Korean Journal of Child Studies (아동학회지)

Korean Association of Child Studies (한국아동학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Effect of a Child's Temperament, Child-mother Goodness of Fit and a Child's Self-perception

유아의 기질, 유아-어머니 조화적합성이 유아의 자기지각에 미치는 영향

  • Jang, Yu-Jin (Department of Child Development and Family Studies, Seoul National University) ;
  • Lee, Kang-Yi (Department of Child Development and Family Studies, Seoul National University)
  • 장유진 (서울대학교 대학원 아동가족학) ;
  • 이강이 (서울대학교 아동가족학과, 생활과학연구소)
  • Received : 2011.02.17
  • Accepted : 2011.05.24
  • Published : 2011.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate how a child's temperament and child-mother goodness of fit affect the child's self-perception. 165 pairs of 5-year-old children and their mothers were recruited. The mothers were asked to answer the questionnaire on her child's temperament and goodness of fit. Each child participated in a semi-structured interview using two identical puppets to measure the children's self-perception. The results of this study were : (1) All of mean scores on the dimensions of children's self-perception were above the median, children in this study perceived themselves positively. (2) Children's positive self-perception was significantly related to harmonious children-mother goodness of fit. (3) The effect of goodness of fit was higher than temperament in all dimensions of self-perception. The sex variable also affects aggression-hostility and academic competence. This study suggests that the effect of goodness of fit was higher than that of temperament, and the importance of a harmonious children-mother relationship and parenting education, and these conclusions were reached by examining the outstanding effect of the goodness of fit.

Keywords

References

  1. 서주현(2009). 유아의 기질, 어머니의 양육태도와 조화적합성이 유아의 지적 능력에 미치는 영향. 서울대학교 대학원 박사학위 청구논문.
  2. 최은정(2005). 이혼가정 아동의 가족 관계 지각이 또래 관계에 미치는 영향. 서울대학교 대학원 석사학위 청구논문.
  3. Ablow, J. C., & Measelle, J. R. (1993). The Berkeley puppet Interview:Interviewing & coding system manuals. OR:University Oregon.
  4. Arseneault, L., Kim-Cohen, J., Taylor, A., Caspi, A., & Moffitt, T. E. (2005). Psychometric evaluation of 5- and 7-year-old children's self-reports of conduct problems. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 33(5), 537-550. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-005-6736-5
  5. Bates, J. E. (1989). Concepts and measures of temperament. In G. Kohnstamm, J. Bates & M. Rothbart (Eds.), Temperament in Childhood (pp. 3-26). New York:Wiley.
  6. Brown, G. L., Mangelsdorf, S. C., Neff, C., Schoppe-Sullivan, S. J., & Frosch, C. A. (2009). Young children's self-concepts; associations with child temperament, mothers' and fathers' parenting, and triadic family interaction Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 55(2), 184-216.
  7. Chess, S., & Thomas, A.(1998). Goodness fo fit:Clinical applications from infancy through adult life. Philadelphia:Brunner/Mazel.
  8. Cicchetti, D., & Cohen, D. J. (1995). Perspectives on developmental psychopathology. Developmental psychopathology:Vol 1. Theory and methods (pp. 3-20). New York:Wiley.
  9. Compas, B. E., Connor-Smith, J., & Jaser, S. S. (2004). Temperament, Stress Reactivity, and Coping:Implications for Depression in Childhood and Adolescence, Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 33(1), 21-31. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15374424JCCP3301_3
  10. Crick, N. R., & Dodge, K. A. (1994). A review and reformulation of social information-processing mechanisms in children's social adjustment. Psychological Bulletin, 115, 74-101. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.115.1.74
  11. Eccles, J., Wigfield, A., Harold, R.D., & Blumenfeld, P. (1993). Age and gender differences in children's self- and task perceptions during elementary school. Child development, 64(3), 830-847. https://doi.org/10.2307/1131221
  12. Harter, S., & Pike, R. (1984) The pictorial scale of perceived competence and social acceptance for young children. Child Development, 55(6), 1969-1982. https://doi.org/10.2307/1129772
  13. Harter, S. (2006). The self. Handbook of child psychology, Vol 3. Social, emotional, and personality development (pp. 505-570). NJ:Wiely.
  14. Houck, G. M. (1999). The measurement of child characteristics from infancy to toddlerhood：Temperament, developmental competence, self-concept, and social competence. Issues in Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing, 22(2-3), 101-127. https://doi.org/10.1080/014608699265329
  15. Kelly, S. A., Brownell, C. A., & Campbell, S. B. (2000). Mastery motivation and self-evaluative affect in toddlers:Longitudinal relations with maternal behavior. Child development, 71(4), 1061-1071. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00209
  16. Klein, H. A. (1991). Temperament and Childhood Group Care Adjustment; A Cross-Cultural Comparison. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 6(2), 211-224. https://doi.org/10.1016/0885-2006(91)90008-9
  17. Lagace-Seguin, D. G., & Coplan, R. J. (2005). Maternal Emotional Styles and Child Social Adjustment: Assessment, Correlates, Outcomes and Goodness of Fit in Early Childhood, Social Development, 14(4), 613-636. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9507.2005.00320.x
  18. Markus, H. R., Craven, R. G., & Debus, R. (1991). Self-concept of young children 5 to 8 years of age:Measurement and multidimensional structure. Journal of Educational Psychology, 83(3), 393-404. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.83.3.393
  19. Marsh, H. W., Debus, R., & Bornholt, L. (2004). Validating young children's self-concept responses:Methodological ways and means to understand their responses. Handbook of research methods in developmental science (pp. 138-160). Oxford, UK:Blackwell.
  20. Measelle, J. R. (March, 1995). Positive illusions and mental health? Reformulating the question in terms of young children. Poster presented at the biennial meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Indianapolis.
  21. Measelle, J. R., Albow, J. C., Cowan, P. A., & Cowan, C. P. (1998). Assessing Young Children's View of Their Academic, Social and Emotional Lives: An Evaluation of the Self-Perception Scales of the Berkeley Puppet Interview. Child Development, 69(6), 1156-1576.
  22. Ortiz, M. A. C., Del Barrio & Gandara, V. (2006). Study on the relations between temperament, aggression, and anger in children. Aggressive Behavior, 32(3), 207-215. https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.20127
  23. Szewczyk-Sokolowski, M., Bost, K. K., & Wainwright, A. B. (2005). Attachment, temperament, and preschool children's peer acceptance. Social Development, 14(3), 379-397. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9507.2005.00307.x
  24. Thomas, A., & Chess, S. (1977). Temperament and development. N.Y.:Brunner Maxel.
  25. Thomas, A., & Chess, S. (1984). Genesis and Evoluation of Behavioral Disorders:From Infancy to Early Adult Life. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 141(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.1.1
  26. Thompson, R. A., & Goodvin, R. (2005). The individual child:Temperament, emotion, self, and personality. Developmental science:An advanced textbook. NJ：Erlbaum.
  27. Thompson, R. A. (2006). The development of the person:Social understanding, relationships, conscience, self. Handbook of child psychology, Vol 3. Social, emotional, and personality development (pp. 24-98). NJ:Wiley.
  28. Wigfield, A., & Eccles, J. S. (2000). Expectancy-Value Theory of Achievement Motivation. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25(1), 68-81. https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.1999.1015
  29. Xu, Y., Farver, J. A. M., & Zhang, Z. (2009). Temperament, harsh and indulgent parenting, and Chinese children's proactive and reactive aggression. Child Development, 80(1), 244-258. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2008.01257.x