• 유통과학연구
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (CEA) of wholesale and retail brokerage businesses in Korea. And give managerial implications and contribute to academics. Research design, data and methodology: This research empirically analyzes the relationship between expenses and business performance. As for business performance, this research considered two financial performances; sales and profit. As for antecedent variables, this research measured three cost investment expenses; human resource management (HRM), marketing (MKT) and corporate social responsibility (CSR). This research used frequency analysis, correlation analysis, stepwise regression analysis and curve estimation analysis. Results: The result shows that HRM and CSR positive significant influence on sales yet marketing negatively significant influence on sales. And for profit, HRM and CSR give a positive significant influence. However, marketing's influence was not significant. According to curve estimation analysis, the relation between individual cost and performance, best functional relation was all quadratic functions. Some results show ∩ shape and others show shape. Conclusions: Based on this study result, implications for practical management to Wholesale and Retail Brokerage companies in Korea. And the contribution to academics is expected. Also, based on the limitation of this study, future research is suggested.

• 농촌계획
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.123-135
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to investigate industry-wise employment growth factors in rural areas. Regional economic vitalization is sensitive to internal and external interaction changes among various industrial and occupational sectors. Thus, rural regional economic vitalization requires a comprehensive approach in analyzing industry-dependent employment structures and growth factors in rural areas. However, research conducted thus far has mostly focused on agriculture and farmers. Considering the evidence that rural communities continue to be stagnant and 80% of the rural population is engaged in nonagricultural activities, it becomes necessary to review industry-specific employment change factors in rural areas. This study targeted 5 counties in Chungnam. The results revealed that agriculture, forestry, and fisheries occupied the foremost positions with regard to population employed and regional GRDP share. The influence of national growth on employment and business variation effects was as high as 98.1% and 78.6%, respectively, thus demonstrating the high likelihood of rural economy to be influenced by external factors. Growth in the public sector appeared to support employment structure. Moreover, wholesale and retail businesses, constituting 14.4% of employment in rural areas, showed a strong trend toward degeneration, to the extent that difficulties have been forecasted for the supply of goods and services essential for basic livelihood of the rural residents. The implications based on the above observations need to be considered for policy-making to ensure that industrial structure is modified on the basis of internal demand of the region, and support for small businesses is integrated in rural area development projects.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2020

Purpose: At a time when the distribution industry is dominated by capital and technology, win-win growth among businesses groups (BGs) in wholesale market is becoming a social issue. Therefore, through analysis of market growth, market concentration (MC) and market power (MP), we want to identify the structure of the wholesale market and the competitiveness of the BGs in terms of market share (MS), sales-profit ratio (SPR), and labor productivity (LP) to explore the possibility of win-win growth. Market situation: Wholesale and Retail sales ratio (W/S) continues to increase, which also means inefficiency in distribution channels or opportunities in wholesale markets. Wholesale sales have grown 8.3 percent annually over the past 15 years, while the number of companies and workers has declined since 2017, which is why some restructuring is believed to begin in the wholesale industry. In terms of MC and MP, the growth potential of SBG can be found in FCB, ARM, FBT and CME BTs. Methodology and data: Through ANOVA and Regression Analysis, the 2015 Economic Census Data of KOSTAT was analyzed. Results: The results of ANOVA show that statistically significant SBG has a larger MS than LBG. The SPR was not different among BGs. LP is higher for LBG than for other BGs. Regression results show that the employment weight (EW) and the company size (SC) have positive effects on the MS, but the company weight (CW) and employment size (SE) have negative effects. In the case of SPR, the CW is positive and the EW is negative. In addition, LP appears to be more positive as SC in the BGs is larger. Conclusions: Although there is sufficient potential for SBG in the wholesale market, there is a problem that needs to increase LP. Therefore, the SBG needs to restructure in terms of number of companies and SC to improve the efficiency of employment. In terms of MC and MP, the SBG looks for possibilities in FCB, ARM, FBT and CME BTs. In addition, SBG that seeks higher returns with human services rather than simple sales is found to be competitive in the HHG, MES and CME BTs.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.31-42
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• 2012

After the rapidly changing business management environment and financial crisis, high prices and domestic recession in Korea posed threats to the business survival of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). This paper looks at the potential of micro business owners for sustainable development: those who have a spirit of entrepreneurship and the potential to be a hidden champion. Our study of micro business values uses structure equation modeling by LISREL. We have done so in order to understand the foundation of management innovation and success model of micro enterprise by increasing the entrepreneurship and management performance relationship analysis. A micro-enterprise is a type of small business, found only in Korea, often registered as having ten or fewer employees. We examine the successful type of hidden champions and the influence of entrepreneurship on start-ups in business. As compared to past research on the SME entrepreneurship, this study segments small businesses even further. Small business entrepreneurship was classified into three forms that are most appropriate for the Korean situation today: innovation, risk-taking, and pro-activeness. This research is meaningful as it is Korea's first empirical analysis on four business types: wholesale and retail sales, food and lodging business, service business, and manufacturing business. Thus far, research on small business entrepreneurship was carried out using small-scale investigative analysis. However, this research attempted to develop a model that can explain a cause-effect relation of the motivational level when it comes to the difference of entrepreneurship by each business type and small business start-up success factors. Various conceptual and operational definitions could be developed in a diverse and precise manner. Independent variables that are related to the success of small businesses can be developed additionally to examine the success factors related to the systematization in detailed manner. The research showed that the innovation, risk-taking and pro-activeness of the manifested difference in the degree of perception depending on the type of small businesses. Among the four business types, the ones that manifested the highest successful start-up rates were food, service, wholesale and retail sales and manufacturing. Results after conducting the regression analysis are shown on, which proves that the small business entrepreneurship exerts direct effect on the financial management performance of small businesses. In other words, small business entrepreneurship exerts a positive effect on the small business financial success and management performance. The R² value is 0.61. It is possible to know that the perception of systematization and variables on attitude explains the 61% of the success for small self-employed businesses management performance. We define start-up key factors that are helpful to achieve internal growth of firms by finding business survival strategies. The results also focus on Korean government policy for micro enterprise and small business support.

• 농촌계획
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.127-134
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• 2014

This study, in order to complement instability of analysis result stemming from the choice between reference point and comparison point which is pointed out as the defect of shift-share analysis, conducted shift-share analysis using Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) trend of Geumgang area, Chungcheongnam-do for the period from 2000 to 2011. As a result of the analysis, (1) industries that had both the positive Regional Share Effect (RSE) and Industrial Mixed Effect (IME) were service industries such as manufacturing industry, electricity gas, transportation industry, art, etc., which are positively influencing the regional industry. (2) industries that had both the negative RSE and IME were other service industries such as wholesale and retail businesses, lodging industry, food industry, real estate business and leasing service, business service industry, public administration, etc., which provide basic livelihood services for the residents. (3) industries that had the positive RSE and negative IME were agriculture, forestry and fishery industry, mining industry, construction industry, and educational service industry. (4) industries that had the negative RSE and positive IME were info-communications industry, financial and insurance businesses, health industry, etc.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.257-269
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• 2012

최근 글로벌 금융위기와 중소기업들의 연이은 도산으로 인해 국내 중소기업들의 구조조정에 대한 논의가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 신용보증기금에 등록된 중소기업 자료에 대하여 업종별 생존율 동향을 비교분석하였다. 이때 생존율의 차이는 로그순위 검정과 윌콕슨의 검정통계량을 사용하여 분석하였다. 또한 재무변수들을 이용하여 중소기업의 업종별 콕스 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 도소매업과 서비스업이 경공업과 중공업, 건설업에 비하여 생존율이 높았으며, 건설업의 경우 생존율이 가장 낮음을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 업종별로 유의한 재무변수를 살펴보면, 건설업은 자기자본비율, 유동비율이 커질수록 부도율이 감소하는 반면에 차입금의존도가 커질수록 부도율이 증가하였다. 경공업은 자기자본비율, 총자산 순이익률이 커질수록, 도소매업은 자기자본비율, 유동비율이 커질수록 부도율이 감소하였다. 중공업은 자기자본비율, 총자산 순이익률, 유동비율이 커질수록 부도율이 감소하였지만 결합지표가 커질수록 부도율이 증가하였다. 마지막으로, 서비스업은 유동비율이 커질수록 부도율이 감소하였다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.201-208
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• 2023

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic poses disastrous effects on human lives and hinders global efforts to realize the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030. The study examined the effects of the pandemic on unemployment toward realizing the SDGs. The downsizing and collapse of businesses have forcibly left many unfortunate Malaysians jobless and without income. The situation may directly influence government efforts to achieve SDG 8 'Decent work and economic growth', which indirectly affects SDG 1 'No poverty', SDG 2 'Zero hunger', and SDG 3 'Good health and well-being'. Pre-and post-pandemic assessments on unemployment and retrenchment level by sector were performed by adopting observation and data comparison methods. Critical findings revealed that the unemployment rate has risen among males and females and the youth, as well as the number of retrenchments. The services sector, specifically the wholesale, retail, trade, and hotel industry showed the highest number of retrenchments. Some important unemployment issues were also covered in this study, including the demand for employment, the role of government and business, and the effect of the gig economy on the current employment landscape. The avenue for future studies can focus on additional societal effects that could prevent the country from attaining the SDGs by 2030.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.51-58
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to analyze how the appreciation or recognition of quick response systems, with the utilization of technology, can improve operations for businesses in the DongDaeMoon fashion market. A survey was conducted from April 25 to May 10 in 2007, among owners and designers of wholesale shops in the DongDaeMoon fashion market. Data was collected from 270 subjects, and general descriptive and comparative statistical analysis was applied to acquire various parameters. Firstly, the product types within the DongDaeMoon fashion market were small and medium quantity batch production systems. The majority of businesses adopted the production strategy of outsourcing through subcontracted factories. To re-order, a fashion merchandising required 2 to 3 days. Secondly, the design sources of fashion merchandises were national fashion brands, popular items within the same industries, and also fashion magazines. New products was made within 4 days after a sample item was received. Business acquaintances were fashion retail shops of DongDaeMoon, and internet or home shopping companies. Thirdly, the recognition of importance and effects of quick response systems was difference between high and low group of the utilization of technology in the DongDaeMoon fashion market.

• 벤처혁신연구
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.131-151
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• 2019

본 논문은 과연 법인의 전기 유보금이 당기 투자 및 배당에 유의한 영향을 미치는지를 업종별 더미변수를 통하여 살펴보고자 한다. 본 논문의 연구결과 양 년도에 걸쳐 물적 투자에서는 제조업, 기술서비스업, 도소매업, 정보서비스업, 건설업, 운수업종에서 전기 유보금이 당기 물적 투자에 유의한 영향을 미쳤으며, 이 중 개발비 및 경상개발비에 대한 투자보다는 유형자산에 대한 투자가 더 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 인적 투자에서는 제조업, 기술서비스업, 정보서비스업, 운수업종에서 전기 유보금이 당기 인적 투자에 유의한 영향을 미쳤으며, 이 중 급여에 대한 투자보다는 교육훈련비 및 복리후생비에 대한 투자가 더 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 배당에서는 제조업, 도소매업, 정보서비스업, 운수업, 기타 업종에서 전기 유보금이 당기 배당금에 유의한 영향을 미쳤으며, 이 중 배당률에 대한 지출보다는 배당금에 대한 지출이 더 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 본 논문의 공헌점은 전기 유보금이 당기 투자 및 배당에 유의한 영향을 미치는지를 업종별로 구분하여 그 효과를 실증분석 하였다는 점이다. 이에 반해 본 논문의 한계점으로는 정확한 세무자료의 수집이 현실적으로 어려워 회귀분석 결과 나온 계량 적인 결과물들이 과연 정부의 정책 효과를 어느 정도 정확히 반영하고 있는지 그 기준을 찾는 연구가 필요하리라 생각된다. 이와 더불어 국내외 경제 및 경영 환경의 모호성과 불확실성에 대해 정부가 어떤 정책을 추진해야 기업이 안심하고 투자할 수 있는지 그 연구도 필요하리라 여겨진다.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.747-756
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• 2010

최근의 전 세계적인 경기 침체에 따라 산업계 전반에 관한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 신용보증기금에 등록된 중소기업들의 자료에 대하여 생존 분석을 이용하여 생존율을 추정하였다. 또한 중소기업의 자산규모와 업종에 따라 건설업과 타 업종으로 구분하여 생존율에 관한 동향을 비교분석하였다. 이때 생존율은 생명표에 의해 구하였으며, 업종별 생존율의 차이는 로그순위 검정과 윌콕슨의 검정통계량을 사용하여 분석하였다. 실험 결과 중소기업의 자산규모가 10억 이상이 가장 높았으며, 1억 미만, 1억에서 10억 미만은 비슷한 생존율을 보였다. 업종별로는 도소매업과 서비스업이 경공업과 중공업, 건설업에 비하여 생존율이 높았으며 건설업의 경우 생존율이 가장 낮음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 대부분의 중소기업들은 시간이 지날수록 위험률이 상승하는 추세를 보였다.