• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.321-333
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• 2013

As environmental sustainability becomes a key consideration in policy-making, more responsible consumption and utilization in daily life concern both health and quality of life. To address inequities in health in relation to environments, waste management has taken more progressive ways, and one of them is biomass-to-energy conversion that utilizes energy recovery from food waste. By extension, a food waste zero-emission system using fermentation and extinction technology gains much attention, so that this study is designed to examine residents' attitudes toward recycling food waste produced at home and toward food waste zero-emission system. Utilizing a survey questionnaire, this research collected data from 400 individual units of multifamily housing estates nationwide, and the data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings indicate that food waste generated at home was highly water-contained and produced in the stage of food preparation before cooking while respondents viewed that food waste collection and treatment needed to be improved. It's noted that respondents strongly supported the use of food waste as a energy source and would have the use of the food waste zero-emission system built in kitchen sink. Regression analysis showed that educational attainment of housewives, cooking style, and planning food purchase were statistically significant factors in the attitude of the responded residents toward recycling food waste while none of the factors were in the attitude toward the food waste zero-emission system.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.219-227
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• 2016

As the largest source of food waste is housing, and the food waste properties are good enough to recycle, the proactive approach to conventional food waste disposal is highly regarded. This research is to examine food waste management in the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA) and non-SMA and to analyze the public inclination to disseminate zero-food waste system (ZFWS) with fermentation and extinction technology in multifamily housing estates. The self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted and the collected data were statistically analyzed. The main findings are summarized as follows: food waste in multifamily housing estates were retrieved by refuse truck and largely recycled for compost and forage. Also, many local governments were in favor of ZFWS, and unwilling to invest in it due to financial constraint. It's found that logistics of ZFWS is likely to be influenced by important features such as a considerable amount of cost saving, effective energy recovery, and efficient operation/management.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.140-156
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to review and establish the three concepts of upcycling, zero-waste fashion design, and regional sustainability through a review of domestic and international case studies. Furthermore, it will provide the theoretical basis for using upcycling as a regional sustainability practice to create zero-waste fashion design. To conduct an empirical study, we systematized the stages of the survey on waste resources in Changsin-dong, the sourcing and utilization of waste resources, the design-planning stage, and the co-production with pattern and sewing masters as a suggested practice for regional sustainability. Through this study, we propose the possibility of regional sustainability by developing and sharing the method of zero-waste fashion design. The conclusion of the study as follows: First, upcycling fashion designs can be extended to a regional sustainability practice by taking the characteristics of social design into account. Second, by providing a design development process and methodology suitable for regional sustainability application, it is helpful to revitalize regional upcycling fashion brands and communities by providing data for upcycled fashion branding. Third, as part of the revitalization project for the Chang-shin and Soongin areas that started in 2014, using the region's economic, cultural, and environmental characteristics to make and sell high-value, upcycled fashion products will contribute to social and economic achievements and aid in solving regional problems.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.46-53
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• 2018

This study explores the environmentally innovative and low-impact technology, a zero food waste system (ZFWS) that utilizes food waste and converts it into composts or biofuels and curtails carbon emissions. The ZFWS not just achieves food waste reductions but recycles food waste into fertilizer. Based on a fermentation-extinction technique using bio wood chips, the ZFWS was employed in a field experiment of the system installed in a large-scale apartment complex, and the performance of the system was examined. The on-site ZFWS consisted of three primary parts: 1) a food waste slot into which food waste was injected; 2) a fermentation-extinction reactor where food waste was mixed with bio wood chips made up of complex enzyme and aseptic wood chips; and 3) deodorization equipment in which an ultraviolet and ozone photolysis method was employed. The field experiment showed that food waste injected into the ZFWS was reduced by 94%. Overall microbial activity of the food waste in the fermentation-extinction reactor was measured using adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP), and the degradation rate of organic compounds, referred to as volatile solids, increased with ATP concentration. The by-products generated from ZFWS comply with the national standard for organic fertilizer.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.28-32
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• 2011

This paper introduces about the study on the construction of zero energy villages in Korea using waste and biomass, and explains how to analyze the quantity of various resources from agriculture, livestock industry, forestry, and food waste with a village as a unit. Finally, three different scenarios for the construction of zero energy villages were suggested, based on the presumed amount of energy per each town.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.65 no.4
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• pp.91-108
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• 2015

As a solution to the wasteful consumption of resources in fashion design, this research aims to develop a process guideline for ZWF Design Methods from an educational perspective. After selecting the Jigsaw Puzzle, Subtraction Cutting, and Layer Methods as representative ZWF Methods, an application experiment was designed to deduct each Method's process, characteristics, needs, and improvement points. Its results were analyzed through action protocol analysis, expert evaluation, and qualitative analysis. Based on the analysis, this research proposed a ZWF guideline and a step-by-step guide suitable to the students' needs. By following the guideline, students can use the chosen ZWF Method to create a planned or an accidental design. In addition, they can practice ZWF effectively step by step in the order of Layer, Jigsaw Puzzle, and Subtraction Cutting. Thus, this research can provide the basis for ZWF education, which can lead to expanded application of ZWF in the future and reduce textile waste.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.62-65
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• 2002

Permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) are in-situ barriers constructed in a subsurface to treat contaminated groundwater using various reactive media. The common reactive medium used in PRB is zero-valent iron, which has been widely used to treat chlorinated solvents (i.e., PCE, TCE). A disadvantage of iron media is high cost. In this study, waste foundry sands were tested to determine the feasibility of their use as a low cost reactive medium. Batch and column tests were conducted with TCE to determine transport parameters and reactivity of the foundry sands. The reactivities of foundry sands for common groundwater contaminants are comparable to or slightly higher than those for Peerless iron, a common medium used in PRBs. In addition, the TOC and clay in foundry sands can significantly retard the movement of target contaminant, which may result in lower effluent concentration of contaminant due to biodegradation. In general, PRBs 1-m thick can be constructed with many foundry sands to treat TCE provided the zero-valent iron content in the foundry sand is higher than 1%.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.15-21
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• 2012

MTBE (Methyl tertiary-butyl ether) has been commonly used as an octane enhancer to replace tetraethyl lead in gasoline, because MTBE increases the efficiency of combustion and decreases the emission of carbon monoxide. However, MTBE has been found in groundwater from the fuel spills and leaks in the UST (Underground Storage Tank). Fenton's oxidation, an advanced oxidation catalyzed with ferrous iron, is successful in removing MTBE in groundwater. However, Fenton's oxidation requires the continuous addition of dissolved $Fe^{2+}$. Zero-valent iron is available as a source of catalytic ferrous iron of MFO (Modified Fenton's Oxidation) and has been studied for use in PRBs (Permeable Reactive Barriers) as a reactive material. Therefore, this study investigated the condition of optimization in MFO-PRBs using waste zero-valent iron (ZVI) with the waste steel scrap to treat MTBE contaminated groundwater. Batch tests were examined to find optimal molar ratio of MTBE : $H_2O_2$ on extent to degradation of MTBE in groundwater at pH 7 with 10% waste ZVI. As the results, the ratio of optimization of MTBE to hydrogen peroxide for MFO was determined to be 1:300[mM]. The column experiment was conducted to know applicability of MFO-PRBs for MTBE remediation in groundwater. As the results of column test, MTBE was removed 87% of the initial concentration during 120days of operational period. Interestingly, MTBE was degraded not only within waste ZVI column but also within sand column. It means the aquifer may affect continuously the MTBE contaminated groundwater after throughout the waste ZVI barrier. The residual products showed acetone, TBF (Tert-butyl formate) and TBA (Tert-butyl acetate) during this test. The results of the present study showed that the recycled materials can be effectively used for not only a source of catalytic ferrous iron but also a reactive material of the MFO-PRBs to remove MTBE in groundwater.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2018.11a
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• pp.355-356
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• 2018

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.29-37
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• 2013

In this study, a zero-cement brick is manufactured by replacing cement with recycled aggregates and blast furnace slag powder. Experimental tests were conducted with standard sized samples of $190{\times}57{\times}90mm$ (KS F 4004), and this manufacturing technique was simulated in practice. Results showed that the zero-cement brick with 0.35 W/B had the highest compressive strength, but the lowest absorption ratio. This absorption ratio of zero-cement brick with 0.35 W/B was lower than the required level determined by KS F 4004. Hence, to increase the absorption ratio, crushed fine aggregate (CA) and emulsified waste vegetable oil (EWO) were used in combination in the zero-cement brick. It was found that the zero-cement brick with CA of 20% and EWO of 1% had the optimum combination, in terms of having the optimum strength development (12 MPa) and the optimum absorption ratio (8.4%) that satisfies the level required by KS. In addition, it is demonstrated that for the manufacturing of zero-cement brick of 1000, this technique reduces the manufacturing cost by 5% compared with conventional cement brick.