• PNF and Movement
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.359-370
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• 2022

Purpose: Physical therapists are required to properly choose the most appropriate treatment for each patient within the framework of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF model). The aims of this study were to determine whether neurological physical therapists in clinical settings in South Korea know about the ICF model and to investigate the current trends of outcome measures (OMs) used by them. Methods: Two hundred and one physical therapists who worked with patients with neurological disorders participated in this study. The survey was conducted via e-mail and asked about commonly used OMs and the considerations for selecting OMs. Results: All physical therapists involved in this study responded completely, and 45.8% of participants learned about the ICF model, while 37.3% understood the detailed information related to the ICF model. The rest of the participants did not know or just heard about the ICF model. The most frequently used tools at the body function/structure level were the Range of Motion (98%), Manual Muscle Test (97%), Berg Balance Scale (83.1%), and Modified Ashworth Scale (70.6%) when allowing repetition. At the activity level, the 10-meter walk test (71.1%), 6-minute walk test (54.2%), and Functional Ambulatory Category (43.3%) were used, while the Activity-Specific Balance Confidence Scale (23.9%) was used at the participation level. There was a positive relationship between the number of tools used and years of work, as well as the level of understanding of the ICF model. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that it is necessary to learn the ICF model in a clinical setting. In addition, the medical system needs to be modified to encourage physical therapists in South Korea to use proper OMs within the ICF model.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to classify space types according to the operating system of health examination centers and compare and analyze their sizes. Methods: Seven examination centers under the K Medical Research Institute with the same operating system and similar examination types and functional spaces are the subject of the investigation. Research is conducted through field investigation, user surveys, and drawing analysis. Results: The operating method of the health examination center can be largely divided into the function dispersed type and the function central type. The function dispersed type was planned as a vertical type, and the function central type was planned as a horizontal type. In the case of the function dispersed type, since the examinees move vertically to use the endoscope center and special examination center, the efficiency of the vertical movement must be considered when planning the function dispersed type of facility. The function dispersed type plans to increase work and manpower efficiency by arranging the areas used at the start and end of the examination. Because the function central type horizontally arranges related functions by area, it should be planned in a structure that makes it easy for examinees to find their way. Implications: Through this study, it is judged that it is possible to suggest architectural planning considerations that vary depending on the operation system of the examination center.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.151-159
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• 2022

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the structural relationships between fear of missing out, addictive tendencies toward social network services (SNSs), and depression in colleges. Methods : The target subjects were students in colleges across gyeongnam & busan, to whom the purpose of the study was explained and who spontaneously agreed to participate. A survey was conducted with 302 participants over 31 days from March 7, 2022, and data from 299 responses was analyzed. Results : 1. Women felt a higher fear of missing out than men. 2. Women showed greater inability to control their use of SNSs, more SNS-related disorders in daily life, and greater immersion in and tolerance of SNSs when compared to men. 3. Women were more depressed than men. 4. Positive correlations were observed between the fear of missing out and SNS-addictive tendencies, between the fear of missing out and depression, and between SNS-addictive tendencies and depression. Conclusion : A comprehensive review of these findings suggests that women had overall higher levels of isolation fear, SNS-addictive tendencies, and depression than men. Based on this, universities should provide gender-specific educational programs around these issues; this student cohort will ultimately work in healthcare, and this kind of awareness will be essential for treating patients. Considering that the current situation poses unusual challenges due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the study's results can serve as basic data for planning educational programs in the future. Over the coming years, comprehensive and continuous education and counselling relating to the fear of missing out, SNS addiction, and depression will be urgently required.

• 대한설비공학회지:설비저널
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.131-150
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• 1979

Recently only a few correlations between various factors due to the different grades of surface roughness for the nucleate pool boiling have been proposed. The main purpose of this work is to test the validity of these types of correlations between related factors to nucleate pool boiling phenomena. The boiling experiments using distilled water were carried out at the heat flux ranging from $7.4\times10^4\;to\;2.4\times10^5kcal/m^2h$ on the sintered porous metal surface with the cavity diameter of 10, n, 40, 70, $100{\mu}$, respectively, at the atmospheric pressure, To determine the bubble sizes, number of nucleation sites, delay and growth time, frequency of bubble emission and rising velocities of bubbles, the high speed motion picture technique was employed. In the correlation $f{\propto}D_b^n$, where f denotes frequency of bubble emission and $D_b$ departure diameter, n, the power factor of $D_b$, have been found to be from -2 to -10/3. The correlation C in the correlation between heat flux q and density of nucleation sites $\frac{N}{A}$, $q=C(\frac{N}{A})^n$, was appeared to be more crucial than the power factor n. The correlation of the heat flux q to the temperature difference ${\Delta}T$ and the density of nucleation sites$\frac{N}{A}$, was proposed to be $$q-460{\Delta}T^{\frac{5}{4}}=K{\Delta}T{\frac{5}{3}}(\frac{N}{A})^{\frac{2}{3}}$$. The values of heat transfer coefficient obtained in this experiments for the porous sintered metal surface appeared to be very high in comparison with the formerly obtained results for the other surfaces.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.314-322
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• 2023

한정된 병력을 효율적으로 활용하고 전장에서의 인명 피해를 최소화하기 위해 무인 항공기의 사용이 급격히 증가하고 있다. 무인 항공 시스템의 운용 개념과 환경에 따라 지상 통제 장비의 요구사항이 달라지지만, 여전히 공통적인 요구사항이 존재한다. 그러나 이러한 공통 요구사항을 만족시키기 위한 시스템 구성이 표준화되지 않아, 공통 기능의 재활용이 어려워져 지속적으로 획득 비용이 발생하는 문제가 있다. 이 문제를 해결하기 위해 본 논문에서는 UCS 아키텍처를 활용하여 한국형 UCS 모델을 개발하였다. 또한 아키텍처에서 명시하지 않은 서비스 개발과 관련된 요소(프레임워크, 통신 미들웨어, 서비스 구조 등)를 설계한 후, 이를 기반으로 개발자들의 업무 효율성을 향상시키는 보일러플레이트를 개발하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 무인 항공 시스템의 지상 통제 장비 개발을 효과적이고 경제적으로 수행할 수 있는 기반이 될 것이다.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.175-182
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• 2023

차분 분석은 블록 암호에 대한 분석 기법 중 하나이며, 입력 차분에 대한 출력 차분이 높은 확률로 존재한다는 성질을 이용한다. 무작위 데이터와 특정 출력 차분을 갖는 데이터를 구별할 수 있다면, 차분분석에 대한 데이터 복잡도를 감소시킬 수 있다. 이를 위해 딥러닝 기반의 신경망 구별자에 대한 연구들이 다수 진행되었으며, 본 논문에서는 PIPO 64/128에 대한 최초의 딥러닝 기반의 신경망 구별자를 제안하였다. 여러 입력 차분들을 사용하여 실험한 결과, 0, 1, 3, 5-라운드의 차분 특성에 대한 3 라운드 신경망 구별자가 각각 0.71, 0.64, 0.62, 0.64의정확도를달성하였다. 이 구별자는 고전 구별자와 함께 사용될 경우 최대 8 라운드에 대한 구별 공격이 가능하도록 한다. 따라서 여러 라운드의 입력 차분을 처리할 수 있는 구별자를 찾아냄으로써 확장성을 확보하였다. 향후에는 성능 향상을 위한 최적의 신경망을 구성하기 위해 다양한 신경망 구조를 적용하고, 연관 키 차분을 사용하거나 다중 입력차분을 위한 신경망 구별자를 구현할 예정이다.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.85-94
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship of influenza A (H1N1) knowledge, attitude and practice for nurses. Methods: Data were collected by self-report questionnaires from a total of 325 nurses working in an Influenza A (H1N1) base-zone hospital in C city during September, 2009. The collected data were analyzed using of SPSS/WIN 17.0. Results: The knowledge of influenza A (H1N1) was not statistically different for gender, age, education, work unit, clinical experience, position, or previous education of Influenza A (H1N1). The attitude to influenza A (H1N1) was statistically significant according to age or clinical experience. Practice related to influenza A (H1N1) was statistically different for education, clinical experience or previous education of influenza A (H1N1). Knowledge of influenza A (H1N1) was lowest for etiology and definition compared to other subcategories. Attitude and practice were significantly different for all items. The biggest difference in items was for 'use of physical barriers (protective goggles, face masks and gowns) during procedures that may involve contact with aerosol'. There was a positive association between attitude and practice. Conclusion: An educational program focusing on strategy to change nurses's knowledge, attitude and practice can be effective for infection control in an influenza A (H1N1) base-zone hospital.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.254-261
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• 2023

연구목적: 이 연구는 탐정제도를 합법화하기 위하여 현재 대치 중인 문제에 대하여 살펴보고 해결방안을 제시하기 위한 목적을 가진 연구이다. 연구방법: 이 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 탐정분야의 선행연구 및 통계자료 등을 분석하고 대치중인 문제에 대하여 논리적으로 해결방안을 제시하였다. 연구결과: 신뢰를 해결하기 위해서 불법적인 수단을 가리지 않는 민간조사업체가 늘어나면서 이에 대해 관리·감독하고 더불어 공권력의 공백을 보충해줄 공인탐정제도를 도입하고자 하는 시도가 생겨났다. 그러나, 공인탐정제도의 입법공인탐정업의 성격상 변호사, 신용조사업 등 기존의 직역을 담보하는 근거법률과의 상충문제와 공인탐정제도를 관리·감독하여야 하는 주무관청의 선정문제에서 경찰청과 법무부가 대립하는 등 입법시도 중 여러 문제를 수반하면서 입법이 진전되지 않은 상태이다. 결론: 이에 본 연구에서는 공인탐정 제도에 대해 그동안 국회에 제출되었던 공인탐정업 관련 법안에 대해 분석한 후 공인탐정업의 업무범위, 관리·감독 주무관청 선정 등 주요쟁점에 대해 살펴보고 공인탐정제도의 성공적 안착을 위한 개선방안을 제시해보고자 한다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.118-123
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• 2023

Background: Chronic exposure to silica is related with the provocation of an inflammatory response and oxidative stress mechanism. Vitamin D has multiple benefits in biological activities particularly respiratory system disease. Method: In this research, 20 male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into four groups (5 rats /group) as follow: Group1 received saline as (negative control) group. The group 2 received a single IT instillation of silica (positive control) group; the group 3 was co-administrated with single IT silica and Vitamin D (20 mg/kg/day) daily for a period of 90 days. The rats of group 4 received Vitamin D daily for a period of 90 days. Results: Silica significantly increased serum and lung total Oxidant Status (TOS). Meanwhile, silica reduced serum and lung total antioxidant capacity (TAC), GSH and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-a). Vitamin D treatment meaningfully reversed oxidative stress, antioxidants status and inflammatory response. Also, Vitamin D improved histopathological changes caused by silica. Conclusion: These findings indicate that Vitamin D exerts protective effects against silica-induced lung injury. It seems that Vitamin D has potential use as a therapeutic object for silica induced lung injure.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.237-242
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• 2023

Background: This study evaluated occupational exposure levels of doxorubicin in healthcare workers performing rotational intraperitoneal pressurized aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) procedures. Methods: All samples were collected during PIPAC procedures applying doxorubicin to an experimental animal model (pigs). All procedures were applied to seven pigs, each for approximately 44 min. Surface samples (n = 51) were obtained from substances contaminating the PIPAC devices, surrounding objects, and protective equipment. Airborne samples were also collected around the operating table (n = 39). All samples were analyzed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results: Among the surface samples, doxorubicin was detected in only five samples (9.8%) that were directly exposed to antineoplastic drug aerosols in the abdominal cavity originating from PIPAC devices. The telescopes showed concentrations of 0.48-5.44 ng/cm² and the trocar showed 0.98 ng/cm² in the region where the spraying nozzles were inserted. The syringe line connector showed a maximum concentration of 181.07 ng/cm², following a leakage. Contamination was not detected on the surgeons' gloves or shoes. Objects surrounding the operating table, including tables, operating lights, entrance doors, and trocar holders, were found to be uncontaminated. All air samples collected at locations where healthcare workers performed procedures were found to be uncontaminated. Conclusions: Most air and surface samples were uncontaminated or showed very low doxorubicin concentrations during PIPAC procedures. However, there remains a potential for leakage, in which case dermal exposure may occur. Safety protocols related to leakage accidents, selection of appropriate protective equipment, and the use of disposable devices are necessary to prevent occupational exposure.