• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.87-90
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• 2008

Gynaecotyla squatarolae (Digenea: Microphallidae) adult flukes were recovered from experimental chicks at day 4-6 post-infection and their tegumental ultrastructure was observed with a scanning electron microscopy. They were pyriform in shape, and their anterior halves were concaved ventrally. The whole body surface was covered with tegumental spines, which were wide and 16-17 digitated between oral and ventral suckers. The density of spines and number of digits decreased posteriorly. The oral sucker was subterminal and the excretory pore was at the posterior end of the worm. Two ventral suckers were similar in appearance and protruded near midline of the worm. The genital atrium was dextral to the small ventral sucker. The dorsal surface was covered with tegumental spines, but the spines were sparser than on the ventral surface. On the middle portion of the dorsal surface, a small opening presumed to be the Laurer's canal was seen. From these findings, it has been confirmed that the adult G. squatarolae has unique characteristics in the surface ultrastructure.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.43-61
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to verify the usefulness of kinetic House- Tree- Person drawing as a diagnostic measure for the degree of self-differentiation, which is an essential part of college students' development. Participants for the study were four hundred thirty five(272 male and 163 female) university freshmen enrolled in 4-year colleges located in Pusan. The Participants completed a scale of self-differentiation and a Kinetic House- Tree-Person drawings test. The evaluation system for kinetic House-Tree-Person drawings was established based on the indexes of Buck(1948) and Bums(1972) and used exiting literatures as reference. The data were analyzed using means, standard deviations, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Scheffe's test. The results obtained from the study are as follows: First, the mean level of college students' self-differentiation was 2.81, which is about average. Some significant gender differences were found in the areas of self-intergration, family projection, and emotional separation. Male students scored higher on self-intergration, whereas female students score higher on family projection and emotional separation. Second. self-differentiation was higher when the student drew a house with smoke coming out of the chimney, a single-story house with flat roof, or with detailed description of curtains, roof and roof tiles. Third, self-differentiation seemed to be higher when branches and fruits were included, when there was no expression of roots, when large crowns and branch openings were presented, and when no slant lines or base lines appeared. Forth, self-differentiation showed ㅁ higher level when the portrait shows eyes, mouth and neck without omission, when it included the whole body instead of face only, and when there was no person with just a profile, a back, or with a stiff posture, and when there was no weak and thin lines. Individuality also marked higher if a person was in motion and than one person was added. Finally, self-differentiation showed significant difference according to the overall harmony of the drawing, ordering of contents, hand pressure, the kind and shape of tree, and presence of other persons. The more harmonious the picture was, and the more family members are added, the higher the level of self-differentiation was.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.169-183
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• 2004

This study attempts to understand women's underwear culture in the Later Chosun Dynasty, by investigating the kinds and constructions of them, which formed bulky and puffed silhouette of the lower half of the body. In the middle 17th century in Chosun, Confucianism settled down as fundamental idea of society, while whole country achieved considerable economic growth. As a result for upperclass women, female virtues was demanded more than any other period in Chosun. On the other hand, lower-class women including Kisaengs, had more freedom on their clothing behaviors. According to the literature on women's dress institutions and restrictions of the extravagance, the use of kinds of high-quality silk and false hair was criticized, compared to women's clothes in China. From this, one can see the luxury and affluence of women's clothes at that time, which also reflected in luxurious underclothes. Also, the movement of class, by economic development, led to changes in the costumes of middle-to-lower class women, relaxing restrictions on clothes. Underclothes included Bosomband(가슴띠; long sashes for bosom to wrap), Sokjucksam(속적삼), and Sokchogori(속저고리; Korean blouse, worn under the chogori) for upper garment, and Darisokkok(다리속곳; basic underwear like the panty), Soksokkot(속속곳; underwear paji to be wide of hem), Sokpaji(속바지;trouser front and back opening), Tansokkok(단속곳; large size underwear like Soksokkot), Noronpaji(너른바지; paji like the skirt or paji bulky than tansokkot,), Mujigi무지기; tiered skirt for underwear), and Daeshumchi'ma(대슘치마; Korean underskirt, shape hem as a pad into form) for lower clothes.

• 복식
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• 제56권8호
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• pp.74-82
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• 2006

In ancient China, Su(綬) was the ornament of the full dress. It had originated from tying the jade or another thing before Jen(秦:Qin) dynasty and it tied the imperial jade seal and the chop from Han dynasty. Su of Han dynasty was different in the inscape, colour, length and density according to the grade. And the shape was the straight line. But these phenomena were changed after Han dynasty. This study showed how it changed. To studying used the comparison method of literature records, paintings and archeological relics. It mostly studied imperial Su. Su of Han dynasty of the high grade was formed by Yeok, the circle type jade and Su(Su moaned whole Su, at the same time moaned the part of Su, too). Afterward, Yeok was changed into Small Su[小綬] and Su was changed into Big Su(大綬). Originally the circle type jade was connecting Yeok to Su, but it was changed into tying Small Su only. Su of Han dynasty used the four kinds of colour, but from Su(隋: Sui) dynasty used the six kinds of colour. Originally Su was interlacing, but it was changed into the silk fabric from Song[宋] dynasty. According to using silk fabric's Su, it was likely to disappear the system distinguishing the grade by length. And it kept the method of interlacing the reticulation in the low part of silk fabric's Su. So, after using silk fabric's Su, the system of the density was not about the main body but about the reticulation. Su was been used woven with supplementary golden wefts, too. The circle type jade was chiseled the dragon and cloud from Geum[金:Jin] dynasty. These not the pattern of silk fabrics.

• 한국광물학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.285-297
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• 2013

하동군 북천면 직전리 일대에는 선캄브리아기 간극누적형 회장암체 내 티탄철석 광상이 발달하고 있다. 정밀 지질조사를 통한 노두 자료와 7개 공의 시추탐사 자료를 바탕으로 GOCAD S/W를 사용하여 티타늄의 자원량을 평가하였다. 티탄철석 광체의 지하 부존상태 및 규모를 예측하기 위해 3차원 모델링을 수행한 결과 5개 맥상 광체가 남북방향으로 발달하였으며, 지구통계학적 기법을 활용하여 평균품위 및 자원량을 산출한 결과 Ti 평균 품위 2.98 wt%, 티탄철석 광량 7,494,303톤 (Ti 223,330톤)이 산정되었다. 이번 연구에 수행된 3차원 모델링을 하동지역 회장암 내 티탄광상 전체에 적용함으로써 티타늄 광체의 3차원적 형태와 자원량 평가에 활용할 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.552-559
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• 2013

This study is conducted in order to investigate the prevalence of vitamin mineral (VM) supplement use and its related factors among Korean adolescents. Using a cross-sectional study design, information was obtained by questionnaires from adolescents selected by stratified sampling in large, small and middle-size cities, as well as rural areas of the whole country, followed by convenience sampling. The total number of participants in this study was 1,407 adolescents ($15.2{\pm}1.6$ years) attending middle or high schools, chosen from various cities and rural areas in Korea. The prevalence of VM supplement use was 65.5%, and there was no significant difference between the genders. City dwellers took VM supplements more frequently than those adolescents from rural areas (p < 0.01). The VM supplement users tended to have higher family income, parents' academic background, and socioeconomic status, respectively (p < 0.001). The greater part of VM supplement users replied that they acquired their nutritional information from their parents, relatives and friends, while many nonusers replied that they did it from school classes (p < 0.05). Compared to nonusers, VM supplement users had greater 'self concern about health' (p < 0.05), 'parents' concern about child's health, growth, and nutritional intake' (p < 0.001), and 'parents' concern about child's grade point' (p < 0.01). However, there was no significant difference between users and nonusers when it came to 'self perception of body shape' or 'BMI'. In addition, users significantly had greater nutritional beliefs concerning VM supplements than nonusers (p < 0.001). These results showed that VM supplement use has been common among adolescents in Korea, and supplement use of subjects has been related with various factors. Among them, it was shown that especially parents great influence the use of VM supplements by adolescents. Thus, not only education for adolescents, but also that for parents is needed to help adolescents take VM supplements properly.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.36-48
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• 2012

This study intends to provide fundamental data to develop creative high-value designs, proving that the cut-out technique, a decorative element of fashion design, can be used to express various visual effects. The author performed a literature review of such publications as Gap Press, Fashion News, and Mode & Mode from 2001S/S to 2010S/S, referring to Internet data to empirically analyze the cut-out technique in contemporary fashion. The study found that the cut-out design is effective overall, but is best suited for one-piece designs and for partial rather than whole items of clothing. The basic motif of the cut-out is a geometrical pattern based on a line, a tear, or is shapeless. The cut-out design is mostly shown as an overall pattern or as a symmetrical shape. Analysis shows that the characteristics of the contemporary fashion utilizing the cut-out technique are as follow: First, the cut-out technique exposes the curves of a woman's body in a direct or indirect way, thereby emphasizing her sexuality and maximizing the value of female beauty. Second, through the cut-out technique, we can highlight the various types of space formed by the technique and repeated patterns; we may also elaborate on single-patterned laser-cut designs, which will show that the particular surface effect of the material can strongly impact the attractiveness of the design through emphasis and decoration. Third, damaging or destroying clothes on purpose, showing surprising concepts through optical illusions, and expressing humor by ignoring existing clothing styles show our willingness to escape from traditional or obvious design ideas, as well as demonstrating individuality and playfulness.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2003년도 춘계공동학술대회논문집
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• pp.21-26
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• 2003

지금까지의 탄성설계 개념에서 진전하여 소성을 고려한 탄소성 설계 개념의 설계적용이 필요하다 본 연구에서는 선체의 대표적인 구조물인 판을 대상으로 일반적인 하중형증분법 및 변위형증분법과 같은 비선형해석 기법과 호장증분법과 Newton-Raphson법을 병용한 증분형해법을 비교하였다. 특히. 초기처짐의 형태에 따른 해석을 통하여 초지처짐의 형상에 따른 판의 탄소성거동을 규명하였다 압축하중을 받는 박판구조물은 초기좌굴후 거동과 2차좌굴후 거동이 구조물 전체에 미치는 영향이 매우 크며 이러한 복잡한 거동을 구하기 위해서 해석방법으로는 범용 유한요소해석 프로그램인 ANSYS를 이용하였고 특히 호장증분법은 좌굴점에서의 복잡한 비선형 거동을 추정하기 위하여 적용하였다.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.181-189
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• 2021

본 연구는 방사선치료 시 사용하는 고정용구 인 열가소성 플라스틱 마스크를 3D 프린트로 제작하기 위한 선행 연구로써 열가소성 플라스틱을 대체할 수 있는 필라멘트 재질을 분석하고자 진행하였다. 시중에 상용화되어 있는 필라멘트 재질 중 열가소성 플라스틱 마스크와 특성이 유사한 재질을 선택하여 방사선량을 비교 분석하였다. 실험은 몬테칼로 시뮬레이션을 이용하였으며, 마스크가 두부를 고정한 형태를 ICRU구를 대상으로 모사하고 열가소성 플라스틱 재질과 필라멘트 재질을 적용하여 피부 Hp(0.07), 수정체 Hp(3), 전신 Hp(10) 지점에서 광자 플루언스를 계산하였다. 그 결과 열가소성 플라스틱 재질을 기준으로 상대적인 선량을 보면 차이가 4% 이내로 근사한 값을 나타내었으며, 가장 유사한 선량을 보인 재질은 PA-nylon으로 나타났다. 적절한 필라멘트 재질 선택에 있어서 경제성, 방사선 영향 등 다양한 조건을 종합적으로 고려하여 선택해야 할 것이며, 본 연구 결과를 기초적인 자료로써 활용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.189-194
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• 2009

종속영양 와편의류인 Pfiesteria 종과 이와 유사한 형태의 Pfiesteria-like 종간의 생태적 지위차를 확인하기 위해, Pfiesteria piscicida, Cryptoperidininopsis brodyi, Stoeckeria algicida 3종에 전복유생(abalone larvae)을 투입하여 그들의 섭식 여부를 확인하고, 이들의 농도변화에 따른 전복 유생의 생존율 변화를 확인하였다. P. piscicida와 C. brodyi는 부화 1일차의 전복 유생을 직접 공격하여 치사 시킨 후 peduncle이라는 섭식기관을 이용하여 개체 전체를 섭식하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 하지만 형태적으로 이들과 매우 유사하고 peduncle도 가진 S. algicida는 전복 유생을 직접 공격하거나 섭식하지 않았다. 전복 유생의 생존율은 P. piscicida와 C. brodyi의 초기 투입농도가 증가함에 따라 상대적으로 낮아졌다. 이러한 결과는 형태적으로 매우 유사한 종속영양성 와편모류일지라도 그들이 가지는 생태적지위는 매우 다르며, 보다 명확한 해양 생태계 먹이사슬을 이해하기 위해서는 종(species) 수준의 명확한 종 동정연구가 필요함을 제시해 준다.