• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.526-532
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• 2006

The aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition, in vitro DM degradability, ME and OMD of alfalfa-maize silage mixtures in comparison to pure maize and alfalfa silages, and to test the existence of associative effects of ensiling alfalfa forage with whole-crop maize using the in vitro gas production technique. Ensiling alfalfa with whole-crop maize had a significant (p<0.001) effect on chemical composition, pH, in vitro DM degradability, OMD and estimated ME values of mixtures. DM content of the resultant silages significantly increased with increasing proportion of whole-crop maize in the mixtures, whereas the pH value, crude protein (CP), acid detergent fibre (ADF) and ash contents of mixtures decreased due to the dilution effect of whole-crop maize which was low in CP, ADF and ash. The pH values of all alfalfa-maize silage mixtures were at the desired level for quality silage. Gas production of alfalfa-maize silage mixtures at all incubation times except 12 h increased with increasing proportion of whole-crop maize. When alfalfa was mixed with whole-crop maize in the ratio 40:60, ME and OMD values were significantly (p<0.001) higher than other silages. Maximum gas production ($A_{gas}$) ranged from 65.7 to 78.1 with alfalfa silage showing the lowest maximum gas production. The results obtained in this study clearly showed that maximum gas production increased with increased percentage of whole-crop maize in the silage mixtures (r = 0.940, p<0.001). It was concluded that ensiling alfalfa with whole-crop maize improved the pH, OMD and ME values. However, trials with animals are required to see how these differences in silage mixtures affect animal performance.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.340-344
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• 2005

In high-income Asian countries like Korea and Japan, per capita rice consumption has declined because of the change in consumer' favorite foods from rice to high-cost quality foods. This has forced farmers to reduce rice production. Although fodder rice could be another option to be cultured by farmers, available information concerning rice grain silage has been limited. In the present study, therefore, the difference in the quality of fodder rice silage prepared from either whole crop or grain at different ripening stages was compared. Various supplements were also added into whole crop and grain silages of fodder rice before ensiling, and thereafter, the palatability of prepared silages was determined by beef cattle. At ear emergence stage, the pH values for both grain and whole crop silages were approximately 4.5. In both grain and whole crop silages, the pH values were significantly increased by progressing ripening stages from milk-ripe stage to yellow-ripe stages, and the increase in pH value for grain silage was faster than that for whole crop silage. In the grain silage, the higher lactic acid (LA) content in grain silage seemed to be, the lower pH value was. Both in grain and whole crop silages, pH was significantly decreased by supplementation with LA bacteria. There were no significant differences in feed intake among any treatment groups.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.383-388
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• 2015

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of hairy vetch supplementation on quality of winter crop silage. There were 4 treatments (addition levels of hairy vetch ; 0, 5, 15, and 30%) with 3 replicates. Experimental silages stored for 40 days at room temperature ($20-25^{\circ}C$). THe silage crude protein level was improved (P<0.05) while hairy vetch supplementation increased. However, no difference was found (P>0.05) in crude fat, NDF and ADF of the silage while hairy vetch supplementation increased. The silage pH was increased (P<0.05) but lactic acid level was decreased (P<0.05) while hairy vetch supplementation increased. Nonetheless, acetic and butyric acids concentrations were increased (P<0.05) while hairy vetch supplementation increased. Sucrose, glucose and fructose levels were increased (P<0.05) while hairy vetch supplementation increased. Although negative effects were detected in whole crop barley silage while hairy vetch supplementation increased, optimum level of hairy vetch supplementation could be overwhelmed its negative effects on whole crop barley silage. Thus, the results of present study suggested that 15% hairy vetch supplementation of whole crop barley silage would be beneficial its quality maintenance compared to whole crop barley silage per se.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.164-171
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• 1990

This study was carried out to enhance the nutritional value of whole crop corn silage and the utilization of animal waste as a ruminant feedstuffs. Whole crop corn were ensiled with cage layer excreta and concentrate. Treatments included whole crop corn silage (control), 10% cage layer excreta and concentrate-corn silage (CES lo), 20% cage layer excreta and 10% concentrate-corn silage (CES 20) and 30% cage layer excreta and 10% concentrate-corn silage (CES 30). The characteristics of silage fermentation was evaluated. Digestibility and palatability of the silage were observed through the feeding trial with four male Corridale sheep. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Cage layer excreta-corn silage showed higher contents of crude protein and crude ash than control silage, while crude fibre content was significantlv lower than that of control silage (P(.01). 2. Total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen content of the cage layer excreta-corn silage was significantly (P< .01) higher than that of control, but CES 10 silage was good in quality. 3. Lactic acid content of CES 10 silage was the highest, but that of CES 20 and CES 30 silage was lower than that of control. CES 20 and CES 30 silage was lower lactic acid content and higher pH than control. Therefore Flieg's score was wrose than that of control silage. 4. The numbers of total bacteria and lactic fermentation bacteria were estimated lo7-10' and 10"1OH, respectively, and there were no significant differences among treatments. Coliform numbers were not detected with CES 10 silage while were detected lo3 per gram in CES 30 silage. 5. Digestibility of crude protein, crude fibre and ADF was improved significantly in the animals fed the cage layer excreta-corn silage compared with animals fed the control silage. DCP and TDN were the highest in the CES 10 silage. 6. The intake of daily nitrogen and dry matter per metabolic body weight was the highest in animals fed the CES 10 silage.lage.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.138-148
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• 2020

This study was carried out to find out the changes in the growth characteristics and feed value of the three different whole-crop silage rice cultivars of whole-crop silage rice such as Jonong, Yeongwoo and Mogwoo to develop an efficient double cropping system. This study showed that there were significant differences biomass and feed values among cultivars but no clear difference among transplanting dates. Dry weight and height were in order of Mogwoo, Yeongwoo, Jonong (p<0.05). Dry weight and feed value of Jonong showed no significant difference after 21 days after heading (DAH), it was expected to be harvested before DAH 30 days. Yeongwoo showed a lower dry weight than Mogwoo, but heading date was earlier than Mogwoo, so one can expect a higher feed value than Mogwoo. Mogwoo had lower crude protein and total digestible nutrient than the other two cultivars but relative feed value in stem was higher than that of the other cultivars, but had higher dry weight than other cultivars so it was considered to take an advantage as a silage rice. Therefore, the results of this study suggest that the selection of whole-crop silage rice on the cropping system be made comprehensively by considering the heading characteristics of the cultivars and the feed value.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.389-398
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• 2009

본 연구는 동계사료작물 사일리지를 첨가한 TMR을 급여하였을 때, 흑염소의 사료 섭취량, 일당 증체량, 영양소 소화율 및 질소 축적율에 미치는 영향을 조사하여 흑염소에 대한 동계사료작물의 사료가치 평가의 자료로 이용하고자 실시하였다. 공시가축은 흑염소 12두(♂)를 4처리구(T1: 청보리 사일리지 첨가구, T2: 유채사일리지 첨가구, T3: 호밀 사일리지 첨가구 및 T4: 이탈리안 라이그라스 사일리지 첨가구)로 나누어 처리구당 3두씩 개체별 대사케이지 에 라틴방각법으로 실시하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1일 두당 건물, 유기물 및 조단백질 섭취량은 유채 사일리지 첨가구가 가장 높았고, 청보리 사일리지 첨가구가 가장 낮았다(p<0.05). 조단백질 및 ADF 가소화 섭취량 또한 유채 사일리지 첨가구가 가장 높았다(p<0.05). 1일 증체량은 유채 사일리지 첨가구, 호밀 사일리지 첨가구 및 이탈리안 라이그라스 사일리지 첨가구가 청보리 사일리지 첨가구 보다 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 건물, 조단백질 및 섬유소 소화율은 청보리 사일리지 첨가구가 가장 높았으며, 유채 사일리지 첨가구가 유의하게 낮았다(p<0.05). 질소섭취량과 질소축적율은 유채 사일리지 첨가구가 유의하게 높았으며, 청보리 사일리지 첨가구가 가장 낮았다(p<0.05). 이러한 결과를 종합적으로 고려할 때 동계사료작물 중 유채 사일리지 첨가시 사료 섭취량 및 질소 축적율 증가로 인해 흑염소의 생산성이 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권8호
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• pp.1133-1137
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• 2001

An experiment was conducted to study the performance and carcass characteristics of Hanwoo steers fed whole crop corn silage ensiled with poultry manure (PM) for 18 months. The experiment was designed as a randomized block design with three phases. Steers were allotted in one of three dietary treatments, which were ammonia-treated rice straw (AS), whole crop corn silage (CS) and whole crop corn+30% PM silage (based on DM; MS). All diets were supplemented with concentrate. Total body weight gain and average daily gain (ADG) in MS group were increased (p<0.05) by 6% over AS group. The MS treatment enhanced (p<0.05) total and daily intakes of forage compared with the AS and CS treatments while there was compensatory effect on concentrate intake by AS group. Carcass characteristics were improved by feeding MS. MS increased (p<0.05) carcass weight and marbling score (7.5 and 22.5% of AS, respectively), and reduced (p<0.05) backfat thickness (13.2 of AS and 16.6% CS). Carcass grade and meat quality grade were also improved by MS compared with AS and CS. Under the conditions of this study, MS was an efficacious replacement for corn silage for steers.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.179-182
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• 2009

This study was carried out between November 2007 and October 2008 in the experimental farm of Chunnam National University to investigate the effect of feeding of whole crop barley silage on the reproductive performance of Hanwoo heifers and cows. Two diets, rice straw or whole crop barley silage separately from concentrate were fed 11 Hanwoo heifers and 26 Hanwoo cows. In control group (=CON), heifers (n=6) and cows (n=13) were fed 7 kg (/head) rice straw and 4 kg (/head) commercial diet. In whole crop barley silage group (=WBG), heifers (n=5) and cows (n=13) were fed 8 kg (/head) whole crop barley silage and 1 kg (/head) commercial diet. 1. Conception rates for first service in CON or WBG heifers were 66.7% (4/6) and 60.0% (3/5), respectively, and the services per conception cows were $1.5{\pm}0.2$ for CON and $1.4{\pm}0.2$ for WBG group. 2. Days to post-partum insemination were $106.6{\pm}26.3$ days for CON and $85.6{\pm}12.6$ days for WBG group, and days to post-partum conception in CON or WBG were $128.4{\pm}27.1$ and $96.8{\pm}16.8$ days, respectively. 3. Post-partum conception rates for first service in CON or WBG were 76.9% (10/13) and 84.6% (11/13), respectively, and caving interval was $418{\pm}50.7$ days for CON and $392.8{\pm}20.7$ days for WBG group.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.153-156
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• 1987

본 실험은 이른봄에 많이 생산이용되고 있는 호맥을 수영기, 출영기, 유숙기, 호숙기 및 황숙기의 5단계로 예취하여 이들을 임과로 silage를 만들었을 때 그 품질을 분석비교한 것으로써 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. Silage의 건물회수율은 난숙기부터 높아졌고 (P<0.01), Total-N에 대한 ammonia 태실표의 비율은 난숙기(9.37%)와 호숙기(12.7%)가 낮았다. (P<0.01). 2.Silage의 건물과 건물회수율 및 건물과 pH의 상관관계는 각각 0.782및 0.785로서 정(+)의 상관이 있었고(P<0.01), 건물회수율과 수분 및 $NH_3-N$간에는 차(일)의 상관이 있었다 (P<0.05). 3. 생율단계별 silage의 유기산함량에 의한 품질평가로서는 난숙기와 호숙기가 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 4. 호맥은 수량과 silage의 품질면에서 볼 때 호숙기에 예취하여 silage로 이용하는 것이 가장 적합하다고 사료된다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.61-67
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• 2017

본 연구는 '태중'밀의 조사료로서의 이용성을 확인하기 위하여 사료가치와 사일리지 품질특성을 구명하고자 실시하였다. 태중밀의 출수기는 4월 27일이고, 영양보리나 청우밀보다 초장이 길고 장수형으로 이삭도 큰 편이며, 생초수량과 건물수량도 높다. 사료가치 면에서는 태중밀이 영양보리나 청우밀보다 조단백질 함량은 높았고, NDF와 ADF함량은 낮았으며, 가소화영양소함량은 유의적으로 높았다(P<0.05). 발효품질 면에서는 태중밀의 pH는 4.2이었고, 유산함량은 청우밀 사일리지보다 낮고 영양보리 사일리지보다는 유의적으로 높았다(P<0.05). 초산함량은 영양보리나 청우밀 사일리지보다 유의적으로 낮은 값을 보였고(p<0.01), 낙산함량은 영양보리 사일리지 대비 유의적으로 낮은 값을 보였다(p<0.05). 최종 Flieg's score는 태중밀 사일리지가 1등급으로 가장 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 경제성 분석에서도 영양보리와 청우밀 대비 소득이 향상되는 것으로 나타나, 태중밀은 담근먹이용 조사료로 충분히 이용 가능한 것으로 판단된다.