Korean journal of applied entomology (한국응용곤충학회지)

Korean Society of Applied Entomology (한국응용곤충학회)
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Regulation of Spider Mite Populations by Predacious Mite Complex in an Unsprayed Apple Orchard

장기간 약제 무살포 사과원에서 포식성 응애류에 의한 잎응애류 밀도 억제

  • Published : 2003.09.01
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Abstract

Spider mites and their predacious mites were surveyed in an apple orchard where pesticides have not been applied for a long time, to understand the undisrupted predacious mite complex and their role in the controling spider mites. Spider mites occurring in the orchard were different to those in conventional orchards. A few Tetranychus urticae and Panonychus ulmi were observed, while T. kanzawai was abundant during growing season. Four species of phytoseiids, Amblyseius eharai, A. kokufuensis, A. womersleyi and Typhlodromus vulgaris, and one stigmaeid species of Agistemus terminalis were observed from leaf samples in the orchard. Among them, T. vulgaris occurred from early cool season with low T. kanzawai densities through to mid-and late-season. A. womersleyi was observed only during mid-season when T. kanzawai densities were high with hot weather. Amblyseius eharai and A. kokufuensis occured only in early season, but A. terminalis density increased from mid-season and lasted to late-season. The predacious mite complex regulated the density of T. kanzawai approximately under 8 mites per leaf. Tentatively concluding, T. vulgaris is an adaptable predator at lower prey density under cool weather condition, and A. womersleyi is effective predator at higher prey density under hot weather condition. Further, the biological control strategies of spider mites in Korean orchards were discussed based on the predacious mite complex.

생태적으로 교란되지 않은 과수생태계에서 포식성 응애류 종 구성과 그들의 잎응애류 밀도조절 작용을 이해하기 위하여 장기간 약제를 살포하지 않은 사과원에서 연간 그들의 밀도변화를 조사하였다. 약제를 장기간 살포하지 않은 본 조사 과원에서 발생되고 있는 잎응애류는 일반관행방제 과원과는 크게 달랐다. 점박이응애와 사과응애는 거의 발생이 없었으며 차응애가 연중발생하였다. 포식성 응애로 Amblyseius ehurai (긴꼬리 이리응애), A. kokufuensis (꽃병이리응애), Tyhlodromus vulgaris (대중이리응애), A. womersieyi (긴털이 리응애) 등 4종의 이리응애(Phytoseiid)와 마름응애류(Stigmaeidae)인 Agistemus terminalis 1종이 발견되었다. 그 중 T. vuigaris는 차응애밀도가 낮고 기온이 서늘한 생육초기부터 발생을 시작하여 생육중기 및 생육후기까지 발생하였다. 반면 A. womersleyi는 고온기, 차응애 밀도가 높은 때 한하여 발생되었고, A. eharai와 A. kokufuensis는 초기 발생 후 그 뒤로는 발생하지 않았다. A. terminalis생육중기부터 발생을 시작하여 생육후기까지 지속적으로 밀도를 유지하였다. 이와 같은 포식성 응애류 상은 차응애 밀도를 잎당 약 8마리 이내로 조절하였다. 잠정적 결론으로써 T. vulgaris는 잎응애 밀도가 낮고 서늘한 기온 상태에 정착할 수 있는 종이고 A. womersleyi는 잎응애 밀도가 높고 고온 상태에서 효과적인 포식자로 생각된다. 기타 우리나라 과수원에서 포식응애류 계획적 관리에 기초를 둔 잎응애류 생물적 방제 전략에 대하여 고찰하였다.

Keywords

References

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