Changes in pH, Temperature, R-values and Calpain Activity of M. longissimus from Hanwoo Steer during Rigor Development

사후시간 경과가 한우 거세우 배최장근의 pH, 온도, R-value 및 단백질 분해효소 활성에 미치는 영향

  • Published : 2005.09.01

Abstract

The changes in pH, temperature, R-values and ${\mu}-calpain$ and its inhibitor activity of M. longissimus from Hanwoo steer were investigated at 1, 3, 9 and 24h postmortem. The pH and temperature of M. longissimus were significantly (p<0.05) decreased during 24h postmortem time, and were 6.50 and $31.99^{\circ}C$, respectively, at 3h postmortem. $R_{248}\;and\;R_{250}$ were increased, but $R_{258}$ was decreased after 9h postmortem time (p<0.05). Calpain I and calpastatin activity were decreased after 3h and 9h postmortem time, respectively (p<0.05). pH and temperature showed high positive correlations with $R_{258}$ (r=0.967 and r=0.970, respectively), calpain I (r =0.956 and r=0.954, respectively) and calpastatin (r=0.978 and r=0.986, respectively) but had high negative correlations with $R_{248}$ (r=-0.982 and r=-0.973, respectively) and $R_{248}$ (r=-0.983 and r=-0.976, respectively). from these results, the change of postmortem metabolism of M. longissimus from Hanwoo steer likely occurred after 9h postmortem time. However, the further study on the establishment of metabolism from Hanwoo between postmortem 3h and 9h are necessary to produce Hanwoo beef with high acceptance in meat quality.

본 연구는 한우고기의 품질에 영향을 미치는 사후 대사변화를 구명하고자 사후 1, 3, 9, 24시간별에 따라 한우 거세우 배최장근의 pH, 도체온도, R-value 및 단백질분해효소 활성측정을 수행하였다. 도체 pH와 온도는 사후 시간이 경과함에 따라 유의적으로 감소하였고(p<0.05), 사후 3시간에 6.50($31.99^{\circ}C$)을 나타내었다. $R_{248}$$R_{250}$ 값은 사후 9시간부터 유의적으로 증가하였지만, $R_{258}$ 값은 사후 9시간부터 감소하였다(p<0.05). Calpain I 활성은 사후 3시간부터 유의적으로 감소하였고, calpastatin 활성은 사후 9시간부터 유의적으로 감소하였다(p<0.05). pH와 도체온도는 $R_{258}$, calpain I, calpastatin에서 0.95이상의 높은 정의 상관관계를 나타내었지만, $R_{248}$$R_{250}$에서는 -0.97 이상의 부의 상관관계를 보였다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면, 사후9시간 이후에 대사 변화가 급격히 발생하는 것으로 나타났고, pH와 도체온도의 상관도가 높아 잠재적인 연화능력의 예측이 가능할 것으로 사료되지만, 사후 3시간부터 9시간 사이의 대사변화에 대하여 좀 더 심도 깊은 연구할 필요가 있을 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Choi, Y. I., Kim, Y. K., and Lee, C. L. (1995) Effects of packaging method and aging temperature on color, tenderness and storage characteristics of Korean beef. Korean J. Anim. Sci. 37, 639-650
  2. Dransfield, E., Wakefield, K., and Parkman, I. (1992) Modelling postmortem tenderisation. 1. Texture of electrically stimulated and non-stimulated beef. Meat Sci. 31, 57-73 https://doi.org/10.1016/0309-1740(92)90072-C
  3. Geesink, G. H. (1993) Postmortem muscle proteolysis and beef tenderness with special reference to the action of the calpain/calpastatin system. Ph. D. Dissertation. Utrecht, The Netherlands
  4. Kim, Y. S., Sainz, R. D., and Lee, Y. B. (1992) Note on the comparison of calpains I, II and calpastatin activity in two different types of porcine skeletal muscles. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 105A, 235-237
  5. Koh, K. C., Bidner, T. D., McMillan, K. W., and Kim, M. B. (1993) The relationship between ATP and R-value in postmortem bovine longissimus dorsi muscle. Meat Sci. 33, 253-263 https://doi.org/10.1016/0309-1740(93)90063-N
  6. Koohmaraie, M. (1990) Quantification of $Ca^{+}$-dependent protease activities by hydrophobic and ion-exchange chromatography. J. Anim. Sci. 68, 659-665 https://doi.org/10.2527/1990.683659x
  7. Lahucky, R., Palanska, O., Mojito, J., Zaujec, K., and Huba, J. (1998) Effect of preslaughter handeling on muscle glycogen level and selected meat quality traits in beef. Meat Sci. 50, 389-393 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1740(98)00042-4
  8. Lawrie, R. A. (1998) Chemical and biochemical constitution of muscle. In R. A. Lawrie, Lawrie's Meat Science. Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing Limited. pp. 58-95
  9. Marsh, B. B., Lochner, J. V., Takahashi, G., and Kragness, D. D. (1981) Effects of early post-mortem pH and temperature on beef tenderness. Meat Sci. 5, 479-483 https://doi.org/10.1016/0309-1740(81)90046-2
  10. Marsh, B. B., Ringkob, T. P., Russel, R. L., Swartz, D. R., and Pagal, L. A. (1987) Effects of early-postmortem glycolytic rate on beef tenderness. Meat Sci. 21, 241-248 https://doi.org/10.1016/0309-1740(87)90061-1
  11. Moloney, A. P., Mooney, M. T., Kerry, J. P., and Troy, D. J. (2001) Producing tender and flavoursome beef with enhanced nutritional characteristics. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 60, 221-229 https://doi.org/10.1079/PNS200077
  12. Olsson, U., Hertzman, C., and Tornberg, E. (1994) The influence of low temperature, type of muscle and electrical stimulation on the course of rigor mortis, ageing and tenderness of beef muscles. Meat Sci. 37, 115-131 https://doi.org/10.1016/0309-1740(94)90149-X
  13. Purchas, R. W., Yan, X., and and Hartley, D. G. (1999) The influence of a period of ageing on the relationship between ultimate pH and shear values of beef M. longissimus thoracis. Meat Sci. 51, 135-141 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1740(98)00111-9
  14. Rhee, M. S. and Kim, B. C. (2001) Effect of low voltage electrical stimulation and temperature conditioning on postmortem changes in glycolysis and calpains activities of Korean native cattel (Hanwoo). Meat Sci. 58, 231-237 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1740(00)00155-8
  15. Stryer, L. (1988) Glycolysis. In Biochemistry, 3rd Edn, p 352. W. H. Freeman and Company, New York, USA
  16. Wheeler, T. L. and Koohmaraie, M. (1991) A modified procedure for simultaneous extraction and subsequent assay of calcium-dependent and lysosomal protease systems from a skeletal muscle biopsy. J. Anim. Sci. 69, 1559-1565 https://doi.org/10.2527/1991.6941559x
  17. Whipple, G., Koohmaraie, M., Dikeman, M. E., and Crouse, J. D. (1990) Effects of high temperature conditioning on enzymatic activity and tenderness of Bos indicus longissimus muscle. J. Ani. Sci. 68, 3654-3662 https://doi.org/10.2527/1990.68113654x