DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

풍화된 암반에 근입된 현장타설말뚝의 주면지지력

Side Shear Resistance of Drilled Shafts in Weathered Rock

  • 권오성 (대림산업(주) 기술연구소) ;
  • 김명모 (서울대학교 공과대학 건설환경공학부)
  • 투고 : 2006.11.27
  • 심사 : 2008.06.09
  • 발행 : 2008.07.31

초록

본 연구에서는 암반의 풍화상태가 암반에 근입된 현장타설콘크리트 말뚝의 주면지지력에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 먼저 총 4부지의 풍화된 화강암/편마암 지역에 시공된 현장타설말뚝 14본(직경 400~1500 mm)에 대한 축방향 정재하시험 및 하중전이 계측결과, 그리고 대상암반에 대한 엄밀한 지반조사 결과를 포함하는 데이터베이스를 구축하고, 암반 주면부의 거동과 암반물성치의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 풍화암/연암에 근입된 대상말뚝의 경우 주면지지력과 신선암편의 일축압축강도와의 상관관계 분석 결과 일관적인 상관성을 찾을 수 없었다. 그러나 Hoek-Brown 파괴규준을 이용해 추정한 암반강도는 주면지지력과 좋은 상관관계를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 암반의 풍화 및 절리상태를 대변한다고 판단되는 암반물성치(e.g. $E_m$, $E_{ur}$, $p_{lm}$, RMR, RQD, j)들과 주면지지력의 상관성 분석을 통해 얻은 최적회귀곡선의 상관계수 또한 대부분의 경우 0.75 이상으로 좋은 상관성을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 추가적으로, 본 연구의 결과를 이용하여 기존의 주면지지력 추정방법의 풍화암/연암에의 적용성을 재하시험결과와의 비교를 통해 고찰하였다. 암반상태를 고려한 기존의 주면지지력 추정방법은 각각 암체계수(j) 0.15 이상, RQD 60 이상의 비교적 상태가 양호한 암반에 대해서만 제안되어 있으므로, 암체계수 0.15 이하, RQD 0~50인 연암 및 풍화암에 대한 본 연구의 결과를 이용하여 암반상태가 불량한 암반까지 이들 방법의 적용성을 보완 및 확장하였다.

In this research, the effect of rock mass weathering on the side shear resistance of drilled shaft socketed into igneous-metamorphic rock was investigated. For that, 23 cast-in-place concrete piles with diameters varying from 400mm to 1,500mm were constructed at four different sites, and the static axial load tests were performed to examine the resistant behavior of the piles. A comprehensive field/laboratory testing program at the field test site was also performed to describe the in situ rock mass conditions quantitatively. The side shear resistance of rock socketed piles was found to have no intimate correlation with the compressive strength of the intact rock. However, the global rock mass strength, which was calculated by the Hoek and Brown criteria, was found to closely correlate to the side shear resistance. The ground investigation data regarding the rock mass conditions (e.g. $E_m$, $E_{ur}$, $p_{lm}$, RMR, RQD, j) were also found to be highly correlated with the side shear resistance, showing the coefficients of correlation greater than 0.75 in most cases. Additionally, the applicability of existing methods for the side shear resistance of weathered granite-gneiss was verified by comparison with the field test data. The existing methods which consider the effect of rock mass condition were modified and/or extended for weathered rock mass where mass factor j is lower than 0.15, and RQD is below 50%.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. 도로교설계기준(2001) 하부구조편, 대한토목학회, pp. 230-232
  2. 조천환, 이혁진(2006) GSI를 이용한 암반에 근입된 현장타설말뚝의 주면저항력 산정, 대한토목학회 논문집, 대한토목학회, 제26권, 제1C호, pp. 25-31
  3. AASHTO (1996) Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
  4. Bieniawski, Z.T. (1989) Engineering in Rock mass Classifications. Wiley-Interscience, New York
  5. Carter, J.P. and Kulhawy, F.H. (1988). Analysis and design of drilled shaft foundations socketed into rock. Report EL-5918, Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, California
  6. FHWA (1999) Drilled Shafts: Construction Procedures and Design Methods, Publication FHWA-IF-99-025. FHWA, U.S. Department of Transportation
  7. Hoek, E. and Brown, E.T. (1997) Practical estimates of rock mass strength, International Journal of Rock Mech. & Mining Sci. & Geomecahnics Abstracts. Vol. 34, No. 8, pp. 1165-1186 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1365-1609(97)80069-X
  8. Hoek, E. Kaiser, P.K., and Bawden, W.F. (1995) Support of underground excavations in hard rock. Rotterdam: Balkema
  9. Horvath, R.G. and Kenny, T.C. (1979) Shaft resistance of rocksocketed drilled piers. Drilled Shaft Design and Construction in Florida. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Florida, Gainsville
  10. Jeon, K.S. (2000) Analysis of Vertical and Horizontal Resistance Behavior of Cast-in-situ Concrete Piles in Completely Weathered Granite Gneiss, PhD Thesis, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
  11. Kim, J.H. (1997) Analysis of Resistant Behaviour of Cast In-situ Concrete Piles Socketed in Gneiss, PhD thesis, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
  12. Kulhawy, F.H. and Phoon, K.K. (1993) Drilled shaft side resistance in clay soil to rock. Design and performance of deep foundations. Geotech. Spec. Pub. No. 38, pp. 172-183
  13. Kwon, O.S. (2004) Effect of Rock Mass Weathering on Resistant Behavior of dRilled Shaft Socketed into Weathered Rock, PhD Thesis, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
  14. Kwon, O.S., Choi, Y., Kwon, O., Kim, M.M. (2005). Comparison of the bidirectional load test with the top-down load test, In Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 1936, pp. 108-116
  15. LCPC-SETRA (1985) Regles de justificaton des fondations sur pieux a partir des resultats des essais pressiometriques. Ministre de L'Urbanisme du logement et des Transports, Paris. (in French)
  16. McVay, M. C., Townsend, F. C., and Williams, R. C. (1992) Design of socketed drilled shafts in limestone. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, Vol. 118, No. 10, pp. 1626-1637 https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9410(1992)118:10(1626)
  17. Ng, W.W., Yau, L.Y., Li, H.M., and Tang, H. (2001). Side resistance of large diameter bored piles socketed into decomposed rocks, Journal of Geogechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Vol. 126, No. 8, pp. 642-657
  18. O'Neill, M.W. and Hassan, K.M. (1994) Drilled shafts: Effects of construction on performance and design criteria, Proceedings of International Conference on Design and Construction of Deep Foundations, Vol. 1, FHWA, Orlando, pp. 137-187
  19. Pabon, G. and Nelson, P.P. (1993) Behavior of instrumented model piers in manufactured rock with a soft layer. Design and Performance of Deep Foundations. Geotech. Spec. Pub. No. 38, pp. 260-276
  20. Rowe, R.K. and Armitage, H.H. (1987). A design method for drilled piers in soft rock, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 24, pp. 126-142 https://doi.org/10.1139/t87-011
  21. Williams, A.F., Johnston, I.W., and Donald, I.B. (1980) The design of socketed piles in weak rock, Proceedings, International Conference on Structural Foundations on Rock, Balkema, Sydney, pp. 327-347
  22. Williams, A.F. and Pells, P.J.N. (1981) Side resistance rock sockets in sandstone, mudstone, and shale, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 18, pp. 502-513 https://doi.org/10.1139/t81-061