초록
보리의 저항성 정도에 따른 바이러스병에 의한 생육 및 수량 피해를 조사하였다. 1. 병징 발생정도에 따라 백동과 새쌀보리가 각각 $7{\sim}9$와 $5{\sim}7$의 이병정도를 보여 감수성과 중도저항성을, 내한쌀보리는 $0{\sim}1$ 정도로 저항성으로 조사되었다. 2. 감수성과 중도저항성 품종에서 Barley yellow mosaic virus와 Barley mild mosaic virus의 감염이 확인되었으나, 저항성인 내한쌀보리는 바이러스 감염이 검정되지 않았다. 3. 월동 후 생육 신장 조사에서 저항성은 지속적인 생육 증가 현상을 나타낸 반면, 중도저항성과 감수성 품종은 $10.5{\sim}11.8cm$ 신장이 억제되는 생육 피해를 보였다. 4. 수량구성 요소의 피해를 건전포장 결과와 비교했을 때 중도저항성과 감수성 품종에서 저항성에 비해 출수기, 수수, 간장 등에서 특히 차이가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 감수성 품종에서 출수기는 7일 늦어졌고, 간장과 수수는 50% 이하의 생육을 보였으며, 중도저항성에서는 수수와 간장의 생육이 일반 포장에 비해 20% 정도 억제되는 피해를 보였다. 5. 품종별 저항성 정도에 따른 수량 피해 정도를 조사 결과, 병 발생이 없는 일반포장에 비해 중도저항성과 감수성 품종에서 10a당 $108{\sim}288kg$ 감소되는 피해를 보인 것으로 조사되었다. 6. 바이러스 감염시 중도저항성인 새쌀보리는 평균 35%의 수량 감소 피해를 보였으며, 감수성인 백동의 경우 평균 63%의 수량 감소 피해를 나타내었다.
Viral diseases, especially Barley yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV) and Barley mud mosaic virus (BaMMV), have been most serious in barley fields. In this study, we investigated the effect of different level of resistance to viral diseases on the plant growth and yield in barley. Various viral disease symptoms on leaves of overwintered plants were similar between medial-resistant and susceptible varieties of Saessalbori and Baegdong. In diagnosis of virus infection, BaYMV and BaMMV were detected in Saessalbori and Baegdong, but not in the resistant variety, Naehanssalbori. Plant height was restrained about $11{\sim}12cm$ prior to heading in Saessalbori and Baegdong comparing to Naehanssalbori. Even if both varieties were medial resistant to virus diseases, Saessalbori was different from Baegdong in heading date and culm length due to its recovery from viral damages prior to heading. Both medial-resistant and susceptible varieties were quite different from the resistant variety in yield components such as heading date, number of spikes and culm length when evaluated in the virus-infected or non-infected field. Baegdong delayed 7 days in heading date and reduced by more than 50% in culm length and spike numbers as compared to Naehanssalbori. On the other hand, Saessalbori showed similar heading date, but was shorter by 20% in culm length than Naehanssalbori. Three varieties tested in the non-infected field over two years were not significantly different for yield potential with ranges of $340{\sim}405kg/10a$. However, significant yield reduction (P<0.01) was observed in Saessalbori and Baegdong with ranges of $108{\sim}288kg/10a$ as compared to Naehanssalbori (391 kg/10a) when tested in the virus-infected field. Yield potentials of Saessalbori and Baegdong reduced by 35 and 63%, respectively in the virus-infected field as compared to those in the non-infected field. Our results showed that damages from virus diseases were significant on the early plant growth to yield and its components in barley.
