detected result and dietary consumption data which is extracted from annual market basket survey. The 163 samples were non-detected in the total 232 samples so it means that every agricultural commodity will residual pesticides-free in 70.3%. The detected residual pesticides showed for a total of 69 cases (29.7%). Two of samples violate Korean MRL (0.9%). The ratio of EDI compared to ADI resulted in only from 0.00087 to 0.902%. In result, we can assume that all detected residual pesticides are very safe level and current policies of Korean pesticides control may be working.

본 연구는 국내 유통 농산물의 잔류농약 실태를 조사파악하고, 위해평가 등의 안전성 평가를 수행한 후 정부차원에서의 식품 위생/안전 정책 수립의 과학적 근거를 마련하고자 수행되었다. 시료 수거는 인구 백만 이상의 전국 9개 지역(서울, 부산, 인천, 대구, 대전, 광주, 울산, 창원 및 수원)을 선정한 후, 다소비 식품 중 대표적인 농산물 15품목(쌀, 감자, 대두, 사과, 배, 오렌지, 복숭아, 딸기, 바나나, 수박, 토마토, 오이, 애호박, 깻잎 및 무)을 선별하여 총 232건의 농산물을 수거하였다. 대상 농약은 단성분 분석으로 가능한 생장조정제 3종(dichlorprop, ethychlozate 및 6-benzylaminopurine) 및 다종다성분 분석 농약 280종, 총 283종을 선정하여 잔류농약 모니터링을 수행하였다. 분석 대상 농약들은 모니터링에 앞서 분석법을 개선하고 분석검체를 대표할 수 있는 농산물에 적용하여 국제적 기준인 CODEX 분석법 가이드라인에 준하여 분석법 검증을 수행한 후, 잔류농약 모니터링 분석법으로 사용하였다. 또한 모니터링에서 검출된 잔류농약을 대상으로 1일 섭취허용량(acceptable daily intake, ADI) 대비 1일 추정섭취량(estimated daily intake, EDI) 값으로 위해 평가를 수행하였다. 잔류농약 모니터링을 수행한 결과, 수거된 농산물 총 232건 중 163건(70.3%)에서는 농약이 검출되지 않았으며, 69건(29.7%)에서 잔류농약이 검출되었다. 검출된 농약 중 2건은 MRL을 초과하여 0.9%의 부적합률을 나타내었다. MRL을 초과한 잔류농약은 깻잎에서 검출된 chlorpyrifos와 복숭아에서 검출된 picoxystrobin이었으며, 부적합으로 나타난 chlorpyrifos 및 picoxystrobin을 포함한 검출 농약 33종에 대해 위해평가를 수행한 결과, ADI 대비 EDI는 0.00087~0.902%의 범위를 나타내었다. 이러한 결과를 통해 검출된 모든 농약은 위해도가 매우 낮은 것으로 판단됐으며, 유통되는 농산물은 잔류농약 측면에서 안전한 수준임을 확인하였다.

Keywords

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