인천경제자유구역 청라지구에서의 큰기러기 월동지 비오톱구조와 행동특성 연구

A Study on the Biotope Structure of Wintering Place and Behavior Characteristics of Anser fabalis in Cheongna Area, Incheon Free Economic Zone, Korea

  • 박병구 (인천광역시청 공원녹지과) ;
  • 한봉호 (서울시립대학교 도시과학대 조경학과) ;
  • 이경재 (서울시립대학교 도시과학대 조경학과) ;
  • 곽정인 ((재)환경생태연구재단) ;
  • 임성수 (서울시립대학교 대학원 조경학과)
  • Park, Byeong-Ku (Incheon Metropolitan City) ;
  • Han, Bong-Ho (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, College of Urban Science, Univ. of Seoul) ;
  • Lee, Kyong-Jae (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, College of Urban Science, Univ. of Seoul) ;
  • Kwak, Jeong-In (Environmental Ecosystem Research Foundation) ;
  • Im, Seong-Soo (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Graduate School, Univ. of Seoul)
  • 투고 : 2012.05.31
  • 심사 : 2013.04.15
  • 발행 : 2013.06.30

초록

본 연구는 인천경제자유구역 청라지구에 도래하는 큰기러기의 월동지 비오톱구조와 행동특성 간의 관계를 분석하여 큰기러기 월동지 보전관리를 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 수행하였다. 청라지구 비오톱의 주요 유형은 갈대습지 $6,093,762m^2$(47.8%), 볏짚이 없는 논 $2,927,916m^2$(23.0%), 볏짚이 있는 논 $1,915,655m^2$(15.0%)이었으며, 얼음이 있는 논, 건조초지 등이 일부 분포하였다. 2005년 2월 13일 현장조사 결과 청라지구에서 관찰된 전체 야생조류는 총 33종 6,534개체이었으며, 이 중 큰기러기는 총 5,128개체이었고 출현한 전체 종 중 78.5%를 차지하는 우점종이었다. 큰기러기 이동경로 분석 결과, 일출 전 후를 기점으로 잠자리에서 채식지로 이동하였고, 일몰 전 후를 기점으로 채이장소에서 잠자리로 이동하였다. 큰기러기의 행동특성과 비오톱 유형의 관계를 종합해보면, 갈대습지에서 큰기러기 개체군의 출현밀도가 가장 높았으며, 얼음이 녹은 무논에서 큰기러기의 출현 개체수가 가장 많았다. 갈대습지에서 큰기러기는 식물의 뿌리 및 열매를 채식하였으며, 얼음이 녹은 무논에서는 낙곡 채식, 휴식, 수면하는 등 다양한 행태를 보였고 볏짚이 있는 논과 볏짚이 없는 논에서는 낙곡 채식 및 휴식을 하였다. 큰기러기의 출현 개체수는 논에서는 논경작지의 유형보다 낙곡 유무에 따라 영향을 받는 것으로 판단되었다.

This study is aimed to provide the preliminary data for conservation and management of wintering site for Anser fabalis population in Cheongna Area, Incheon Free Economic Zone, Korea through analyzing the relationship between the biotop structure of its wintering site and behavior characteristics. The main types (size and ratio) of the biotope in Cheongna Area, Incheon Free Economic Zone are reed wetlands ($6,093,762m^2$, 47.8%), rice fields without rice straw ($2,927,916m^2$, 23.0%), and rice fields with rice straw ($1,915,655m^2$, 15.0%). According to the survey carried on 13th Feb., 2013, total 33 species and 6, 535 individual birds were observed and among of them, the dominant bird was Anser fabalis showing 5,128 indiviuals, 78% of total population. As the result of analyzing the migratory route of Anser fabalis, the bird moved from roosting site to foraging site before and after sunrise and from feeding site to roosting site before and after sunset. According to the analysis of interrelation between habitat characteristics and biotope types of the bird, population density was the highest in reed wetlands among habitat types and individual appearance was the highest in water-filled rice field melting ice. The bird ate the roots and bulb of hydrophytes in reed wetlands and showed various behaviors like eating dropped grains, resting and sleeping in water-filled rice fields and eating dropped grains and resting in rice fields with and without rice straw. It is shown that the number of Anser fabalis appearing in rice fields is depended on the presence of dropped grains than types of rice field.

키워드

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