• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.41-51
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• 2013

This study investigated how family capital was associated with the working memory of young school-aged children from immigrant families in the United States using the New Immigrant Survey. Family capital was identified as economic, human, cultural, and social capital, and children's working memory was measured by the Digit Span scores. Poisson regression analysis was used for examining the sample of 428 children from the New Immigrant Survey. Results indicated that cultural capital within the home was positively associated with the working memory of young school-aged children whereas economic, human, and social capital was not. Implications and limitations of the study are also discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.38 no.10
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• pp.143-156
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• 2000

The purpose of this study were to compare the job satisfaction of married salaried women with that of self-employed, and to identify the determinants of job satisfaction of both of them. The sample consisted of 176 salaried women and 123 self-employed from data of 1998 Korea Household Panel Study, and analyzed into Frequencies, Percentile, t-test, $\varkappa$$^2$-test, and Multiple Regression. The findings showed that self-employed had larger proportion of home-based worker, worked more hours, and had more earnings than the salaried, and that the job satisfaction of salaried worker were higher than that of self-employed. The determinants of job satisfaction of total working women were educational level, perception of present economic status, health status, number of eamers, weekly working hours, and their income. In case of salaried worker, educational level, health status, number of earners, weekly working hours, and their income had effect on their job satisfaction, while the factors contributing job satisfaction of self-employed were health status, region, weekly working hours, and income.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.85-102
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• 1982

The current employment status among young home economists and perspectives in occupations for prospective Home Economics graduates were explored in this study which utilized information from 17 to 21 colleges in Korea and colleges in the United States during the five years of 1977∼1981. The Home Economics content areas covered in this study were Clothing and Textiles, Foods and Nutrition, Housing and Interior Design, and Child Development and Family Life. The highest percentage of Korean graduates in Clothing and Textiles was employed either as teachers at the junior high school level or as designers in the clothing and textile industries. Quite a number of the graduates were engaged in further studies at the graduate level. Korean graduates with a master's degree were teaching at the college level and some had furthered their studies at the doctorate level either here or abroad. Koreans with a bachelor's degree in Foods and Nutrition held jobs as teachers in junior high school, dieticians at mass feeding institutions and hospitals, food scientists in food industries, and researchers in institutions. Those with a master's degree were teaching at the college level. Americans with a bachelor's degree worked as dieticians, supervisors in restaurants and institutions, extension workers, researchers at various facilities, teachers and clerks. Americans with a master's or doctorate degree were engaged in teaching at colleges or supervising at research or working as extension specialists. In general, Korean graduates were found to hold positions in less varied areas than their American counter-parts. Among forty-nine graduates those working in their professional field reported less sex discrimination that those working in other fields. The major area of employment in Housing and Interior Design or Home Management graduates in Korea was teaching while in the United States it was extension work, business, governmental work and teaching. It was suggested that in the future, career development in Korea be further explored to include extension service, research, social welfare, financial planning, business, free-lancing, funeral home, home-call, and correctional education. Interviews with executives from 6 business enterprises indicated that most of them were aware of the potential contribution home economists could make for their companies but they expressed a negative attitude towards women in general due to their short stay on the job. Jobs held by Child Development and Family Life majors with a bachelor's degree in Korea were mostly teaching positions in public, junior and senior high school. However, jobs such as nursery school teaching, working in clinical setting, business, and teaching at public, junior and senior high school predominated in the United states. Most Korean graduates with a master's degree were teaching in professional colleges while in the United Stated the job variation among the graduates was rather evenly distributed among teaching at college level, public and high school, nursery school and administration areas. Reports from 7 child development majors on the job indicated that they were paid less that secretarial workers. Only half of them were working in their major area and these expressed satisfaction with their work. Two thirds of the respondents indicated no sex discrimination. It was suggested that in the future Child Development and Family Life majors pursue employment in counseling, guidance, recreation, mass media, administration and outreach work as well as education, research and parent education in services for children, teen-agers, adults and families.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.228-239
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• 1999

In 1990 Home Care Education Programs started when legislation established certification for Home Care Nurses. The Ministry of Health and Welfare proposed a home care education curriculum which has 352 class hours and 248 hours of 'family nursing and practice'. Though Home Care Education Programs have been offered in 11 home care educational institutes, there has been no formal revision for the home care education programs. Also a first and second home care demonstration projects have been carried out, but there has been no research on outcomes for home care education as applied in home care practice. The purposes of this study were to identify the important content areas for home care nursing as perceived by home care nurses, and to identify their clinical competence in each of these areas, and from these to identify the education needs. The sample was 107 home care nurses who were working in home care demonstration hospitals and community-based institutions which have been offering home care services. Responses were received from 88 nurses, comprising a 82.2% return rate, and 86 were included in the final analysis. The instrument used was a modification of the instrument developed by Caie-Lawrence et(1995) and Moon's(1991) instrument on home care knowledge. The instrument's Cronbach's coefficient was 0.982. Among the respondents, 64% were working at home care demonstration hospitals and 36% were working at community-based institutions. Their home care experiences were from one month to six years, with a mean of 20.6 months. The importance rating for home care education content was 3.42 0.325, which means importance was rated relatively high. Technical aspects of home care were identified the most important. Five items 'education skill', 'counseling skill', 'interview skill', 'wound care skill', 'bed sore care skill' received 100% importance ratings. The competency rating was 2.87 0.367 and 'technical aspects of home care' was the highest, and 'application to home care skill' was the lowest. Home care nurses' education needs were identified and compared to the importance ratings and competency ratings. Eleven items were identified as the highest in the importance areas and eleven items were in the lowest competency areas. High importance ratings matched with low competency ratings determined training needs, but there was no matching items in this study. In the lowest competency areas four items were excluded, because of not being applicable in current home care practice. Therefore total eighteen items were identified as home care education needs. These items are 'bed sore care skill', 'malpractice', 'wound care skill', 'general infection control', 'change and management of tracheostomy tubes', 'CVA patient care', 'Hospice care', 'pain management', 'urinary catheterization and management', 'L-tube insertion and managements', 'Respirator use and management skill', 'infant care', 'prevention to burnout', 'child assessment', 'CAPD', 'infant assessment', 'computer literacy', and 'psychiatry patient care'.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.71-93
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• 1986

The purpose of this study is to identify sevral variables which were assumed to have relationships with the role conflict and marital satisfaction of married working women, and to examine the relationship of the role conflict and marital satisfaction of married working women in Korea. The data for this study was obtained from the survey of the 262 married working women who reside in the city of Seoul employing questionnaire method. Such methods as frequency, percentile, factor analysis, analysis of variance (t-test, F-test), and Pearson's correlation were used for the statistical analysis for this study. The major findings of this study can be summarized as follows; 1) The role conflict level of married working women was related to variables such as age, the number of children, work time, husband's support, job satisfaction, motivation to work outside the home. 2) The overall marital satisfaction was relatively high when they have two children and the presence of household work help. Futhermore, ut was found that marital satisfaction considerably high when husband's support and job satisfaction was highly accorded. 3) The role conflict and marital satisfaction of married working women were significantly negatively correlated.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.48 no.9
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• pp.79-87
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether employed mothers' extended working hours have effects on childcare style and work-family conflicts. The data came from the 2007 Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Family(KLoWF) of the Korean Women's Development Institute. 475 females with preschoolers or elementary-school children were used in this study. The major findings can be summarized as follows: (1) Weekly average working hours varied by education, salary, and the presence of preschoolers. (2) The time of childcare was significantly shorter in mothers who work more than 50 hours/week (3) Mothers who worked more than 50 hours/week felt significantly high work-family conflict. These analyses pointed to the importance of obeying the law related to working hours as the most important thing to sustain work-family balance. Institutional foundations should be enabled to keep legal working hours.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.7
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• pp.115-124
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to analyse on the clothing practice of automaker's uniform and to investigate the relationship between wearing sense of worker's uniform and overall comfort according to working environment and working types. The data were collected from 184 automakers using questionnaire and interview of a officer for uniform management. Working environment was relatively comfortable, but the worker in special working area needed to control the working environment and adopted the protective equipment. The dissatisfaction of clothing practice of uniform was shown high in design and material. The order of preference in the color was blue, navy, blue, gray, green. In case of taking care of uniform, sewing durability and shape stability were poor in comparison with washing easiness. The correlation between overall comfort and wearing sense of uniform as sense of wearing and taking off, texture and movement function, was relatively high, but it appeared the low correlation in physiological comfort.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.38 no.12
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• pp.47-58
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate working mothers'parenting stress. The study was approached from an ecological perspective. Data were collected from 185 mothers who were professionals, office or labor workers, and have their children enrolled at the day care center located at their workplace. All the subjects lived in Seoul. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The working mothers'parenting stress was found to be at a moderate level(Mean=2.30). 2. The hierarchical and stepwise regression analyses revealed that significant variables in explaining the parenting stress of working mothers were the degrees of attachment with the subject's mother($\beta$=-.24), age($\beta$=-.23), the degrees of flexibility in working conditions($\beta$=-.19), educational level($\beta$=.18), the degrees of husbands'participation in child care($\beta$=-.17), and the number of children ($\beta$=.16). These variables explained 17.2% of working mother's parenting stress. 3. It was found that the effect of microsystem variables on working mothers' parenting stress were greater than the combined effects of mesosystem, exosystem and macrosystem variables.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.227-246
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• 1991

The study examined work and family life of married women employed in a manufacturing industry. Data were gathered from the use of face-to-face interview method from a sample of 230 married working women. The major findings of this study can be summarized as follows: (1) Most of the respondents found the work repetitive and unappealing, with the double burden of a paid work and housework. Thus, it is necessary for the government to implement social policies for married working women, such as establishment of various child care centers, part-time jobs, and dissemination of egalitarian sex-role attitudes. (2) More than half of the respondents were born in rural areas and immigrated to the urban sectors, forming a nuclear family structure. Most of these women were married with love, but some of them could not have a marriage ceremony because of the economic reasons. Thus, it may be necessary to increase the service centers to offer a free marital ceremony. (3) About 30% of the respondents answered they left their preschool aged children unattended, after dismissing from a kindergarden on a private institution. It was shown that working women, even though they were in charge of child-rearing, did not have an effective mechanism to control or protect their children while they were away from home. Most of them frequently used material compensations from their children in order to make up their absence at home. (4) It was found that the strategy for working women to decrease a dual-role conflict is to make a hierachy on the work they to do and to do only basic housework for everyday life and to do the rest of work on a off-day.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.33-44
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• 1982

The purpose of this study was to investigate clothing behavior of women in Dae Jeon and to find out the relationship between clothing behavior and occupations. Measures selected for this study was‘Creekmore Scales of Eight Clothing Variables’, (Creekmore, 1966). The questionnaires were distributed to women in Dae Jeon including teachers, women working in a government office, women working in a company, nurses, women working in a bank, women working in a department store and the business center, technicians, women working in a merry making place, and house wives. For statistical analyses of the data from 400 respondents, F-test, and t-test were used. The results were as follows: 1. There were partially significant relationship between clothing behavior and occupations. The significant variables were modesty, comfort, approval, and dependence among the eight clothing variables. a) The group of highest interest in modesty and comfort was house wives and the group of lowest interest was women working in a merry making place. b) The group of highest interest in approval was women working in a merry making place and the group of lowest interest was women working in a bank. c) The group of highest interest in dependence was teachers and the group of lowest interest was nurses. 2. Partially significant differences were found in clothing behavior between a working women and house wives: The house wives were more interest in modesty, comfort, management. 3. Partially significant difference were found in clothing behavior between White-collar workers and Blue-collar workers were more interest in attention, approval, interest.