ETRI Journal

Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (한국전자통신연구원)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

RMS Detector of Multiharmonic Signals

  • Petrovic, Predrag B. (Faculty of Technical Sciences Cacak, University of Kragujevac)
  • Received : 2012.06.27
  • Accepted : 2012.09.06
  • Published : 2013.06.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This paper presents a new realization of the implicit root-mean-square (RMS) detector, employing three second-generation current conveyors and MOS transistors. The proposed circuit can be applied in measuring the RMS value of complex, periodic signals, represented in the form of the Fourier series. To verify the theoretical analysis, circuit Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis simulations and experiment results are included, showing agreement with the theory.

Keywords

References

  1. R.B. Northrop, Analog Electronics Circuits, Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1990.
  2. P. Heavey and C. Whitney, "RMS Measuring Principles in the Application of Protective Relaying and Metering," Proc. 57th Annu. Conf. Protective Relay Eng., 2004, pp. 469-489.
  3. U. Pogliana, "Precision Measurement of AC Voltage below 20 Hz at IEN," IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., vol. 46, no. 2, 1997, pp. 369-372. https://doi.org/10.1109/19.571858
  4. H. Germer, "High-Precision AC Measurements Using the Monte- Carlo Method," IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., vol. 50, no. 2, 2001, pp. 457-460. https://doi.org/10.1109/19.918165
  5. W.-K. Yoon and M.J. Devaney, "Power Measurement Using the Wavelet Transform," IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., vol. 47, no. 5, 1998, pp. 1205-1210. https://doi.org/10.1109/19.746584
  6. R.F. Wasseneaar et al., "New Techniques for High-Frequency RMS-to-DC Conversion Based on a Multifunctional V-to-I Convertor," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 23, no. 3, 1988, pp. 802-815. https://doi.org/10.1109/4.321
  7. V. Milanović et al., "Thermoelectric Power Sensor for Microwave Applications by Commercial CMOS Fabrication," IEEE Electron Device Lett., vol. 18, no. 9, 1997, pp. 450-452. https://doi.org/10.1109/55.622527
  8. True RMS Detector, application note AN008474, National Semiconductor, 2002.
  9. M.T. Abulma'atti, "Improved Analysis of Implicit RMS Detectors," IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., vol. 58, no. 3, 2009, pp. 502-505. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIM.2008.2005262
  10. A.S. Sedra and K.C. Smith, "A Second-Generation Current Conveyor and Its Applications," IEEE Trans. Circuit Theory, CT-17, no. 1, 1970, pp. 132-134.
  11. E. Yuce, S. Minaei, and S. Tokat, "Root-Mean-Square Measurement of Distinct Voltage Signals," IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., vol. 56, no. 6, 2007, pp. 2782-2787. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIM.2007.908153
  12. P. Petrovic, "Root-Mean-Square Measurement of Periodic, Band- Limited Signals," Proc. IEEE Intern. Instrum. Meas. Technol. Conf., May 2012, pp. 323-327.
  13. J.G. Maneatis, "Low-Jitter Process-Independent DLL and PLL Based on Self-Biased Techniques," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 31, no. 11, 1996, pp. 1723-1732. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSSC.1996.542317
  14. M. Ingels and M.S.J. Steyaert, "A 1-Gb/s, 0.7-μm CMOS Optical Receiver with Full Rail-to-Rail Output Swing," IEEE J. Solid- State Circuits, vol. 34, no. 7, 1999, pp. 971-977. https://doi.org/10.1109/4.772412
  15. C. Grewing et al., "Fully Integrated Distributed Power Amplifier in CMOS Technology, Optimized for UWB Transmitters," Proc. IEEE Radio Freq. Integr. Circuits Symp., 2004, pp. 87-90.
  16. S.I. Liu and Y.S. Hwang, "Dual-Input Differentiators and Integrators with Tunable Time Constants Using Current Conveyors," IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., vol. 43, no. 4, 1994, pp. 650-654. https://doi.org/10.1109/19.310164
  17. R. Nandi, S.K. Sanyal, and T.K. Bandyopadhyay, "Single CFABased Integrator, Differentiator, Filter, and Sinusoid Oscilator," IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., vol. 58, no. 8, 2009, pp. 2557-2564. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIM.2009.2014625
  18. P. Petrovic and M. Stevanovic, "Measuring Active Power of Synchronously Sampled AC Signals in Presence of Interharmonics and Subharmonics," IEE Proc. Electric Power Appl., vol. 153, no. 2, 2006, pp. 227-235. https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-epa:20050194
  19. T. Zhang et al., "Bipolar Microwave RMS Power Detectors," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 41, no. 9, 2006, pp. 2188-2192. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSSC.2006.880592
  20. B. Rumberg and D.W. Graham, "A Low-Power Magnitude Detector for Analysis of Transient-Rich Signals," IEEE J. Solid- State Circuits, vol. 47, no. 3, 2012, pp. 676-685. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSSC.2011.2179452
  21. S. Minaei, O.K. Sayin, and H. Kuntman, "A New CMOS Electronically Tunable Current Conveyor and Its Application to Current-Mode Filters," IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I, vol. 53, no. 7, 2006, pp. 1448-1457. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSI.2006.875184
  22. GUM - Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement, ISO, 1993.
  23. 0.35 ${\mu}$m TSMC CMOS Transistors, data sheet, Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Limited.
  24. K. Kaewdang, K. Kumwachara, and W. Surakampontorn, "A Translinear-Based True RMS-to-DC Converter Using Only npn BJTs," AEU-Intern. J. Electron. Commun., vol. 63, no. 6, 2009, pp. 472-477. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeue.2008.03.008