Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention (아시아태평양암예방학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Evaluation of the Pap Smear Test Status of Turkish Women and Related Factors

  • Karabulutlu, Ozlem (Department of Obstetric and Gynecologic Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Ataturk University)
  • Published : 2013.02.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Background: The Pap smear has an important value in the early diagnosis of cervical cancer, a serious problem in womens health. This study aimed to determine the status of Turkish women regarding participation in Pap smear testing and affecting factors. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on married women between 18-61 years of age selected from those who applied to the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Polyclinic of Atat$\ddot{u}$rk University in Erzurum between June-August 2010 for any reason. Data were collected using a questionnaire determining socio-demographic features and analyzed by descriptive statistics (mean, Sd, range, frequency, percentage) and Chi-square test. A level of p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Sixty six of the 301 women (21.9%) indicated that they heard a Pap smear test and 16.6% of women had experienced a test. The number of women participating increased with age, duration of marriage, number of births, knowledge about the Pap smear and perception of risk for cervical cancer. Conclusions: The importance of the Pap smear test needs to be explained to Turkish women by health staff, to increase awareness and participation in regular screening.

Keywords

References

  1. Ak, M, Canbal, M, Turan, S (2010). Attitude concerning the pap smear test of women who admitted to the family medicine outpatient clinic. Konuralp Tip Dergisi, 2, 1-4.
  2. Akyuz, A, Guvenc, G, Yavan, T (2006). Evaluation of the Pap smear test status of women and of the factors affecting this status. Gulhane Med J, 48, 25-9.
  3. American Cancer Society (2010). Cancer Facts and Figures 2010.
  4. Atasu, T, Sahmay, S (2001). Jinekoloji 2. Baski. Nobel Tip Kitabevi. istanbul.
  5. Barghouti, FF, Takruri, AH, Froelicher, ES(2008). Awareness and behavior about Pap smear testing in family medicine practice. Saudi Med J, 29, 1036-40.
  6. Behbakht, K, Lynch, A, Teal S (2004). Social and cultural barriers to papanicolaou test screening in urban population. Obstet Gynecol, 104, 1355-61. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.AOG.0000143881.53058.81
  7. Byrd, T.L, Peterson, S.K, Chavez, R, et al(2004). Cervical cancer screening beliefs among young hispanic women. Prevent Med, 38, 192-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2003.09.017
  8. Dozier, K.J, Lawrence, D(2000). Socio-demographic predictors of adherence to annual cervical cancer screening in minority women. Cancer Nurs, 23, 350-6. https://doi.org/10.1097/00002820-200010000-00004
  9. Donmez, A.G(2007). Sisli Etfal Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesinde Calisan Kadin Saglik Personelinin Serviks Kanserine iliskin Bilgi Duzeyinin ve Farkindaliginin Arastirilmasi. Uzmanlik Tezi, istanbul.
  10. Eser, S, Yakut, C, Ozdemir, R, et al (2010). Cancer incidence rates in Turkey in 2006: a detailed registry based estimation. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 11, 1731-9.
  11. Gichangi, P, Estambale, B, Bwayo, J, et al(2003). Knowledge and practice about cervical cancer and pap smear testing among patients at Kenyatta national hospital, Nairobi, Kenya. Int J Gynecol Cancer, 13, 827-33. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1438.2003.13612.x
  12. Gurel, A.S, Gurel, H, Topcuoglu, A(2009). Investigation of rate and determinants of pap-test in women attending for a gynecological examination. Turkiye Klinikleri J Gynecol Obst, 19, 62-6.
  13. Idestrom M, Milsom I, Ellstrom AA (2002). Knowledge and attitudes about the Pap smear screening program: a populationbased study of women aged 20-59 years. Acta Obstetr Gynecol Scand, 81, 962-7. https://doi.org/10.1080/j.1600-0412.2002.811011.x
  14. Juon HS, Seung-Lee C, Klassen AC (2003). Predictors of regular pap smears among Korean-American women. Prevent Med, 37, 585-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2003.09.006
  15. Kaku M, Mathew A, Rajan B (2008). Impact of socio-economic factors in delayed reporting and late stage presentation among patients with cervix cancer in a major cancer hospital in South India. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 9, 589-94.
  16. Kalyoncu C, Isikli B, Ozalp S (2003). Osmangazi Universitesi Kadin Hastaliklari ve Dogum poliklinigine basvuranlarin Pap smear hakkinda bilgi, tutum ve davranislari. Saglik ve Toplum, 13, 60-6.
  17. Karaca M (2008). How common is pap smear test known and performed. Turkiye Klinikleri J Gynecol Obst, 18, 22-8.
  18. Mete S (1998). The effects of nursing approach to the alleriatation anxiety of the women coming the gynecologic examination. J Cumhuriyet University School of Nursing, 2, 1-8.
  19. Ministry of Health (2008). Republic of Turkey Cancer Statistics, Available at: http://www.saglik.gov.tr/KSDB/BelgeGoster. aspx. (accessed 05.05.2008)
  20. Ministry of Health (2009). Turkish Cancer Statistics Database. Department of Cancer Turkish Ministry of Health.
  21. Nuguyen T, McPhee SJ, Nguyen T, et al (2002). Predictor of cervical pap smear screening awareness, intention, and receipt among Vietnamese-American women. Am J Prev Med, 23, 207-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-3797(02)00499-3
  22. Ozan H (2005). Pap Smear: Ne zaman? Nasil? Kimden? Hassa H (ed). Turk Jinekoloji ve Obstetrik Dernegi. Uzmanlik Sonrasi Egitim ve Guncel Gelismeler Dergisi, 2, 36-40.
  23. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health, Cancer Statistics for the *2008, Turkey. http://www.saglik.gov.tr/
  24. Siahpush M, Singh GK (2002). Socio-demographic predictors of Pap test receipt, currency and knowledge among Australian women. Prevent Med, 35, 362-8. https://doi.org/10.1006/pmed.2002.1086
  25. Sirovich, B.E, Welch, G(2004). The frequency of Pap smear screening in the United States. J Gen Intern Med, 19, 243-50. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1497.2004.21107.x
  26. Stekler JE, Joann G (2000). Cervical Cancer Screening: Who, When, Why? Academic Search Premier, 13, 124.
  27. Taskin L (2009). Dogum ve Kadin Sagligi Hemsireligi. Sistem Ofset Matbaacilik, Ankara.
  28. Tezcan S, Sahincioglu O (2008). Epidemiology and Screening Programmes in Cervical Cancer. Turkiye Klinikleri J Gynecol Obst-Special Topics, 1, 1-7.
  29. Tuncer S (2000). Jinekolojik Kanserlerde Tarama. Hacettepe Tip Dergisi, 31, 113-20.
  30. Tuncer M (2009). Ulusal kanser kontrol programi, T.C. Saglik Bakanligi Kanser Savas Dairesi Bbaskanligi, Ankara, 24.
  31. Tuncer M, Ozgul M (2010). Turkey In: Asian pasific organization for cancer prevention cancer report 2010, eds. Murat tuncer, published by "New Hope in Health" foundation. MN Publishing Company, 414-8.
  32. Uysal A, Birsel A (2009). Knowledge about cervical cancer risk factors and pap testing behaviour among Turkish women. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 10, 345-50.
  33. Wellensiek N, Moodley M, Moodley J, et al (2002). Knowledge of cervical cancer screening and use of cervical screening facilities among women from various socioeconomic backgrounds in Durban, Kwazulu Natal, South Africa. Int J Gynecol Cancer, 12, 376-82. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1438.2002.01114.x

Cited by

  1. Cervical Cytological Screening Results of 8,495 Cases in Turkey - Common Inflammation but Infrequent Epithelial Cell Abnormalities? vol.15, pp.13, 2014, https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2014.15.13.5127
  2. Women's Perceptions and Attitudes about Cervical Cancer in Turkey: Kato's Device as an Alternative to the Pap Smear vol.15, pp.2, 2014, https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2014.15.2.905
  3. Population-Based Cervical Screening Outcomes in Turkey over a Period of Approximately Nine and a Half Years with Emphasis on Results for Women Aged 30-34 vol.15, pp.5, 2014, https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2014.15.5.2069
  4. Breast, Cervix and Colorectal Cancer Knowledge among Nurses in Turkey vol.15, pp.5, 2014, https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2014.15.5.2267
  5. Cervical Cancer Screening in an Early Diagnosis and Screening Center in Mersin, Turkey vol.16, pp.16, 2015, https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2015.16.16.6909