• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.589-599
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• 2017

Objective: The objective of this study was to measure the upper-limb motions and postures of grapes-harvesting tasks using electrical goniometers and analyze the upper-limb motions in a kinematic way to assess the risk of musculoskeletal disorders. Background: Grapes farmers are exposed to various risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) such as repetitive upper-limb motions, non-neutral postures, and manual handling of heavy items. The farmers have to use scissors repetitively while harvesting grapes with their being arms elevated over the shoulder height, which presumed to increase the physical workload. It has been reported that the grapes farmers feel the harvesting task as the one of the hardest work in cultivating grapes. We tried measure the wrist and elbow angles while the farmers were carrying out harvesting tasks to understand how much workload the work impose on the farmers, which can be helpful in making interventions of preventing musculosksletal disorders among grapes farmers. Method: We measured joint angles at the right wrist and elbow with a wireless measuring system with two electrical goniometers from five grape farmers. The grapes-harvesting task was classified into 6 different subtasks: 1) searching, 2) picking, 3) cleaning, 4) carrying, 6) storing, and 7) miscellaneous tasks. The subtasks were compared by mean angles, 10%, 50%, and 90% APDF values of wrist flexion/extension, ulnar/radial deviation, and elbow flexion. Results: The Kruskal-Wallis tests showed that the 10th percentiles of APDF of ulnar/radial deviation and flexion/extension of the wrist significantly differs among subtasks (p<0.05). It was found that the farmers assumed more deviated wrist postures in the ulnar direction when they picking and adjusting the grapes. The use of scissors seemed to force the farmers to severely bend their wrist in the directions of ulnar deviation and flexion. The grapes-harvesting task showed similar wrist postures and motion with poultry deboning and milking tasks. Conclusion: The grapes harvesting tasks make the farmers take ulnar deviated and extended postures in the wrist. The use of scissors makes them take more severely deviated postures in the wrist. Safety guidelines including use of ergonomic scissors can be provided to the farmers to improve their work conditions. Application: The results of this study can be used as a basic data for the development of safety guidelines for agricultural work.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.321-327
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• 2021

Wrist PA-grip view는 주변 인대들의 손상을 쉽게 진단할 수 있기 때문에 삼각섬유연골 파열 진단에 시행한다. 그러나 의료장비 기술의 발전에도 불구하고 기하학적 요소에 따른 영상의 왜곡은 아직까지도 많은 제한점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 정확한 Wrist PA-grip view 검사를 위해 현재 사용되고 있는 검사방법에서 발생되는 왜곡을 분석하여 영상의 왜곡을 최소한으로 감소시킬 수 있는 검사방법을 제시하고자 한다. Wrist PA-grip view를 재현하기 위하여 인체모형 팬텀을 사용하였고 source of image distance (SID)는 110 cm와 임의로 정해놓은 130 cm, 150 cm로 설정하였다. 각 SID에 따라서 손목 팬텀을 x축 방향 및 y축 방향으로 각각 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 cm 이동하였다. 정량적 평가를 하기 위해 손목 팬텀의 이동 시 마다 자뼈와 노뼈의 먼쪽관절면의 거리의 차이를 picture archiving and communication system (PACS) system을 통해 측정하였다. 정성적 평가로는 방사선사 20명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. SID에 따라 나뉜 세 그룹 간의 x축과 y축 방향의 움직임에 따른 왜곡도를 비교하기 위해 Kruskal Wallis test 통계기법을 시행하였으며 사후검정으로 Tukey test를 시행하였다. 정량적 평가 결과에서 x축 방향으로 이동하여 얻은 측정값은 모든 그룹에서 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다 (p>0.05). y축 방향으로 이동하여 얻은 측정값은 대부분의 그룹에서 유의한 차이를 보였다 (p<0.05). 영상에서 왜곡이 임상적 진단과 수술에 많은 영향을 미치는 검사의 경우, 보다 정확한 진단을 위해 영상 후처리로 영상의 질을 유지하는 한도 내에서 기존의 SID인 110 cm 보다는 150 cm에서 검사하여 왜곡을 감소시키기를 제안하는 바이다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.26-32
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• 2020

최근 웨어러블 장치와 IoT 기술들이 다양하게 개발 및 상용화되면서, 이에 발맞추어 다양한 종류의 센서 들이 개발되었고, 이런 새로운 종류의 센서들이 실생활에서 다양하게 접목되면서 다양한 응용 제품들이 개발되어 왔다. 새로운 센서 기술들이 현실화되면서 의학분야에서도 많이 적용되고 있으며, 특히 자기장 센서는 의학분야에서 다양한 목적으로 활용되어져 왔다. 본 논문에서는 소형의 영구자석과 이를 측정하기 위한 자기장 센서를 활용하여 손목의 재활 훈련이나 운동량을 측정하는 모델과 방법을 제시하고자 한다. 자석과 자기장 센서 사이에는 전기적인 선들의 연결이 없이도 자석과 자기장 센서 사이의 자기장을 측정할 수 있어, 이렇게 측정된 자기장 값들을 실제 자석과 자기장 센서간의 거리로 환산하여 측정할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 하지만, 자기장의 특징은 그 자체만으로도 비선형적인 자기장이 생성되기 때문에, 자기장 센서 패드와 손목동작의 비선형 모델로 인하여, 아주 복잡한 모델과 많은 계산이 요구하게 된다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 이런 구현상의 어려운 단점들을 보완하고 정확한 장기장센서 데이터를 측정하기 위하여, 손에 설치된 자석과 손목에 설치된 자기장 센서를 모델링하고 캘리브레이션하는 방법을 제안한다.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.73-82
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• 1997

Daily exposure to constrained body postures and deviations from neutral postures over a long period may result in discomfort as well as pains and aches in the muscles, joints, tendons, and other soft tissues. Furthermore, it was known that poor body postures are a major cause of musculoskeletal disorders in industry. Therefore, in this study, comfort ranges of joint motions were obtained as a criterion for evaluating body postures and designing workplaces ergonomically, which were bases on subjects' perceived discomfort level estimated by magnitude estimation. Nineteen healthy male subjects participated in the laboratory study. They results showed that comfort ranges of joint motions occurred in the wrist, elbow, neck, and ankle were little less than their normal range of joint motions, but those in the back(L5/S1) and hip joint were much less than their normal ones. This fact implies that the back and jip movements are more stressful than the other joints movements. It is expected that comfort ranges of joint motions can be used as a valuable guideline when designing and evaluating workplaces.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.11-25
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• 2001

AS human movements have the inherent property of anticipating target and can be coordinated to realize a given schedule, finger movements have stereotyped patterns during hand grasping. Finger movements have been studied in the past to find out the coordination pattern of hand joint angular movement. These studies analyzed only a few finger joints for a limited number of hand postures. This study investigated fourteen joint angles during eight hand-grasping motions to analyze the angular correlations between finger joints and to suggest motion factors which represent hand grasping. Hand grasping motions including forward arm motion were examined in ten healthy volunteers. Eight objects were used to represent real hand grasping tasks. $CyberGlove^{TM}$ and $Fasreack^{TM}$ measured hand joint angles and wrist origin. Joint angle correlations between PIJ(proximal interphalangeal joint) and MPJ(metacarpophalangeal joint) at one finger, between neighboring PIJs and MPJs were four factors related to the fast phase of hand grasping motions and eight factors related to the slow phase of hand grasping motions.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2001

Objective : To evaluate the effect of treatment for Rheumatoid arthritis by using Bee-venom Acupuncture that is well known for anti-inflammatory effect and function of activating immune system. Methods : Evaluated the result of Bee-venom Acupuncture treatment twice in a week for patients who diagnosised as rheumatoid arthritis by 7 criteria of US Rheumatism Academy. Results : 1. If you see the distribution chart, sexual rate of male and female was 1:2.75 and age distribution shows as age ascend it shows high. 2. If you see the duration distribution, it shows chronic tendency in order of more than 6 months (59.5%), 2 to 5 months, and 1 month. 3. If you see the invaded region distribution, it shows chronic tendency in order of finger(17 cases), wrist joint(16 cases), knee joint(16 cases), ankle joint(10 cases), elbow joint(8 cases), shoulder joint(7 cases), feet(7 cases), hip joint(5 cases), low back(3 cases) and neck(2 cases). 4. If you see the result of duration distribution treatment, the improvement index is rising in order of within a month, 2 to 5 months, and over 6 months. So it shows that it has good result of treatment within a month. 5. If you see the invaded region, it shows high improvement index in order of low back, hop joint, shoulder joint, wrist joint, feet, knee joint, finger, elbow joint, ankle joint and neck. 6. If you see the result of morning stiffness time before treatment, it shows good effect of treatment in order of 2-3hrs, 30min.-an hr, an hr to 2hrs, and 0-30min. 7. If you see the patients satisfaction after Bee-venom Acupuncture treatment, Excellent is 6 cases, Good is 7 cases, and Moderate 2 cases. Conclusions : It will have greater treatment effect if herbal medicine, moxibustion, and acupuncture are used together as patients whole body condition and symptoms with Bee-venom Acupuncture for rheumatoid arthritis that is chronic inflammatory disease.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.100-107
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• 2007

Treatment of giant cell tumor of distal radius can be treated in several ways according to the aggressiveness of the tumor. But the management of giant cell tumor involving juxta-articular portion has always been a difficult problem. In some giant cell tumors with bony destruction, a wide segmental resection may be needed for preventing to recur. But a main problem is preserving of bony continuity in bony defect as well as preservation of joint function. We have attempted to overcome these problems by using a microvascular technique to transfer the fibula with peroneal vascular pedicle or anterior tibial vessel as living bone graft. From April 1984 to July 2005, we performed the reconstruction of wide bone defect after segmental resection of giant cell tumor in 14 cases, using Vascularized Fibular Graft, which occur at the distal radius. VFG with peroneal vascular pedicle was in 8 cases and anterior tibial vessel was 6 cases. Recipient artery was radial artery in all cases. Method of connection was end to end anastomosis in 11 cases, and end to side in 3 cases. An average follow-up was 6 years 6 months, average bone defect after wide segmental resection of lesion was 6.8 cm. All cases revealed good bony union in average 6.5 months, and we got the wide range of motion of wrist joint without recurrence and serious complications. Grafted bone was all alive. In functional analysis, there was good in 7 cases, fair in 4 cases and bad in 1 case. Pain was decreased in all cases but there was nearly normal joint in only 4 cases. Vascularized fibular graft around wrist joint provided good functional restoration without local recurrence.

• 대한정형외과학회지
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• 제56권5호
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• pp.427-432
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• 2021

원위 요척 관절의 전방 탈구 치료가 지연된 경우에는 수근부 통증과 전완의 회전 운동의 제한이 동반되어 결국 구제술이 필요한 퇴행성 관절염이 발생할 수 있다. 24세 남자가 요골 간부 골절 수술 후 통증과 회전 운동 제한으로 내원하였다. 금속판으로 고정된 요골의 간부에서 7도의 전방 각형성이 관찰되었으며 척골 두가 전방으로 탈구되어 회외전에서 결손부가 요골의 S자 절흔 전방 경계에 걸려 탈구가 지속되는 소견이 관찰되었다. 부정 유합된 요골의 교정의 절골술과 척골 두 골결손 근위부의 골을 원위 결손 부위로 이동시키는 절골술을 시행하여 원위 요척 관절이 전완의 회전에 안정적으로 정복이 유지되도록 하였다. 수술 후 19개월에 전완 회전 운동 범위와 통증이 개선된 것을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.259-267
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• 2004

De Quervain's disease is caused by stenosing tenosynovitis of the first dorsal compartment of the wrist. The first dorsal compartment at the wrist includes the tendons of the abductor pollicis longus (APL) and the extensor pollicis brevis (EPB). Patients with De Quervain's usually report pain at the dorsolateral aspect of the wrist with referral of pain toward the thumb and/or lateral forearm. This condition responds well to nonsurgical treatment. Objective : The aim of this study was to find out the therapeutic effect of the Cervus elaphus Herbal-acupuncture in the treatment of patients with De Quervain's Disease. Design : A prospective study of Cervus elaphus Herbal-acupuncture was conducted. Setting : The study was conducted in the Kang-nam Oriental Hosp. of Dong-Guk University. Patients : The study comprised 4 patients with De Quervain's Disease. Methods : We investigated 4 cases patients the De Quervain's Disease. We evaluated wrist function that before and after Cervus elaphus Herbal-acupuncture treatment by VAS score, tenderness and Finkelstein test. the treatment is operated every other day. Results : Pain reduction(VAS) was found out in the case treated with Cervus elaphus Herbal-acupuncture. Conclusions : Clinical results show that Cervus elaphus Herbal-acupuncture has a good analgesic effect in De Quervain's Disease.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.53-61
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• 1993

High level, major limb amputation above the wrist and ankle joint has some characteristic problems because of the large muscle mass and poor potential for nerve regeneration. As an adjunct method to reduce warm ischemic time prior to bony stabilization, temporary vascular shunting by simple catheterization has been performed, which has not been associated with any significant complication and has improved on success rate in replantation surgery. The authors have experienced 198 cases replantation of amputated limbs and digits from September, 1983 at the Korea medical center, Guro hospital, of which, 13 cases of successful replantation of amputated limbs by avulsion injury above the wrist and ankle joint level, which is generally considered as contraindication, were followed up for average 4.5 years(minimum 1.5 to maximum 8.4 years) on terms of survival rate, function and appearance. The clinical analysis upon these cases is to be presented with review of references.