• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.401-408
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to obtain the differential variable and learning effect of the serial position effect, targeting individuals aged 60 years and over. A total of 89 individuals were categorized into the following groups: Alzheimer's group, vascular dementia group, elderly depression group, and normal group. Methods: Considering the size of the groups used for comparison, of the total 89 participants, 28 were in the Alzheimer's group, 24 in the vascular dementia group, 16 in the elderly depression group, and 21 were randomly chosen for the normal group. In the CERAD-K word list memory test, 10 words were shown to the subjects. We then asked them to freely recall the words. After changing the order of the words three times, the same process was followed. Results: First, a significant difference was observed among the groups in terms of word recalling rate. The analysis conducted afterward showed that, as predicted, the depressed group showed significantly better performance in recalling the words. Second, the vascular dementia patients and the Alzheimer's patients showed, as predicted, better recall of the largest recency region of words shown. Third, the normal group and the elderly depressed group showed a high-performance rate, proving that the reiterative method can contribute to the recalling process. Thus, we demonstrated that the Alzheimer's group showed the deterioration of short memory recalling skills and the elderly depressed showed deteriorated output performance skill.

• 한국비블리아학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.217-239
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• 2015

올바른 독서치료를 위해서 이용자는 자신의 상황과 증상에 대한 자가판단과 함께 치유서의 올바른 선정및 접근이 필요하다. 이용자는 독서치료 독서목록의 상황별 카테고리를 이용해서 치유서에 접근하지만, 독서치료를 원하는 이용자가 자신의 복잡한 상황 및 증상을 간략하게 정리하여 하나의 단어 혹은 키워드로 정의하는 것은 어렵다. 국내 독서치료 독서목록은 연령별 카테고리를 제외한 1개 혹은 최대 2개의 상황별 카테고리를 제공하며, 이로 치유서를 분류하고 있다. 이용자가 복잡한 상황을 가지고 카테고리에 접근하는 만큼, 이용자의 접근 효율성과 용이성을 높이기 위해서는 1개의 카테고리 보다는 복수의 카테고리 제공이 필요하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 독서치료를 원하는 이용자가 원하는 치유서에 보다 효율적으로 접근할 수 있도록, 기초 연구로서 국내의 독서치료 독서목록과 치유서의 관계에 대해 분석하였다. 국내 대표 독서치료 독서목록을 이용하여 카테고리간의 매핑과 크로스워크를 실시하였고, 독서치료 독서목록의 전반적인 조사를 통해서 국내 독서치료 독서목록 카테고리를 분석하였다.

• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.113-144
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• 2010

The primary goal of this paper is to find a feasible way to answer the question: Does the similarity in meaning between verbs relate to the similarity in their subcategorization? In order to answer this question in a rather concrete way on the basis of a large set of English verbs, this study made use of various language resources, tools, and statistical methodologies. We first compiled a list of 678 verbs that were selected from the most and second most frequent word lists from the Colins Cobuild English Dictionary, which also appeared in WordNet 3.0. We calculated similarity measures between all the pairs of the words based on the 'jcn' algorithm (Jiang and Conrath, 1997) implemented in the WordNet::Similarity module (Pedersen, Patwardhan, and Michelizzi, 2004). The clustering process followed, first building similarity matrices out of the similarity measure values, next drawing dendrograms on the basis of the matricies, then finally getting 177 meaningful clusters (covering 437 verbs) that passed a certain level set by z-score. The subcategorization frames and their frequency values were taken from the ICE-GB. In order to calculate the Selectional Preference Strength (SPS) of the relationship between a verb and its subcategorizations, we relied on the Kullback-Leibler Divergence model (Resnik, 1996). The SPS values of the verbs in the same cluster were compared with each other, which served to give the statistical values that indicate how much the SPS values overlap between the subcategorization frames of the verbs. Our final analysis shows that the degree of overlap, or the relationship between semantic similarity and the subcategorization frames of the verbs in English, is equally spread out from the 'very strongly related' to the 'very weakly related'. Some semantically similar verbs share a lot in terms of their subcategorization frames, and some others indicate an average degree of strength in the relationship, while the others, though still semantically similar, tend to share little in their subcategorization frames.

• 한국정보기술응용학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보기술응용학회 2005년도 6th 2005 International Conference on Computers, Communications and System
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• pp.21-25
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• 2005

In this paper, we constructed a two-phase spam-mail filtering system based on the lexical and conceptual information. There are two kinds of information that can distinguish the spam mail from the legitimate mail. The definite information is the mail sender's information, URL, a certain spam list, and the less definite information is the word list and concept codes extracted from the mail body. We first classified the spam mail by using the definite information, and then used the less definite information. We used the lexical information and concept codes contained in the email body for SVM learning in the $2^{nd}$ phase. According to our results the spam precision was increased if more lexical information was used as features, and the spam recall was increased when the concept codes were included in features as well.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.105-109
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• 2006

In this paper, we constructed a two-phase spam-mail filtering system based on the lexical and conceptual information. There are two kinds of information that can distinguish the spam mail from the ham (non-spam) mail. The definite information is the mail sender's information, URL, a certain spam keyword list, and the less definite information is the word list and concept codes extracted from the mail body. We first classified the spam mail by using the definite information, and then used the less definite information. We used the lexical information and concept codes contained in the email body for SVM learning in the 2nd phase. According to our results the ham misclassification rate was reduced if more lexical information was used as features, and the spam misclassification rate was reduced when the concept codes were included in features as well.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.475-484
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• 2017

본 연구는 EAP 전문 코퍼스 구축과 분석을 통해 유아교육 전문 어휘 목록을 개발하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 이를 위해 유아교육 전문가 2인과의 협의를 통해 선정된 7권의 유아교육 관련 영어 전공 서적을 기초로 50만 단어 수준의 전문 코퍼스를 구축하였다. 유아교육 전문 코퍼스의 어휘적 분포를 분석한 결과 기본 어휘에 해당하는 GSL[1]은 81.86%, 학술어휘에 해당하는 AWL[2]은 9.78%로 타 분야의 학술적 텍스트와 유사한 분포를 나타냈다. 한편 어휘의 다양성을 살펴보기 위해 TTR을 산출한 결과 3.18로 타 코퍼스의 결과와 비교할 때 낮은 수치, 즉 동일한 어휘의 반복이 비교적 많다는 특징을 보여 주었다. 다음으로 빈도와 출현 범위 등을 기준으로 유아교육 분야의 전문 어휘를 추출한 결과 총 224개의 어휘가 선정되었다. 이 어휘 목록은 영어로 유아교육을 가르치기 위한 목적으로 활용될 수 있을 것이며, 특히 영어로 쓰인 유아 교육 분야의 전공서적을 읽기 위한 기초 자료서로 유용성을 지닐 것으로 기대된다.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.140-148
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• 2015

Objectives The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between degenerative changes in brain [i.e., global cortical atrophy (GCA), medial temporal atrophy (MTA), white matter hyperintensities (WMH)] and neurocognitive dysfunction in Korean patients with Alzheimer's disease. Methods A total of 62 elderly subjects diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease were included in this study. The degenerative changes in brain MRI were rated with standardized visual rating scales (GCA or global cortical atrophy, MTA or medial temporal atrophy, and Fazekas scales) and the subjects were divided into two groups according to the degree of degeneration for each scale. Cognitive function was evaluated with Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD-K) and several clinical features, including apolipoprotein E ${\varepsilon}4$ status, lipid profile and thyroid hormones, were also examined. Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were performed to analyze the relationship between the degree of cerebral degeneration and neurocognitive functions. Results Demographic and clinical features, except for the age, did not show any significant difference between the two groups divided according to the degree of cerebral degenerative changes. However, higher degree of GCA was shown to be associated with poorer performance in verbal fluency test, word list recall test, and word list recognition test. Higher degree of MTA was shown to be associated with poorer performance in Mini-Mental State Examination in the Korean Version of CERAD Assessment Packet (MMSE-KC), word list recognition test and construction praxis recall test. Higher degree of white matter hyperintensities was shown to be associated with poorer performance in MMSE-KC. Conclusions Our results suggest that severe brain degeneration shown in MRI is associated with significantly poorer performance in neurocognitive tests in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Moreover, the degree of GCA, MTA and white matter hyperintensities, represented by scores from different visual rating scales, seems to affect certain neurocognitive domains each, which would provide useful information in clinical settings.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.5-13
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• 2008

Objectives : It was the aim of the present paper to examine the impact of the apolipoprotein E(APOE) ${\varepsilon}4$ on cognitive performance in community-dwelling elderly samples with 'questionable dementia'. Methods : Total 295 samples who were diagnosed with 'questionable dementia' in the recent year and completed the Korean version of the Consortium Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease(CERAD-K) neuropsychological assessment protocol, were recruited. The CDR test established score of 0.5. Genomic DNA was extracted from the venous blood and APOE genotyping was done in this group. Their cognitive performance was compared by the occurrence of the APOE ${\varepsilon}4$ allele. Results : The impact of ${\varepsilon}4$ allele was significant in the Word List Recall Test(WLRT, F=4.511, df=1, p=0.035). The 'young-old' group aged 75 years and under had a significantly lower performance on the Word List Recall Test(WLRT, F=5.090, df=1, p=0.015), but the 'old-old' group over 75 years of age had not significantly different performance on the all the item of tests in ${\varepsilon}4$+ allele group. Conclusion : The conclusion to be drawn here is that community-dwelling elderly samples with ${\varepsilon}4$ allele in 'questionable dementia' had a significantly lower performance on the Word List Recall Test in the CERAD-K neuropsychological test batteries and the effect was prominent in the 'young-old' age group.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.61-74
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• 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the short-term effects of bilateral masticatory training using an intraoral device on memory and concentration, which is an advanced form of Gochi, compared to the unilateral form with gum. Methods: Thirty young healthy participants (age, 16-30 years) were screened and randomly assigned to one of two sequences in a crossover design. The participants assigned to sequence A (n=15) performed bilateral mastication using an intraoral device with a total of 300 taps, followed by unilateral mastication using gum with the same number of repetitions and frequency, separated by a 7-day washout period. A reverse order was used for sequence B. The primary and secondary outcomes were the digit span test result and the symbol digit modality test and the word list recall results, respectively, which were conducted before and after each intervention. Results: Symbol digit modality test scores increased by 12.03±8.33 with bilateral mastication, which was significantly higher than that obtained with chewing gum (5.17 points;95% confidence interval: 0.99, 9.34; p<0.05). Changes in the digit span test and word list recall scores were not significantly different between the two groups. In the digit span test forward, symbol digit modality test, and word list recall test, bilateral mastication was not inferior to unilateral mastication in improving memory and concentration. Conclusions: Bilateral masticatory exercises using an intraoral device are not inferior to unilateral mastication with gum for improving memory in healthy young individuals. Further research is needed to determine the efficacy of bilateral masticatory training on cognitive function.

• 한국경영정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국경영정보학회 2007년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.294-299
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• 2007

In this paper, we introduce the methodology for the automatic generation of the subject field hierarchy for Intellgent Expert Management Framework using WordNet. Intelligent Expert Management Framework, which is proposed as an appropriate method to manage valuable tacit knowledge within the organization, defines the expert profile structure and proposes the efficient method to automate the process to collect and update the expert profile information based on the profile structure defined. To increase the satisfaction level of users, additional intelligent search features are defined and users can be given the list of experts in related or similar expert fields when they perform expert searches based on the expert database being built. To enable automatic profiling of the organizational experts as well as intelligent expert searches, the subject field hierarchy, upon which the expert profiles are classified and expert searches for similar fields are performed, should be predefined. In this paper, we propose the WordNet library method that first eliminates the ambiguity of the senses of nominal data values, constructs the subject field hierarchy by overlapping the hypernym of the remaining senses, and lastly adjusts the derived hierarchy to the preference of users. Based on the proposed methodology, we expect to avoid the prohibitive costs in building large subject field hierarchies when manually done as well as maintain the objectivity of the hierarchies.