Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture (한국유기농업학회지)

Korean Association of Organic Agriculture (한국유기농업학회)
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Estimation of Productivity and Organic Hanwoo Carrying Capacity per Unit Area of Whole Crop Wheat and Triticale by Application of Organic Fertilizer and Legumes-Mixed Sowing

유기질비료 시용과 콩과 사료작물의 혼파에 따른 총체밀과 트리트케일의 생산성과 단위면적당 유기 한우 사육능력 추정

  • Received : 2013.04.25
  • Accepted : 2013.05.15
  • Published : 2013.06.30
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Abstract

This study was conducted to estimate organic Hanwoo carrying capacity when whole crop wheat and triticale as winter forage crops were grown on different applying sources (no fertilizer, organic fertilizer or cattle slurry), and mixed sowing in combination with hairy vetch and forage pea at the level of 50% cattle slurry application during the period of 2009~2011. The experimental plots were consisted of 5 treatments. Each treatment was triplicates and allocated in the randomized complete block design. For whole crop wheat, annual mean dry matter (DM) yield was significantly (P<0.05) higher for fertilizer application treatments than for no fertilizer treatment, and crude protein (CP) yield was significantly (P<0.05) higher for forage pea and hairy vetch-mixed sowing treatments than for no fertilizer and organic ferilizer treatments. Mean CP, total digestible nutrients (TDN) and relative feed value (RFV) contents of legumes-mixed sowing treatments was significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of other treatments. As diets replaced with 70% whole crop wheat were provided for 450kg of Hanwoo heifers, legumes-mixed sowing treatments could raise more heifers than organic fertilizer and no fertilizer treatments. For triticale, annual mean DM, CP and TDN yields were significantly (P<0.05) higher for fertilizer application treatments than for no fertilizer treatment, and CP content of legumes-mixed sowing and cattle slurry application treatments was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of other treatments. When 450kg of Hanwoo heifers were fed on diets replaced with 70% triticale, it was estimated that legumes-mixed sowing treatments at the level of 50% cattle slurry application could rear average 3.3~3.4 heads/ha/year, which was significantly (P<0.05) higher than no fertilizer treatment (2.5 heads/ha/year). It was indicated that DM yields of whole crop wheat and triticale were much more effective in cattle slurry application than organic fertilizer, and Legumes-mixed sowing at the level of 50% cattle slurry application rather than whole crop wheat or triticale alone increased yields per unit area and nutritional value such as CP content. In conclusion, it is conceived that whole crop wheat or triticale produced in the manner above can be used instead of grains imported as dietary protein sources in the organic Hanwoo feeding regimen.

본 실험에서는 2009년부터 2011년까지 월동 사료작물로 재배되는 총체밀과 트리트케일에 가축분뇨 시용과 콩과작물의 단, 혼파재배가 작물의 생산성과 사료가치를 평가하여 양질의 조사료 확보 및 단위면적당 유기 한우 사육 능력을 추정하고자 무비구, 유기질비료 시용구, 액상우분뇨 시용구, 액상우분뇨 50% 시용에 hairy vetch 혼파구 및 액상우분뇨 50% 시용에 forage pea 혼파구 등 5처리 3반복 난괴법으로 배치하여 실험이 실시되었다. 총체밀의 연간 건물수량은 처리구가 6.04~6.58톤/ha으로 무비구의 5.19톤/ha 보다 유의하게 높았으며(p<0.05), 조단백질 수량은 forage pea(0.60톤/ha)와 hairy vetch 혼파구(0.56톤/ha)가 무비구(0.37톤/ha)와 유기질비료 시용구(0.43톤/ha) 보다는 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 평균 조단백질과 TDN 함량 및 RFV는 콩과작물 혼파구가 다른 처리구보다 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 총체밀을 유기 한우 암소 450kg에 70% 급여 시에는 액상우분뇨 50%시용에 콩과작물을 혼파한 구에서 연간 약 ha 당 각각 3.4~3.5두로 유기질비료구(평균 2.9두) 및 무비구(평균 2.9두)보다 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 총체 트리트케일의 2년 평균 연간 건물수량도 시험구는 6.24~6.40톤/ha의 범위로 무비구의 5.12톤/ha로 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05), 조단백질과 TDN 수량은 시험구(각각 0.48~0.56과 4.03~4.12톤/ha)가 무비구(0.38과 3.3톤/ha)보다 유의하게 높았고(p<0.05), 평균 조단백질 함량도 콩과작물 혼파구와 액상우분뇨구가 다른 처리구보다 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 총체트리트케일로 유기한우 암소를 사육할 때에는 액상우분뇨 50%시용에 콩과작물을 혼파한 구에서 ha 당 연간 평균 3.3~3.4두를 사육할 수 있어 무처리구의 ha 당 평균 2.5두 보다 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 총체밀 혹은 트리트케일의 건물생산성은 유기질 비료보다는 액상우분뇨가 훨씬 효과적이고 액상우분뇨 50%시용과 함께 콩과 작물인 hairy vetch 혹은 forage pea 등을 혼파로 재배하는 것이 단파의 경우보다 단위면적당 수량과 단백질 함량 등의 사료가치를 높일 수 있어 유기 한우 사육 시에는 단백질공급원으로 이용되는 수입 곡류 등을 대체하는 효과까지도 기대할 수 있으리라 생각된다.

Keywords

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