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Influence of Bicarbonate Concentrations in Nutrient Solution on the Growth, Occurrence of Daughter Plants and Nutrient Uptake in Vegetative Propagation of 'Seolhyang' Strawberry

양액의 중탄산 농도가 '설향' 딸기의 생육, 자묘 발생 및 무기이온 흡수에 미치는 영향

  • Lee, Hee Su (Department of Horticultural Science, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Choi, Jong Myung (Department of Horticultural Science, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Tae Il (Nonsan Strawberry Experiment Station, Chungcheongnam-go Agricultural Research & Extension Services) ;
  • Kim, Hyun Sook (Nonsan Strawberry Experiment Station, Chungcheongnam-go Agricultural Research & Extension Services) ;
  • Lee, In Ha (Nonsan Strawberry Experiment Station, Chungcheongnam-go Agricultural Research & Extension Services)
  • 이희수 (충남대학교 원예학과) ;
  • 최종명 (충남대학교 원예학과) ;
  • 김태일 (충청남도농업기술원 논산딸기시험장) ;
  • 김현숙 (충청남도농업기술원 논산딸기시험장) ;
  • 이인하 (충청남도농업기술원 논산딸기시험장)
  • Received : 2013.05.17
  • Accepted : 2014.02.05
  • Published : 2014.04.30

Abstract

The objective of this research was to investigate the influence of bicarbonate ($HCO_3{^-}$) concentrations in nutrient solution on the growth and physiological disorders in mother plants and occurrence of daughter plants in propagation of 'Seolhyang' strawberry (Fragaria ${\times}$ ananassa Duch.). To achieve this, the mother plants were transplanted to coir dust + perlite (7:3, v/v) medium and Hoagland solution was modified to contain 60, 90 (control), 120, 180, and $240mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ of $HCO_3{^-}$. The symptoms of Fe, Zn and B deficiencies appeared on the mother plants in the $HCO_3{^-}$ of $240mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ from the 60th day after treatment. The symptoms spread to all plants in the $240mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ $HCO_3{^-}$ including daughter plants at 90 days after treatment. The$HCO_3{^-}$ concentrations higher than $120mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ suppressed the growth of mother plants such as leaf number, chlorophyll content, fresh weight and other growth parameters. While the mother plants in $60mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ $HCO_3{^-}$ produced 23 daughter plants, while mother plants in $240mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ $HCO_3{^-}$ produced 13 daughter plants. The final pH 126 days after treatment in the $HCO_3{^-}$ of 60, 90, 120, 180 and $240mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ were 5.4, 5.8, 7.3, 7.9, and 8.3, respectively. The elevation of $HCO_3{^-}$ concentrations in nutrient solution resulted in the decrease of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu contents of above ground tissue 126 days after treatment. These results indicate that the $HCO_3{^-}$ concentrations higher than $120mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ inhibited the growth of mother plants and occurrence of daughter plants in vegetative propagation of 'Seolhyang' strawberry.

양액의 중탄산 농도가 '설향' 딸기의 번식에서 모주의 생장과 생리장해 발현, 그리고 자묘 발생에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 본 연구를 수행하였다. 연구목적을 달성하기 위해 Hoagland 용액을 변형시켜 중탄산 농도가 60, 90(대조구), 120, 180 및 $240mmg{\cdot}L^{-1}$가 되도록 용액을 조제하고, coir dust + perlite(7:3) 상토에 관비하였다. 중탄산 농도가 $240mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$인 처리에서는 처리 60일 후부터 모주에 Fe, Zn 및 B 결핍 증상이 발생하였다. 처리 90일 후에는 자묘를 포함한 모든 식물체로 증상이 확산되었다. 처리 126일 후 조사한 식물 생육에서 관개수의 중탄산 농도가 $120mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 이상으로 높아질수록 엽수, 엽록소 함량 및 생체중 등 조사한 모든 생육지표에서 저조한 경향이었다. 처리 후 126일 동안 발생한 자묘수는 $60mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 처리가 모주당 23개체였지만, $240mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 처리에서는 13개체로 적었다. 처리 126일 후 중탄산 농도를 60 및 $90mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$로 조절한 처리의 근권부 pH는 5.4와 5.8로 낮아졌지만, 120, 180 및 $240mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 처리는 각각 7.3, 7.9 및 8.2로 상승하였다. 지상부 식물체의 무기물 함량에서 중탄산 농도가 높을수록 Fe, Mn, Zn 및 Cu의 함량이 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 이상의 연구결과에서 양액의 중탄산 농도가 $120mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 이상으로 높아질 경우 '설향' 딸기의 모주 생육과 자묘 발생을 억제하였으며, 이를 중화시키기 위한 적절한 조치를 취해야 한다고 판단하였다.

Keywords

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