• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2010

This study was accomplished to identify and analyze vegetation structure of Mountainous Wetlands in Dan-yang and around area, and surveyed from September to November, 2006. 6 sites of total 16 potential Mountainous Wetlands by GIS based wetland forecasting system (Korea National Arboretum, 2006) were identified as wetlands throughout field survey by the indicators such as hydrology, soil and vegetation. By classification system of Korea National Arboretum (2006), types of wetlands were classified into 3 slope-types and 3 flat-types. To understand vegetation structure of wetlands, height, DBH (diameter at breast height), DI (Dominance Index), sociability and constancy were surveyed and the projection diagram and charts ware drawn. As results, Salix koreensis in woody plant layer and Persicaria thunbergiiin and Juncus effusus var. decipiens in herb layer were surveyed as broadly distributed species. The wetlands of Dan-yang around area were similar to those of Chung-ju around area, but the species of plants and hydrology conditions were different. This study is mainly focused on vegetation condition of Mountainous Wetlands. But, further studies on functional assessment for management and restoration of wetlands were necessary.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.71-77
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• 2012

The performance and characteristics of nutrient removal in wetlands influenced by plant type. We tested a floating plant, Eichhornia crassipes, and a submerged plant, Ceratophyllum demersum, under the same environmental conditions to understand the differences in nutrient uptake by these different plant forms. The total nitrogen and phosphorus in the water decreased in the following order: Water Only < Water + Soil < Floating Plants ${\approx}$ Submerged Plants and Water Only < Water+Soil < Floating Plants < Submerged Plants. Nitrogen and phosphorous concentrations increased in both plants; however, the phosphorous concentration was greater in C. demersum than E. crassipes. The submerged plant exhibited higher phosphorus uptake per unit biomass than the floating plant, but nitrogen uptake did not differ significantly. These results suggest that the presence of soil influences nitrogen and phosphorus removal from water, and that wetland plants play an important role in the assimilation and precipitation of phosphorus. Understanding the differences in contaminant removal performance and characteristics of various plant forms can help in the selection of diverse plants for constructed wetlands to improve water quality and provide ecosystem services such as wildlife habitat and landscape enhancement.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.351-358
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• 2012

수생식물은 인공습지 오 폐수처리장에서 여재의 입단 형성을 촉진시켜 폐수의 투수속도를 증가시킬 뿐만 아니라 악취를 줄이고 미관상 혐오감을 크게 줄일 수 있으며, 수처리효율과 밀접한 관련이 있다고 보고하였다. 이에 본 연구는 수생식물여과조-활성슬러지-인공습지를 하나의 시스템으로 시공한 축산폐수처리장에서 수생식물의 생육특성 및 영양염류의 흡수특성을 조사하기 위해 3차 수직 흐름조에는 갈대, 4차 수평 흐름조에는 노랑꽃창포 및 5차 수평 흐름조에는 갈대, 노랑꽃창포 및 부들을 2010년 7월에 이식하였으며, 축산폐수 처리시일을 1, 3 및 5개월로 구분하여 각 수생식물의 생육특성과 영양염류 흡수특성 조사하였다. 수생식물의 생육특성은 갈대, 노랑꽃창포 및 부들 모두 처리시일 3개월인 10월까지는 수생식물의 성장과 동시에 수생식물이 무성하게 퍼졌으며, 특히 노랑꽃창포의 경우 타 수생식물에 비해 생육이 매우 좋았다. 수생식물의 생육 5개월 후인 2010년 12월의 경우는 겨울철 식물의 고사로 인하여 수생식물의 생육이 저조하였다. 수생식물의 영양염류 흡수특성은 수생식물 이식 후 1개월까지 점점 증가하였으나 증가폭이 크지 않았고, 수생식물 이식후 3개월 후인 가을철에는 수생식물의 질소 흡수량이 최대가 되었다. 그러나 수생식물 이식 후 5개월 후인 겨울철에는 수생식물의 고사로 인해 수생식물의 잎과 줄기가 고사하여 영양염류의 흡수량이 다시 감소하였다. 또한 수생식물 종별 영양영류의 흡수특성은 노랑꽃창포 ${\gg}$ 부들 > 갈대 순이었고, 특히 노랑꽃창포가 다른 수생식물에 비해 영양염류의 흡수량이 매우 높았다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.41-54
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to present the fundamental data for conservation and management of wetland ecosystem by surveying and analysing the vascular plants distributed in major wetlands, Gyeongju National Park. The study sites were Tohamsan wetland, Amgok wetland and Namsan wetland. The numbers of vascular plants were summarized as 200 taxa including 70 families, 145 genera, 171 species, 2 subspecies, 23 varieties and 4 forms. The threatened species designated by Ministry of Environment was Utricularia yakusimensis, and the rare plants were 7 taxa including Utricularia yakusimensis, Drosera rotundifolia, Mosla japonica, Utricularia bifida, Pogonia japonica, Utricularia racemosa and Iris ensata var. spontanea. The Korean endemic plants were Lespedeza maritima and Weigela subsessilis. The specific plants by floristic region were 12 taxa including 3 taxa of grade V, 1 taxa of grade IV, 1 taxa of grade III, 2 taxa of grade II and 5 taxa of grade I. The plants with approval for delivering oversea were 9 taxa including Glycine soja, Saussurea pulchella, Habenaria linearifolia and so forth. The naturalized platns were 5 taxa including Rumex obtusifolius, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Bidens frondosa, Erigeron annuus and Erigeron strigosus, the invasive alien plant was Ambrosia artemisiifolia.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.183-190
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• 2018

Backgrounds: The main purpose of this research was to assess changes in vegetation structure, wetland index, and diversity index for a 15-year-old created wetland in Jincheon, South Korea. The created wetland consists of four sub-wetlands: a kidney-shaped wetland, a ditch, an ecological pond, and a square wetland. Vegetation and water depth data were collected at each site in 1999 and 2013, and Shannon diversity and wetland indices were calculated. Results: The total number of plant species increased from 18 in 1999 to 50 in 2013, and the ecological pond in 1999 and the ditch in 2013 presented the highest diversity indices (2.5 and 3.2, respectively). Plant species were less diverse in 1999 than in 2013, presumably because these initial wetlands were managed periodically for water purification and installation of test beds. The proportion of wetland plants, including obligate wetland and facultative wetland species, decreased from 83 to 56%, whereas upland plants, including obligate upland and facultative upland species, increased from 17 to 44%. After ceasing water supply, water depth in all four sub-wetlands declined in 2013. Thus, upland plants established more readily at these sites, resulting in higher diversity and lower wetland indices than in 1999. Conclusions: The major floristic differences between 1999 and 2013 were an increase in the number of upland plants and a decrease in wetland species. Although wetland indices were lower in 2013, the created wetland performed important ecosystem functions by providing habitats for wetland and upland plants, and the overall species diversity was high.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.51-61
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• 2002

The wetland is a biologically integrated system consisting of water, soil, bacteria, plants, and animals. The wetland helps sustain the ecosystem, control the micro-climate and flood, maintain the ground water level, and provide fishing grounds. From the environmental standpoint, the wetland plays a vital role in reducing water pollution by filtering out sand and other polluted matters, producing oxygen, absorbing chemicals and nutrients. For these reasons, interest in restoring the wetlands has been steadily increasing. Artificial wetland, which is also referred to as created wetland or constructed wetland, is an alternative to natural wetland. Like natural wetland, artificial wetland is environmentally friendly and can effectively lower pollutant levels. The Korea government is actively reviewing the construction of artificial wetlands in mining and water supply areas to decrease nonpoint pollutant sources. This paper attempts to develop a pollutant removal model for the water quality improvement function of artificial wetlands. Artificial wetland can improve the quality of the water; however, depending on the type of water inflow, vegetation and hydrology, its effect can be different.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.67-90
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to present the ecological data for conservation and management of three wetlands by surveying the vascular plants in Ganam reservoir, Ahnshim wetland and Jeomsae swamp. The whole taxa of vascular plants were 376 taxa including 90 families, 252 genera, 341 species, 7 subspecies, 24 varieties, 2 forms, 1 hybrid and 1 cultivar, and the planted species were 66 taxa including Ginkgo biloba and so on. The rare plants were 7 taxa including Euryale ferox(VU), Aristolochia contorta(LC), Koelreuteria paniculata(VU), Sagittaria trifolia(DD), Hydrocharis dubia(LC), Ottelia alismoides(LC) and Sparganium stoloniferum(VU). The Korean endemic plant was 1 taxon of Lespedeza maritima. In total, there were 21 taxa of floristic target species including 1 taxon of garde V, 2 taxa of grade IV, 6 taxa of grade III, 5 taxa of grade II and 7 taxa of grade I . The hydrophytes were 51 taxa including 36 taxa of emergent species, each 6 taxa of floating-leaved and submerged species and 3 taxa of free-floating species. The invasive alien plants were 79 taxa including 75 taxa of naturalized plants and 4 taxa of casual alien plant. The ecosystem disturbing species 6 taxa including Sicyos angulatus, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Lactuca seriola, Symphyotrichum pilosum, Paspalum distichum and Humulus scandens.

• 화훼연구
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.117-124
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to create an artificial wetland in rooftop greening. We monitored species and changes of flora in wetland and rooftop greening. As shown the consideration and possibility of supplying the artificial wetland in rooftop greening through flora in wetland, this study tried to find methods to create a efficient flora space. This results are listed as belows. The species were applied to artificial wetland in rooftop greening and come up to 'General standard for selecting plants' among hydrophyte in wetlands. The plants of Potentilla kleiniana, Penthorum chinense, Scirpus radicans, Scirpus triqueter, Veronica undulata, Mentha arvensis var. piperascens, Salvia plebeian, Sagittaria aginashi, Aneilema keisak, Stachys riederi, Alisma canaliculatum, Eclipta prostrata, Sparganium stoloniferum turned out an appropriate species. This research was expected to create a various environment and component of species by introducing many types of plants in ecological wetland on rooftop greening.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.224-255
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• 2022

본 연구는 전남권역 우량 산림습원 32개소를 대상으로 1차 조사와 2차 조사에서의 관속식물상 변화를 살펴보고, 이를 바탕으로 우량 산림습원의 향후 모니터링 체계구축과 효과적인 관리를 진행하고자 수행되었다. 조사는 2015년부터 2021년까지 조사지역을 4-5년 주기로 계절별로 2회 이상 조사를 실시하였다. 전남권역 우량 산림습원 32개소의 식물상 변화는 103과 311속 496종 16아종 38변종 6품종 556분류군에서 111과 362속 599종 16아종 51변종 8품종 674분류군으로 증가하였다. 한반도 특산식물은 12분류군에서 16분류군, 한반도 관속식물 적색목록은 18분류군에서 24분류군, 식물구계학적 특정식물은 95분류군에서 123분류군, 한반도 석호식물은 286분류군에서 328분류군, 침입외래식물은 17분류군에서 26분류군으로 전체 식물상이 증가함에 따라 특기할만한 식물도 동시에 증가하였다. 하지만 느리미고사리, 나도고사리삼, 개쓴풀, 개박하 등은 지역적으로 절멸하여 현지 내외 복원 전략이 수립되어야 한다. 습지선호도에 따른 유형이 구분된 식물은 절대습지식물은 69분류군에서 78분류군, 임의습지식물은 63분류군에서 69분류군, 양생식물은 64분류군에서 82분류군, 임의육상식물은 85분류군에서 96분류군, 절대육상식물은 275분류군에서 348분류군으로 확인되었다. 습지식물류의 분포 비율은 약간 감소하고 육상식물의 분포 비율은 다소 증가하여 산림습원 육화에 대한 대책을 마련하고 경계를 구분할 수 있는 조사기법 등을 개발되어야한다. 그리고 산림습원을 효과적으로 보전할 수 있는 산림유전자원보호구역으로 확대 지정하여 체계적으로 관리·감독해야 한다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.50-61
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• 2008

Environmental factors and phragmites growth properties at various habitats in Eulsukdo ecological park were investigated to understand major factors affecting phragmites distribution in constructed wetlands. Although phragmites is very important species in wetland ecosystem, it should be controlled to prevent excessive expansion within the restricted park area. The results showed that phragmites dominant sites have the highest LAI among other emerged plants habitats and could adversely affect for waders habitats. Phragmites were also found at the areas with wide ranges of water-depth than other plants, and showed phragmites could be favored for occupying the newly constructed wetlands like Eulsukdo ecological park. The results showed difference in soil redox potential between phragmites dominant and non-dominant sites. Because soil redox potential is affected by wetland hydrology like flooding duration, control of wetland hydrology should be considered for creation and management of constructed wetlands. The results also showed that differences in soil cation exchange capacity, soil salinity, soil organic matter content and site inclination between phragmites dominant and non-dominant sites as well as brackish and freshwater areas. Those abiotic factors can be important considerations for the sustainable wetland management especially for the phragmitest managements in the ecological park.