Patients' Experiences of Sensations After Breast Cancer Surgery in Korean Women

유방암 수술 환자의 감각 변화에 대한 연구

  • Received : 2009.06.28
  • Accepted : 2009.07.24
  • Published : 2009.08.31

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to obtain information about the experiences of sensations after breast cancer surgery characterized by prevalence, frequency, and severity, distresses, and disturbances in ADL using the BSAS (Breast Sensation Assessment Scale) and to develop the standardized Korean BSAS. Methods: Thirty two women from 3 to 100 days after breast cancer surgery (BCS) completed Roberta's BSAS. The 18 sensations of BSAS were translated using the references of Lee's Korean Pain Rating Scale and English-English, English-Korean dictionaries and the consultation from two native Americans, one bilingual permanent resident of the States, and one nursing professor. The Korean-translated BSAS has high reliability in test-retest. Likert type 4-point scale and 100 mm VAS were used for assessment. Results: Certain sensations remained prevalent (tender, pull, pain), frequent (numb, nag, throb), severe (throb, shoot, numb), causing distress (throb, penetrate, shoot), and influencing on ADL (throb, penetrate, nag). The most frequently experienced sensation other than BSAS was itching. There was little difference in the prevalence of symptom experiences between sentinel lymph node biopsy and axillary lymph node dissection. Conclusion: The women after BCS are suffering from neuropathic sensations. The Korean- translated BSAS could be used in effectively assessing breast sensations after BCS in Korean women.

Keywords

References

  1. Korean Statistical Information Service. Report of the Korean central cancer registry. 2008.
  2. Jung PJ. Surgical treatment for breast cancer. Hanyang J Med 2002;22(2):33-9.
  3. Jun MH, Kim YO, Kim MJ. A comparison of quality of life and sexuality between the patients with mastectomy and those with breast conservative operation. J Korean Acad Adult Nurs 2006;8:142-55.
  4. Roberta HB, Joanne FK, Marilyn B, Laura C, Patrick IB, Howard TT. Patients' sensations after breast cancer surgery. Cancer Practice 2000;8:215-22. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-5394.2000.85005.x
  5. Roberta HB, Jane VF, Sara R, Howard TT, Patrick IB, Larissa KF. Eighteen sensations after breast cancer surgery: a comparison of sentinel lymph node biopsy and axillary lymph node dissection. BARON 2002;29:651-9.
  6. Roberta HB, Jane VF, Patrick IB, Kimberly J, Van Zee. Eighteen sensations after breast cancer surgery: a two-year comparison of sentinel lymph node biopsy and axillary lymph node dissection. Oncol Nurs Forum 2004;31:691-8. https://doi.org/10.1188/04.ONF.691-698
  7. Roberta HB, Jane VF, Patrick IB, Michelle MS, Kathleen RH, Kimberly JV. Eighteen sensations after breast cancer surgery: A 5-year comparison of sentinel lymph node biopsy and axillary lymph node dissection. Annals Surg Oncol 2006;14:1653-61.
  8. Sabrina S, Richard SE, Shelly H, Ernest R. Post breast therapy pain syndrome (PBTPS), Cancer supportive care programs 2007. Available from: URL:http://www.cancersupportivecare.com/neuropathicpain.php.
  9. Tasmuth T, von Smitten K, Hietanen P, Kataja M, Kalso E. Pain and other symptoms after different treatment modalities of breast cancer. Annals Oncol 1995;6:453-9. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.annonc.a059215
  10. Orazio C, Maurizio A, Antonella F, Antonio Lucenti. Pain and quality of life after surgery for breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2003;80:39. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024435101619
  11. Hwang HS. Shoulder joint function, lymphedema, physical symptoms and functional status after mastectomy: comparison of sentinel lymph node biopsy and axillary lymph node dissection. [dissertation]. Seoul:Yonsei Univ.;2002.
  12. Oh EG. Symptom management models in nursing perspectives. J Nurs Query 2002;11(2):7-31.
  13. Lee HD. Minimal invasive surgery for breast cancer. Catholic cancer center, Spring cancer symposium 2000;42-8.
  14. Ioannis H, Nigel JB. Axillary surgery: is it necessary? The Breast 2000;9:2-4. https://doi.org/10.1054/brst.1999.0124
  15. Bembenek A, Schlag PM. Lymph-node dissection in breast cancer. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2000;385:236-45. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004239900055
  16. Lee EO, Lee SH. Validity test of Korean pain measurement tool using normal adult individuals. J Korean Acad Nurs 1986;16(2):13-28.
  17. Lee EO, Song MS. A study for development of a Korean pain measurement tool (II). A study for testing ranks of words in each subclass of a Korean pain measurement tool. J Korean Acad Nurs 1983;3:106-18.
  18. Lee EO, Yun SN, Song MS. A study for development of ratio scale measuring pain using Korean pain terms. J Korean Acad Nurs 1984;14:93-113.
  19. Lee EO. Prediction of pain expression using the extended gate control theory of pain and Fishbein's model. J Korean Acad Nurs 1983;13(2):1-21
  20. Srinivasa Raja. Breast surgery; phantom sensations reported by one-third of mastectomy patients. Women's Health Weekly 2000;9:25-6.
  21. Maunsell E, Brisson J, Deschenes L. Arm problems and psychological distress after surgery for breast cancer. Can J Surg 1993;36:315-20.
  22. Swenson KK, Nissen MJ, Ceronsky C, Swenson l, Lee MW, et al. Comparison of side effects between sentinel lymph node and axillary lymph node dissection for breast cancer. Annals Surg Oncol 2002;9:745-53. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02574496
  23. Hack TF, Cohen L, Katz J, Robson L, Goss P. Physical and psychological morbidity after axillary lymph node dissection for breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 1999;17:143-9. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1999.17.1.143