Journal of Life Science (생명과학회지)

Korean Society of Life Science (한국생명과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Optimal Level for the Protection of Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Sprague-Dawley Rat Liver Damage by Mycelial Cultures of Lentinus edodes

Sprague-Dawley 쥐의 사염화탄소 유도 간 손상에 대한 표고버섯균사체의 효과

  • Jang, Wook-J. (Division of Applied Science (BK21 program) and Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Kim, Young-S. (Division of Applied Science (BK21 program) and Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Ha, Yeong-L. (Division of Applied Science (BK21 program) and Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Park, Cherl-W. (HK Biotech. Co. Ltd.) ;
  • Ha, Young-K. (HK Biotech. Co. Ltd.) ;
  • Kim, Jeong-O. (HK Biotech. Co. Ltd.)
  • 장욱진 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부 (BK21).농업생명과학원) ;
  • 김영숙 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부 (BK21).농업생명과학원) ;
  • 하영래 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부 (BK21).농업생명과학원) ;
  • 박철우 ((주)HK바이오텍) ;
  • 하영권 ((주)HK바이오텍) ;
  • 김정옥 ((주)HK바이오텍)
  • Received : 2010.05.19
  • Accepted : 2010.05.26
  • Published : 2010.05.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The protective effects of a powder mixed with solid-cultured and liquid-cultured Lentinus edodes mycelia (2 : 1, w/w) (designate LED) with different doses of carbon tetrachloride ($CCl_4$) on induced hepatotoxicity in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats was investigated. The rats were divided into seven groups (6 rats/group) and the following substances were administered orally to each group: Vehicle (0.2 ml distilled water), Control (0.2 ml distilled water), LED (LED 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg/kg BW in 0.2 ml distilled water), and Silymarin (200 mg/Kg BW in 0.2 ml distilled water). After two weeks of daily administration, all groups except for the Vehiclegroup were subjected to abdominal injection with $CCl_4$ ($CCl_4$ : corn oil, 1 : 1 v/v; 0.5 ml/kg BW). One day later, blood and liver samples were collected to analyze biomarkers. All LED treatments elevated hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GSH peroxidase) activities, and reduced thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS), tumor necrosis factor-$\alpha$ (TNF-$\alpha$), interleukin-$1{\beta}$ (IL-$1{\beta}$) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), resulting in the reduction of glutamate-oxalate transaminase (GOT), glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT) and lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) activities in plasma. These results indicate that LED effectively protected SD rat hepatotoxicity induced by $CCl_4$ through its antioxidative activity and reduction of some cytokines. The highest efficacy was found in LED 200 mg/kg BW, showing potential as a useful material for protection from hepatotoxicity in humans.

표고버섯균사체 고체배양물 분말과 액체배양물 분말을 2:1 (w/w)로 혼합한 시료 (LED로 명명)가 $CCl_4$로 유발된 숫컷 쥐의 간독성을 보호하는 효과에 대해 연구하였다. Vehicle 처리군(0.2 ml 증류수), Control 처리군(0.2 ml 증류수), LED 처리군(LED 100, 200, 300, 400 mg/kg BW을 0.2 ml 증류수에 각각 혼합), 그리고 Silymarin 처리군(200 mg/kg을 0.2 ml 증류수에 용해)의 각 처리군(군당 여섯 마리)에 매일 2주간 투여한 다음, Vehicle 처리군을 제외한 모든 군에 $CCl_4$ ($CCl_4$:corn oil, 1:1 v/v; 0.5 ml/kg BW)를 복부에 주사하였다. 하루가 지난 후에 생화학적 지표성분을 분석하기 위해 혈액과 간 시료를 채취하였다. 모든 LED 처리에 의해 간 SOD, catalase, 그리고 GSH peroxidase의 활성이 증가하였으며, TBARS, tumor necrosis factor-$\alpha$ (TNF-$\alpha$), interleukin-$1{\beta}$ (IL-$1{\beta}$) 그리고 interleukin-6 (IL-6)가 감소하였다. 그 결과, 혈청중의 GOT, GPT, 그리고 LDH의 활성이 감소하였다. LED의 간 기능 보호효과가 가장 효과적으로 나타난 처리농도는 200 mg/kg BW였다. 이러한 결과로 보아 LED는 $CCl_4$로 유발된 SD 쥐의 간 손상을 보호하며, 이는 LED의 항산화능과 cytokine의 감소에 의한 것이다. 따라서, LED는 사람의 간독성보호를 위해 효과적으로 사용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Abei, H. E. 1984. Methods in enzymatic analysis. pp. 273-285. 3rd eds., Academic press, New York.
  2. Alqasoumi, S. 2010. Carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity: Protective effect of 'Rocket' Eruca sativa L. in rats. Am. J. Chin. Med. 38, 75-88. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0192415X10007671
  3. Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. 2008. Quick Start Bradford Protein Assay, Hercules, CA.
  4. Chance, B., H. Sies, and A. Boveris. 1979. Hydroperoxide metabolism in mammalian organs. Physiol. Rev. 59, 527-605.
  5. Rikans, L. E., L. A. DeCicco, K. R. Hornbrook, and T. Yamano. 1999. Effect of age and carbon tetrachloride on cytokine concentrations in rat liver. Mech. Ageing Devel. 108, 173-182. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0047-6374(99)00012-3
  6. Hazama, S., S. Watanabe, M. Ohashi, M. Yagi, M. Suzuki, K. Matsuda, T. Yamamoto, Y. Suga, T. Suga, S. Nakazawa, and M. Oka. 2009. Efficacy of orally administered superfine dispersed lentinan ($\beta$-1,3-glucan) for the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer. Anticancer Res. 29, 2611-2617.
  7. Folch, J., M. Lees, and G. H. Sloane Stanley. 1957. A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. J. Biol. Chem. 226, 497-509.
  8. Glende, E. A., A. M. Hruszkewycz, and R. O. Recknagel. 1976. Critical role of lipid peroxidation in carbon tetrachloride-induced loss aminopyrine demethylase, cytochrome P-450 and glucose 6-phosphatase. Biochem. Pharmacol. 25, 2163-2170. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-2952(76)90128-3
  9. Ha, Y. L., Y. S. Kim, C. R. Ahn, J. M. Kweon, C. W. Park, Y. K. Ha, and J. O. Kim. 2010. Mycelial culture of Lentinus edodes alleviates rat liver toxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride and ethanol. J. Life Sci. 20, 133-141. https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2010.20.1.133
  10. Han, S. H., J. B. Kim, S. G. Min, and C. H. Lee. 1995. The effects of Puerariae Radix catechins administration on liver function in carbon tetrachloride-treated rats. J. Korean Soc. Food Nutr. 24, 713-719.
  11. Hayes. 1982. Principles and methods of toxicology. pp. 407. Raven Press. New York.
  12. Hobbs, C. 2000. Medicinal value of Lentinus edodes (Berk) Sing (Agaricomycetideae). A literature review. Int. J. Med. Mushrooms 2, 287-302.
  13. Iizuka, H. 1997. Production of Lentinus edodes mycelia extract (LEM). Food Rev. Int. 13 (Issue 3), 343-348. https://doi.org/10.1080/87559129709541115
  14. Kim, K. S., S. Y. Chung, and S. W. Kim. 1993. The effect of selenium and vitamin E on activity of enzyme related to the lipid peroxidation in rat with alcohol administration. J. Korean Soc. Food Nutr. 22, 116-126.
  15. Kim, S. K. and S. Y. Chung. 1992. Effects of feeding the mixed oils of butter, sardine and safflower on the lipid components in serum and activities of hepatic functional enzymes in rats. J. Korean. Soc. Food Nutr. 21, 608-616.
  16. Korea Food & Drug Administration. 2008. Health Functional Food Code, pp. 130-131. Standards of Health Functional Food III. 3.4.3, Republic of Korea.
  17. Lawrence, R. A. and R. F. Burk. 1976. Glutathione peroxidase activity in selenium-deficient rat liver. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 71, 952–958.
  18. Lee, H. S., K. H. Jung, S. W. Hong, I. S. Park, C. Lee, H. K. Han, D. H. Lee, and S. S. Hong. 2008. Morin protects acute liver damage by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rat. Arch. Pharm. Res. 31, 1160-1165. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-001-1283-5
  19. Marklund, S. and G. Marklund. 1974. Involvement of the superoxide anion radical in the autooxidation of pyrogallol and a convenient assay for superoxide dismutase. Eur. J. Biochem. 47, 469-474. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1974.tb03714.x
  20. Maynard, E. H., S. Brittern, and R. G. James. 1972. Effect of 3-methylchloanthrene induction on the CCl4-induced changes in rat hepatic microsomal enzyme system. Biochem. pharmacol. 21, 745-747. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-2952(72)90069-X
  21. Mizuno, T. 1995. Mushrooms: the versatile fungus-food and medicinal properties. Food Rev. Int. 11 (Issue 1), 1-235. https://doi.org/10.1080/87559129509541015
  22. Morinaga, H., K. Tazawa, H. Tagoh, A. Muraguchi, and M. Fujimaki. 1994. An in vivo study of hepatic and splenic interleukin-1 beta mRNA expression following oral PSK or LEM administration. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 85, 1298-1303. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1349-7006.1994.tb02943.x
  23. Noll, T and H. Groot. 1984. The critical steady-state hypoxic conditions in carbon thtrachloride-induced lipid peroxidation in rat live microsome. Biochem. Biophys. Acta. 795, 356-362. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2760(84)90086-9
  24. Park. P. S., B. L. Lee, and M. Y. Lee. 1991. Effect of onion diet on carbon tetrachloride toxicity of rats. J. Korean Soc. Food Nutr. 20. 121-125.
  25. Ross, G. D., V. Vetvicka, J. Yan, Y. Xia, and J. Vetickova. 1999. Therapeutic intervention with complement and beta- glucan in cancer. Immunophamacology 42, 61-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0162-3109(99)00013-2
  26. Surendra, V., T. Prakash, U. R. Sharma, D. Goli, S. D. Fadadu, D. Kotresha. 2008. Hepatoprotective activity of aerial parts of Cynodon dactylon against CCl4-induced in rats. Phcog. Mag. 4 (16 SUPPL.), S195-S201.
  27. Terada, H., T. Ohara, Y. Yamaguchi, T. Ueda, and K. Asano. 2001. Protective effects of the Lentinus edodes mycelia on carbon tetrachloride induced liver injury. J. New Rem. Clin. 50, 655-664.
  28. Thomas, M., S. Leelamma, and P. A. Kurup. 1983. Effect of blackgram fiber (Phaseolus mungo) on cholesterol genesis and cholesterol degeneration in rats. J. Nutr. 113, 1104-1108.
  29. Tsubura, E., M. Nishimoto, and K. Nishii. 1999. Effects of LEM (Lentinus edodes mycelia) for chemotherapy. Prog. Med. 19, 129-134.
  30. Yamamoto, Y., H. Shirono, K. Kono, and Y. Ohashi. 1997. Immunopotentiating activity of the water-soluble lignin rich fraction prepared from LEM: The extract of the solid culture medium of Lentinus edodes mycelia. Biosci. Biotech. Biochem. 61, 1909-1912. https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.61.1909
  31. Zhoua, L. D., Q. H. Zhang, Y. Zhangc, J. Liua, and Y. M. Caoa. 2009. The shiitake mushroom-derived immunostimulant lentinan protects against murine malaria blood-stage infection by evoking adaptive immune-responses. Int. Immunopharmacol. 9, 455-462. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2009.01.010

Cited by

  1. Protective effects ofAcanthopanax koreanum Kakaiextract against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in Sprague-Dawley rats vol.47, pp.2, 2014, https://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2014.47.2.106