• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.301-320
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to evaluate a new biodegradable membrane - atelocollagen as a guided tissue regeneration barrier on the dehiscence defects adjacent to the dental implants. 3 beagle dogs were selected for this study and all the mandibular premolars($P_1,P_2,P_3&P_4$) were extracted. Twelve weeks after the extraction, the edentulous ridges were formed to be placed the titanium plasma-sprayed IMZ implants. Four implant osteotomies were performed on each side of the mandible. The osteotomies were placed facially in the edentulous ridges to approximate an actual dehiscence defect as closely as possible, The standardized dehiscence defects were created 3 mm in width and 4 mm in height by osteotomy. A total 24 implants were placed. e-PTFE, ateloco11agen and $Collatape^{(R)}$ were placed to cover the defects and the one defect served as a control, not covered any membrane. By random selection, three dogs were sacrificed at 2 weeks, 4weeks and 8 weeks after fixation with 3% glutaraldehyde. A week before sacrificing, 8-week dog was infused intravenously with oxy-tetracycline 30mg/kg. The left mandibular blocks were used for full decalcified histologic preparation and the right mandibular blocks were selected for undeca1cified preparation, At 2 weeks, the regenerated bone of e-PTFE and atelocollagen groups appeared to be more dense than other groups and the percentage of bone defect fill was highest for e-PTFE and follwed by ateloco1lagen group. However, the $Collatape^{(R)}$ and control groups showed a little new bone formation. $Collatape^{(R)}$ was almost degraded within 2 weeks. At 4 weeks, the regenerated new bone were much greater and denser than at 2 weeks for e-PTFE and ateloco11agen group. Although a part of atelocollagen bagan to be degraded at the margin and surrounded by foreign body giant cells related to foreign body reaction, it was generally intact and the regenerated new bone was shown much more than at 2 weeks. The amount of new bone in $Collatape^{(R)}$ and control groups at 4 weeks were similar to that of 2 weeks group. At 8 weeks, the regenerated bone was matured and observed along the implant fixture. Direct new bone formation and calcium deposits beneath the e-PTFE were observed. No further bone growth was seen in the $Collatape^{(R)}$ and control groups. In reflected fluoromicrcocopic observation, the osteogenic activity was pronounced between e-PTFE membrane and the old bone. High osteogenic activity was also observed in atelocol1agen group. This study suggested that the ateloco11agen as well as e-PTFE could be used for guided tissue regeneration on dehiscence defects adjacent to the dental implants. But the $Collatape^{(R)}$ was completely resorbed within 2 weeks and was not a suitable membrane for guided bone regeneration.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.12
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• pp.1308-1315
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• 2014

Biological control using the plant growth-promoting Rhizobacterium (PGPR) has received significant attention in recent years. PGPR has been linked with promoting growth in economically important crops, such as potatoes, tomatoes, and rice. Bacillus mojavensis KJS-3 (Moja-3), isolated from food waste, possesses antifungal properties against Aspergillus terreus, A. fumagatus, A. flavus, and Fusarium redolense, and it may have potential in the development of products for industrial applications. The main purpose of this study was to determine the effects of spraying the PGPR Bacillus mojavensis KJS-3 on the growth of altari radish (leaf number, leaf length, leaf weight, root length, and rhizome length, adjacent portion diameter, and weight) and lettuce (leaf number, length, width, and weight). Three different concentrations of the foliar spray treatment of B. mojavensis KJS-3 were applied to the altari radish and lettuce: the recommended standard concentration of $1{\times}10^9cfu/g$, half the standard concentration of $0.5{\times}10^9cfu/g$, and double the standard concentration of $2{\times}10^9cfu/g$). The B. mojavensis strain foliar spray treatment increased the growth of the leaves and roots of the altari radish and increased the growth of the lettuce leaves. For both plants, the recommended concentration of B. mojavensis KJS-3 produced better growth than half the standard concentration, and the growth was similar with the double dose. This study demonstrates positive effects of Moja-3, suggesting it may be a potential new bio-fertilizer for improving the growth of altari radish and lettuce.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.176-184
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• 2011

Purpose: The final goal of regenerative periodontal therapy is to restore the structure and function of the periodontium destroyed or lost due to periodontitis. However, the role of periosteum in periodontal regeneration was relatively neglected while bone repair in the skeleton occurs as a result of a significant contribution from the periosteum. The aim of this study is to understand the histological characteristics of periosteum and compare the native periosteum with the repaired periosteum after elevating flap or after surgical intervention with flap elevation. Methods: Buccal and lingual mucoperiosteal flaps were reflected to surgically create critical-size, "box-type" (4 mm width, 5 mm depth), one-wall, intrabony defects at the distal aspect of the 2nd and the mesial aspect of the 4th mandibular premolars in the right and left jaw quadrants. Animals were sacrificed after 24 weeks. Results: The results from this study are as follows: 1) thickness of periosteum showed difference as follows (P<0.05): control group ($0.45{\pm}0.22$ mm)> flap-elevation group ($0.36{\pm}0.07$ mm)> defect formation group ($0.26{\pm}0.03$ mm), 2) thickness of gingival tissue showed difference as follows (P<0.05): defect formation group ($3.15{\pm}0.40$ mm)> flap-elevation group ($2.02{\pm}0.25$ mm) > control group ($1.88{\pm}0.27$ mm), 3) higher cellular activity was observed in defect formation group and flap-elevation groups than control group, 4) the number of blood vessles was higher in defect formation group than control group. Conclusions: In conclusion, prolonged operation with increased surgical trauma seems to decrease the thickness of repaired periosteum and increase the thickness of gingiva. More blood vessles and high cellular activity were observed in defect formation group.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.75-82
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate exophytically vertical bone formation in the mandibular premolar area of beagle dogs by the concept of guided bone regeneration with a titanium reinforced e-PTFE membrane combined with human demineralized freeze-dried bone. Materials and Methods: Four one-year old beagle dogs were divided into control and experimental group. All mandibular premolars were extracted and surgical vertical defects of 5 mm in height were created in the extracted sockets. At 8 weeks after the extraction, TR e-PTFE membrane sized with 8 mm in length, 5 mm in width, and 4 mm in height was placed on the decorticated mandible, fixed with metal pins and covered with full-thickness flap and assigned as control group. In experimental group, decorticated mandibule was treated with TR e-PTFE membrane and human demineralized freeze-dried bone. The animals were sacrificed at 16 weeks after the regenerative surgery, and new bone formation was assessed by histomorphometric as well as statistical analysis. Results: Average of new bone formation was 38% in the control group, whereas was 25% in the experimental group (p<0.05). Average of connective tissue formation was 42% in the experimental group, whereas was 30% in the control group (p<0.05). The lamellar bone formation with haversian canals was observed in the both groups. In the experimental group, the particles of human demineralized freeze-dried bone were observed after 16 weeks and complete resorption of graft was not observed. Conclusion: On the basis of these findings, we conclude that titanium reinforced e-PTFE membrane may be used alone for vertical guided bone regeneration, but demineralized freeze-dried bone has no additional effect on vertical guided bone regeneration.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.625-633
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• 2016

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of hydrophilic polymer (HP) mixture ratio (Control, 1.0%, 2.5%, 5.0%, and 10.0%) on growth of eggplant (Solanum melongena) for lower maintenance urban agriculture via green roofs. Although it was not statistically significant (p > 0.05), substrate temperature was decreased as hydrophilic polymer mixture ratio were increased. High substrate water content (95%) was found consistently in growing media under elevated hydrophilic polymer mixture ratio at over 5% during the entire growing period. Substrate electronic conductivity was increased as hydrophilic polymer mixture ratio were increased. Growth index was decreased as hydrophilic polymer mixture ratio was increased. It was reduced about 1/3 and 1/5 compared to that of Control in HP5.0 and HP10.0 treatment plants, respectively. Number of leaves, leaf length, and leaf width were decreased in following order: Control> HP1.0> HP2.5> HP5.0> HP10.0 treatments. There numbers were significantly lower in HP5.0 and HP10.0 treatment plants. Dry weight of shoot and root were decreased as hydrophilic polymer mixture ratio was increased. They were reduced by 1/4 compared to those of Control treatment plants. In addition, visual value was decreased as hydrophilic polymer mixture ratio was increased. Plants grown in HP1.0, HP2.5, and HP5.0 treatments all survived. However, plants grown in the HP10.0 treatment had the lowest survival rate (56%) after 3 months of growing. These results indicate that the advantage of adding hydrophilic polymer to green roof growing media may greater during dry periods. However, the proper mixture proportion of hydrophilic polymer should be determined according to different characteristics of growing media and plant species.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.319-324
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• 2022

The objective of this study was to determine the proper night interruption of photoperiods and dark periods for accumulating bioactive compounds of Agastache rugosa without decreasing plant growth. Five-week-old seedlings were transplanted in a DFT system with white LEDs. A. rugosa was treated with night interruption time treatments of 18:1:2:3, 18:2:2:2, 18:3:2:1 (light:dark:light:dark), and 20:4 (control) for 4 weeks. There were no significant differences except for leaf length, leaf width, and the number of flowers. The content of antioxidants in the shoot of A. rugosa was high in tilianin and acacetin, and the content of rosmarinic acid (RA) was significantly higher in the underground part. The RA content per dry weight of A. rugosa was 47.92 and 51.46% higher than that of the control in 18:1:2:3 and 18:2:2:2, and tilianin and acactin per dry weight were significantly higher in 18:3:2:1. There was no significant difference in growth due to the same day light integral, but 18:2:2:2 showed high total polyphenol contents. Therefore, it is thought that the effect of increasing secondary metabolites of A. rugosa without degradation of growth can be expected through night interruption treatment in plant factory cultivation systems using artificial light.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.34-39
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• 2023

Growth modeling in plant factories can not only control stable production and yield, but also control environmental conditions by considering the relationship between environmental factors and plant growth rate. In this study, using the expolinear function, we modeled perilla [Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt.] cultivated in a plant factory. Perilla growth was investigated 12 times until flower bud differentiation occurred after planting under light intensity, photoperiod, and the ratio of mixed light conditions of 130 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, 12/12 h, red:green:blue (7:1:2), respectively. Additionally, modeling was performed to predict dry and fresh weights using the expolinear function. Fresh and dry weights were strongly positively correlated (r = 0.996). Except for dry weight, fresh weight showed a high positive correlation with leaf area, followed by plant height, number of leaves, number of nodes, leaf length, and leaf width. When the number of days after transplanting, leaf area, and plant height were used as independent variables for growth prediction, leaf area was found to be an appropriate independent variable for growth prediction. However, additional destructive or non-destructive methods for predicting growth should be considered. In this study, we created a growth model formula to predict perilla growth in plant factories.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.306-317
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• 2023

Purpose: Biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), a widely used biomaterial for bone regeneration, contains synthetic hydroxyapatite (HA) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), the ratio of which can be adjusted to modulate the rate of degradation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic benefits of reconstructing peri-implant bone defects with a newly developed BCP consisting of 60% β-TCP and 40% HA compared to demineralized bovine bone mineral (DBBM). Methods: This prospective, multicenter, parallel, single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted at the periodontology departments of 3 different dental hospitals. Changes in clinical (defect width and height) and radiographic (augmented horizontal bone thickness) parameters were measured between implant surgery with guided bone regeneration (GBR) and re-entry surgery. Postoperative discomfort (severity and duration of pain and swelling) and early soft-tissue wound healing (dehiscence and inflammation) were also assessed. Data were compared between the BCP (test) and DBBM (control) groups using the independent t-test and the χ² test. Results: Of the 53 cases included, 27 were in the test group and 26 were in the control group. After a healing period of 18 weeks, the full and mean resolution of buccal dehiscence defects were 59.3% (n=16) and 71.3% in the test group and 42.3% (n=11) and 57.9% in the control group, respectively. There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of the change in mean horizontal bone augmentation (test group: -0.50±0.66 mm vs. control groups: -0.66±0.83 mm, P=0.133), postoperative discomfort, or early wound healing. No adverse or fatal complications occurred in either group. Conclusions: The GBR procedure with the newly developed BCP showed favorable clinical, radiographic, postoperative discomfort-related, and early wound healing outcomes for peri-implant dehiscence defects that were similar to those for DBBM.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.85-93
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• 2013

This study has been conducted to investigate the effect of GA₃ solution dipping treatment after 1 days full bloom on spike growth and fruit quality at harvest of 'Campbell Early' grapevine. The fruit cluster growth(weight, length, width) and fruit stalk(diameter, length) at harvest were increased significantly by GA₃ 10 mg·L^-1 solution dipping treatment compared to control and another concentration. The berry growth (berry No, weight, length, diameter) at harvest showed no difference by treatment GA₃ concentration different. Spike weight was increased by GA₃ 5, 10, 20, mg·L^-1 treatment compared to control, but no difference GA₃ 40 mg·L^-1 treatment. The degree of compact berry, bloom, skin color and SSC at harvest by GA₃ solution dipping treatment were not significantly different from those of control. but increased seedlessness induction by GA₃ 10 mg·L^-1 treatment. The occurrence percent of berry cracking by GA₃ 5, 10, 20, 40 mg·L^-1 treatment significantly decreased. The bitter rot of berry harvest showed no difference by treatment GA₃ concentration different. Total spike length was increased by GA₃ 5, 10 mg·L^-1 treatment compared to control and GA₃ 20, 40 mg·L^-1 treatment. The spike length of 1st from 15th to position increased by GA₃ 10 mg·L^-1 treatment.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.234-241
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• 2023

This study was conducted to investigate the growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and Korean mint (Agastache rugosa Kuntze) with microbubble in a closed-type plant production system (CPPS) with a deep flow technique (DFT). Lettuce and Korean mint were grown in CPPS for 23 days. Microbubble was treated for 5 minutes daily at 9:00, 13:00, and 17:00 for 16 days. The leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, and fresh and dry weights of lettuce and Korean mint were significantly lower in microbubble than in the control. The total root length, root surface area, and the number of root tips of lettuce and Korean mint were significantly lower in the microbubble than in the control. In the case of average root diameter, there was no difference between the treatments of lettuce. However, Korean mint significantly increased in thickness in the microbubble treatment, indicating variations among the different crops. The results of the research indicated that microbubble treatment in the DFT inhibited plant growth by inducing abiotic stress in lettuce and Korean mint.