• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.67-72
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• 1997

In order to investigate the effect of feeding live yeast (Sacckaromyces cerevisiae) on the growth performance and changes of intestinal microorganism (E. coli), a growth assay was conducted with 144 broiler chicks. Treatments were consisted of corn-soybean meal control, 0.05% live yeast, and 0.05% dead yeast. Most of the chick protein of the live yeast was in the pure protein form, and had a high amino acid composition with 47% of essential amino acids and 53% of non-essential amino acids. No differences in growth performance were shown among dietany treatments. Total number of E. coli in the small intestine of chicks fed either live or dead yeast was significantly reduced compared to chicks fed the control diet. Although the changes of E. coli in the cecum were not identical to differences in the small intestine, the changes of E. coli in the cecurn had a similar trend.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.547-554
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• 2008

In performance, digestibility and slaughter trials, a total of forty five male weaned lambs were used to examine the effects of monensin and live yeast supplementations on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass characteristics and ruminal fermentation parameters when the lambs were fed steam-flaked corn-based diets. Animals were allotted to one of three treatment diets in a completely randomized design. The three treatment diets were: (1) basal diet (CON) with steam-flaked corn as a sole grain source, (2) basal diet supplemented with monensin (MO), and (3) basal diet supplemented with live yeast (LY). Total average daily intake (ADI) was unaffected by MO and LY supplementations. LY supplementation increased (p<0.05) average daily gain (ADG) by 13.1% compared with the CON diet. Both MO and LY supplementations resulted in a significant improvement (p<0.05) of feed efficiency over the CON diet (4.47, 4.68 vs. 5.05). Hemicellulose digestibility was higher (p<0.05) for lambs in the LY supplementation group (62.4%) as compared with the CON group (55.7%), but no differences were observed in digestibilities of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF). All carcass traits were not influenced by dietary supplementations. Ruminal pH in lambs fed the LY supplemental diet was more stable than that with the CON diet (6.57 vs. 6.17). Neither MO nor LY supplementation influenced the concentration of ruminal ammonia-N and total volatile fatty acid (VFA), and molar percentages of individual VFA. Plasma urea-N concentration was decreased (p<0.05) by MO and LY supplementations, while plasma ${\beta}$-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), glucose and other blood parameters were unaffected. In conclusion, while both MO and LY supplementations had a positive impact on feed efficiency and LY supplementation stabilized ruminal pH and improved fiber utilization, none of the supplements had the capacity to significantly enhance the carcass characteristics.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.211-220
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• 2017

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of yeast with bacteriocin and Lactobacillus cultures (mixture of Lactobacillus agilis BCRC 10436 and Lactobacillus reuteri BCRC 17476) supplements, alone or in combination, on broiler chicken performance. Methods: A total of 300, 1-d-old healthy broiler chickens were randomly divided into five treatment groups: i) basal diet (control), ii) basal diet+0.25% yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (YC), iii) basal diet+0.25% yeast with bacteriocin (BA), iv) basal diet+Lactobacillus cultures (LAB), and v) basal diet +0.25% yeast with bacteriocin+Lactobacillus cultures (BA+LAB). Growth performance, cecal microbiota, cecal fermentation products, and blood biochemistry parameters were determined when chickens were 21 and 35 d old. Results: The supplementation of YC, BA, and BA+LAB resulted in a significantly better feed conversion rate (FCR) than that of the control group during 1 to 21 d (p<0.05). The LAB supplementation had a significant effect on the presence of Lactobacillus in the ceca at 35 d. None of the supplements had an effect on relative numbers of L. agilis and L. reuter at 21 d, but the BA supplementation resulted in the decrease of both Lactobacillus strains at 35 d. The BA+LAB supplementation resulted in higher short chain fatty acid (SCFA) in the ceca, but LAB supplementation significantly decreased the SCFA at 35 d (p<0.05). All treatments tended to decrease ammonia concentration in the ceca at 21 d, especially in the LAB treatment group. The BA supplementation alone decreased the triacylglycerol (TG) concentration significantly at 21 d (p<0.05), but the synergistic effect of BA and LAB supplementation was required to reduce the TG concentration at 35 d. The YC supplementation tended to increase the plasma cholesterol at 21 d and 35 d. However, the BA supplementation significantly decreased the cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol level at 35 d. In conclusion, the BA+LAB supplementation was beneficial to body weight gain and FCR of broiler chickens. Conclusion: The effect of BA and LAB supplementation may be a result of the growth of lactic acid bacteria enhancement and physiological characterization of bacteriocin, and it suggests that the BA and LAB supplementation level or Lactobacillus strain selection should be integrated in future supplementation designs.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.363-375
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• 1996

The effects of the yeast, Phaffia rhodozyme in the diet on growth, body composition, muscle elasticity and pigmentation of Israeli strain of common carp, colored carp and Nile tilapia were investigated. Ten percent of the yeast was added to semi purified diet as an experimental feed 1. Ten percent of brewers yeast in the semi purified diet (experimental feed 2) was tested for comparing the growth performance between two semi purified diets. A commercial diet was also used for the check of growth rate of the semi purified diets. All experimental fish were fed for 10 weeks. The weight gains among the experimental fish were not significantly different (P>0.05). There were not significantly different in body composition, muscle elasticity among the the fishes fed three experimental diets. There were significant differences (P<0.05) of pigment deposition in the muscle of Israeli strain of common can and on the skin of colored carp between treated and non treated group. But there were no differences of pigment deposition in flesh and skin of tilapia among the three diets.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.463-468
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• 2000

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Kluyveromyces fragilis, Candida utilis and brewer's yeast as an additive in formulated diets containing different fish meal levels ($55{\%} and 45{\%}$) on growth and body composition of juvenile Korean rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli). Juvenile rockfish (average weight, 2.6 g) were distributed into 24 tanks with 3 replication groups and fed eight isoproteic ($41{\%}$) and isolipidic ($11{\%}$) diets containing each level ($3{\%}$) of K. frayilis, C. utilis and brewer's yeast as an additive. Survival rate of fish was not affected by dietary fish meal level and yeast kind (P > 0.05). Weight gain of fish fed the control and diets containing C. utilis and brewer's yeast was not influenced by fish meal level (P > 0.05), Weight gain of fish fed the $55{\%}$ fish meal diet containing C. utilis and $45{\%}$ fish meal diets containing K. fragilis and C. utilis was lower than that of fish fed the control diet (P < 0.05). Feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio of fish fed the control and diet containing brewer's yeast were not affected by fish meal level, but these value of fish fed the diets containing K, fragilis and C. utilis were lower in $45{\%}$ fish meal diets than in $55{\%}$ fish meal diets. Hepatosomatic index and liver lipid content of fish fed the diet containing C. utilis were decreased regardless of fish meal level (P < 0.05), Hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cell, plasma total protein and plasma total glucose were not affected by dietary fish meal levels and yeast supplements (P > 0.05). From the above results, it can be concluded that yeast supplement in this formulated diet for growth of juvenile rockfish is not necessary.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 2003

An experiment was conducted to study the effects of the dietary Cu sources on the performance of the weanling pigs. Forty-eight, 24 in each sex, 4 weeks old pigs were assigned to four treatments; control, methionine-Cu chelate, chitosan-Cu chelate or yeast-Cu chelate. Control diet contained 136ppm Cu to which additional 100ppm Cu in different chelated form was added to the respective treatment. Individual pig weight and feed intake of each pen were recorded weekly for 5 weeks. Average daily feed intakes(ADFI), average daily gains(ADG) and ADFI/ADG were not significantly different among treatments. Nutrient availability was not also significantly affected by treatments. Serum triglyceride concentration of chitosan-Cu treatment was significantly lower than those of methionine-Cu and yeast-Cu treatments but was not significantly different from that of the control. Serum cholesterol concentration of yeast-Cu was significantly lower than those of the control and methionine-Cu but was not significantly different from that of chitosan-Cu treatment. Serum HDL-cholesterol concentration was not significantly affected by treatments. Serum IgG concentrations of all copper treatments were significantly lower than that of the control. It was concluded that Cu-chelates supplemented to the basal diet (136ppm Cu) by the level of 100ppm Cu did not significantly affect growth performance of weaning pigs. However, serum parameters of cholesterol, cholesterol and IgG were significantly affected by the treatments.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.639-646
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• 2015

The effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae supplementation ($6.6{\times}10^8cfu$) and anhydrous ammonia treatment (3%) of wheat straw (WS) were investigated on in-situ dry matter (DM) degradability, and on rumen fermentation and growth performance of lambs. Rumen-fistulated Menemen sheep fed a diet with and without live yeast were used to assess the DM degradability characteristics of WS and ammonia-treated wheat straw ($WS_{NH3}$). Twenty-six yearling Menemen male lambs were fed in four groups. Lambs of control group (WS) received untreated WS without supplemental yeast, whereas other three groups were fed WS treated with anhydrous ammonia ($WS_{NH3}$ group), untreated WS and yeast (WS+YEAST group) or WS treated with anhydrous ammonia and yeast ($WS_{NH3}$+YEAST group). Supplemented live yeast (4 g/d) was added in the diet. Lambs were offered untreated or ammonia treated WS ad-libitum and concentrate was fed at 1% of live body weight. The degradability of the water-insoluble (fraction B) was significantly increased by all of the treatment groups. Potential degradability (A+B), effective DM degradability's (pe2, pe5, and pe8) and average daily weight gain increased only in $WS_{NH3}$+YEAST group (p<0.05). Voluntary DM intake was not increased by the treatments (p>0.05), but voluntary metabolizable energy and crude protein intake were increased by $WS_{NH3}$ and by $WS_{NH3}$+YEAST (p<0.05). Average daily rumen pH was not affected by any of the treatments, but average daily $NH_3$-N was significantly higher in the $WS_{NH3}$ and $WS_{NH3}$+YEAST groups, and total volatile fatty acids were significantly higher in the WS+YEAST and $WS_{NH3}$+YEAST groups. In conclusion, the improvement of feed value of WS was better by the combination of ammonia-treatment and yeast supplementation compared to either treatment alone.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.211-217
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• 2005

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (wild yeast mutant), Saccharomyces cerevisiae hFeHLC (ferritin containgig yeast) and chelated Fe diets on the Productivity and egg qualify of laying hens. A total of 245 'Brown Tetra' layers 35 weeks aged was randomly alloted to seven dietary treatments : 1) control diet no iron added, 2) diet supplemented $0.1\%$ wild yeast mutant (YM03), 3) diet supplemented $1.0\%$ wild yeast mutant (YM03), 4) diet supplemented $0.1\%$ ferritin with yeast (YF04), 5) diet supplemented $1.0\%$ ferritin with yeast (YF04), 6) diet supplemented $0.01\%$ chelated Fe and 7) diet supplemented $0.1\%$ chelated Fe. The egg Production rate was significantly increased in layers 134 Fe supplemented diets (p<0.05). Egg weight was significantly reduced in layers fed $0.1\%$ chelated Fe diet (P<0.05). Fe content of egg yolk was significantly increased in $1.0\%$ YF04 and $0.1\%$ chelated Fe treatments (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in shape index, albumin index and yolk index of eggs of layers fed diets Fe supplementation (P>0.05). The haugh unit of eggs was significantly increased in layers fed YM03, YF04 and chelated Fe supplemented diets (p<0.05). TBA value of egg was significantly increased in different iron Fe treatments except of $0.1\%$ YM03 (P<0.05). The yolk cole. of eggs was significantly increased in $1.0\%$ YF04 diet (P<0.05).

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.54-59
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• 2019

Yellow mealworms (Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus) are very promising insects for the food and feed industry. Because mealworms are in the spotlight as an alternative protein source in the future, it is necessary to develop efficient rearing techniques for mass production. To evaluate the effects of brewer's yeast (BY) on the growth of mealworms, Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus, the mealworms were fed with wheat bran (WB) diets containing different levels of BY (0, 10, 30, 50, and 70%). Larval survival, larval weight, development time, pupal weight and eclosion rate were monitored for 12 weeks. The results showed that mealworms fed on the diets containing 30% and 50% of BY have significantly higher weight gain, specific growth rate and daily weight gain, and lower larval duration than fed the control diet (100% WB) and other BY diets (10% and 70% BY). Larval survival on the diets containing 30% and 50% of BY was higher than on control diet. Pupal weight and eclosion rate were not significantly different among all diets. In conclusion, we suggest feeding the diet containing 30% of brewer's yeast with wheat bran in order to increase the production of mealworms.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.87-95
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• 1997

This experiment was conducted for compare domestic experimental microparticulated diets with imported commercial microparticulated diets in olive flounder larvae, Paralichthys olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel). Fish larve were fed four microparticulated diets from 8th day after hatching. Four diets were two commercial microparticulated diets D and H, and experimental microparticulated diets K1 and K2 formulated each with different protein sources (diet K1 ; squid meal, blood meal, yeast extract, chlorella powder, olive flounder muscle, Lys, and Met ; diet K2 ; whole egg protein, krill meal, short-necked clam meal, squid muscle, live yeast, yeast extract, and casein). There were no significant differences on body weight, body length and survival rates among four diet treatments up to the 40th day after hatching. At the 83th day after hatching, fish fed diet D had a significantly higher survival rate than that of fish fed diet K2, whereas there was no significant difference between to diet H and K1. Fish fed diet D had a significantly higher body weight than these of fish fed diaet K1 and K2, whereas there was no significant difference between fish fed diet D and H. There was no significant difference on EPA and DHA of body fatty acid composition among four diet treatments up to the 83th day after hatching. These results show that nutritionally well-ballanced domestic microparticulated diets for olive flouner lavae can be developed.