• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 9th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.443-449
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• 2022

With climate change and the global population growth, the frequency and scope of wildfires are constantly increasing, which threatened people's lives and property. For example, according to California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection, in 2020, a total of 9,917 incidents related to wildfires were reported in California, with an estimated burned area of 4,257,863 acres, resulting in 33 fatalities and 10,488 structures damaged or destroyed. At the same time, the ongoing development of technology provides new tools to simulate and analyze the spread of wildfires. How to use new technology to reduce the losses caused by wildfire is an important research topic. A potentially feasible strategy is to simulate and analyze the spread of wildfires through computing technology to explore the impact of different factors (such as weather, terrain, etc.) on the spread of wildfires, figure out how to take preemptive/responsive measures to minimize potential losses caused by wildfires, and as a result achieve better management support of wildfires. In preparation for pursuing these goals, the authors used a powerful computing framework, Spark, developed by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), to study the effects of different weather factors (wind speed, wind direction, air temperature, and relative humidity) on the spread of wildfires. The test results showed that wind is a key factor in determining the spread of wildfires. A stable weather condition (stable wind and air conditions) is beneficial to limit the spread of wildfires. Joint consideration of weather factors and environmental obstacles can help limit the threat of wildfires.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.605-610
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• 2014

Clouds play an important role in climate change, in the prediction of local weather, and also in aviation safety when instrument assisted flying is unavailable. Presently, various ground-based instruments used for the measurements of the cloud base height or velocity. Lidar techniques are powerful and have many applications in climate studies, including the clouds' temperature measurement, the aerosol particle properties, etc. Otherwise, it is very circumscribed in cloud velocity measurements because there is no Doppler effect if the clouds move in the perpendicular direction to the laser beam path of Doppler lidar. In this paper, we present a method for the measurement of cloud velocity using lidar's range detection and DIC (Digital Image Correlation) system to overcome the disadvantage of Doppler lidar. The lidar system acquires the distance to the cloud, and the cloud images are tracked using the developed fast correlation algorithm of DIC. We acquired the velocities of clouds using the calculated distance and DIC algorithm. The measurement values had a linear distribution.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.397-405
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• 2011

Objectives: The impact of climate change on the health has been of increasing concern due to a recent temperature increase and weather abnormality, and the research results of the impact varied depending on regions. We synthesized risk estimates of the overall health effects of low and high temperature taking account of the heterogeneity. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PUBMED to identify journal articles of low and/or high temperature effects on mortality. The search was limited to the English language and epidemiological studies using time-series analysis and/or case-crossover design. Random-effect models in meta analysis were used to estimate the percent increase in mortality with $1^{\circ}C$ temperature decrease or increase with 95% confidence intervals (CI) in cold or hot days. Results: Twenty three studies were presented in two tables: 1) low temperature effects; 2) high temperature effects on mortality. The combined effects of low and high temperatures on total mortality were 2% (95% CI, 1-4%) per $1^{\circ}C$ decrease and 4% (95% CI, 2-5%) per $1^{\circ}C$ increase of temperature, respectively. Conclusions: This meta analysis found that both low and high temperatures affected mortality, and the magnitude of high temperature appeared to be stronger than that of low temperature.

• 한국항해학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.29-46
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• 1979

The climate of a given region is determined by the combination of the various climatic elements. But among them, the temperature is the most important element to classify the climatic type. The author attempted to classify the climatic types in Korea by making a analysis of the characteristics of temperature distribution. To accomplish the study, the author analyzed the daily and yearly range of temperature, the warmest and coldest months, continentality and oceanicity, thermal anomaly, and relative temperature, etc. The data of 153 weather stations are used for the analysis of the above five criteria. As a result of the study, the climate of Korea can be divided into three types, namely, the continental, coastal and intermediate(or transitional) type. The Pronounced continental type is appeared in the northern part of highland area. And the coastal type is limited to the east and south coast areas, and the southern part of the west coast area. The continentality is larger, and the oceanicity smaller, than those of Siberia, Mongolia and the inland area of China where the continental climate is most remarkable in the world. The reason why the west coast area is more continental than the east coast area may be due to the terrain effect and the warm current going north along the east coastline.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.35-45
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• 2011

기후변화 홍보 및 교육 콘텐츠로 활용되도록 수치모델을 시각화 설계하여 KML로 전자 출판하는 인터페이스 구현에 대하여 연구하였으며 그 결과 Arrow KML, BWS KML, DI KML을 콘텐츠화 하였다. Arrow KML은 선행연구로부터 도출된 시각화 설계를 개선하여 바람장미와 같은 정보를 제공하였고 개개의 바람기호에 대한 속성정보를 조회하고 활용할 수 있도록 하였다. 더불어 사람들이 느낄 쾌적성의 변화를 불쾌지수(DI) KML로 콘텐츠화 하였다. 출판된 콘텐츠가 여러 공간정보와 통합되어 시각화되고 실무에서 활용할 수 있도록 Google Earth를 기반으로 출판될 KML 자료 용량 계산식을 제시하였으며 Arrow KML 콘텐츠들의 Scale Factor 조정을 통한 표출효과 비교 및 백터형 KML과 아이콘 KML의 표출 효과 비교를 통해 출판 목적에 따른 활용방법을 제시하였다. 관련 연구 및 콘텐츠들은 과학적인 예측자료를 시각화하여 제공하였기 때문에 국민들과 소통하고 협업하는 콘텐츠로 다양하게 활용될 것이다. 더불어 보다 친숙한 기후변화 지수 및 실무에서 활용도와 가치가 높은 KML 콘텐츠가 보급 될 수 있도록 연구범위를 확장할 것이다.

• 대기
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.519-530
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• 2010

In this paper we review current research on Atmospheric Brown Clouds (ABCs) with lightweight Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and miniaturized instruments. The UAV technology for in-situ measurements, including aerosol concentration, aerosol size distribution, aerosol absorption, cloud drop size distribution, solar radiation fluxes (visible and broadband), and spectral radiative fluxes, is a leading-edge technology for cost-effective atmospheric sounding, which can fill the gap between the ground measurement and satellite observation. The first experimental observation with UAVs in Korea, Cheju ABC Plume Monsoon Experiment (CAPMEX), conducted during summer 2008 revealed that the Beijing plumes exerted a strong positive influence on the net warming and fossil-fuel-dominated black-carbon plumes were approximately 100% more efficient warming agents than biomass-burning-dominated plumes. Long-term sustainable routine UAV measurements will eventually provide truly three-dimensional data of ABCs, which is necessary for the better understanding of their climate impacts and for the improvement of numerical models for air pollution, weather forecast and climate change.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.307-314
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• 2023

슈퍼컴퓨팅 기술 및 하드웨어 기술이 발전함에 따라 기후 예측 모델도 고도화되고 있다. 한국 기상청 역시 영국 기상청으로부터 GloSea5을 도입하였고 한국 기상 환경에 맞추어 업데이트된 GloSea6를 운용 중이다. 각 대학 및 연구기관에서는 슈퍼컴퓨터보다는 사양이 낮은 중소규모 서버에서 활용하기 위해 저해상도 결합모델인 Low-GloSea6를 구축하여 사용하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 중소규모 서버에서의 기상 연구의 효율성을 위한 Low-GloSea6 소프트웨어를 분석하여 가장 많은 CPU Time을 점유하는 대기 모델의 tri_sor.F90 모듈의 tri_sor_dp_dp 서브루틴을 Hotspot으로 검출하였다. 해당 함수에 머신러닝의 한 종류인 선형 회귀 모델을 적용하여 해당 기법의 가능성을 확인한다. 이상치 데이터를 제거 후 선형 회귀 모델을 학습한 결과 RMSE는 2.7665e-08, MAE는 1.4958e-08으로 Lasso 회귀, ElasticNet 회귀보다 더욱 좋은 성능을 보였다. 이는 Low-GloSea6 수행 과정 중 Hotspot으로 검출된 tri_sor.F90 모듈에 머신러닝 기법 적용 가능성을 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.531-537
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• 2011

본 연구는 지상부 사용조건에서 야외에 노출된 목재의 부후위험을 평가하기 위하여 수행되었다. 국내 72개 장소에서 10년 동안 축적된 기후자료를 활용하여 Scheffer 지수가 계산되었으며, 이에 근거하여 목재부후위험지도가 작성되었다. 제주, 서귀포, 광주, 전주 지역의 Scheffer 지수가 65 이상으로 부후위험이 높은 지역에 속하는 것으로 나타났으며, 이 지역을 제외한 나머지 지역은 Scheffer 지수가 35에서 65 사이의 값을 보여 부후위험이 중간 정도인 것으로 판명되었다. 그러나 기후조건에 따른 Scheffer 지수의 편차가 크기 때문에 부후위험이 중간정도로 판단된 지역이 기후변화에 따라 부후위험이 높은 지역으로 변할 수 있는 가능성이 높은 것으로 보인다. 특히 최근의 국내 기후가 아열대성으로 변화하는 경향을 고려할 때 국내 부후위험은 점차적으로 증가할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2017

This study examined the relationship between the initiation timing typhoon season in the Northwestern Pacific and the tropical sea surface temperature (SST) using a numerical simulation. The initiation timing of the typhoon season is closely associated with SSTs over the Indian Ocean (IO) and the eastern Pacific (EP) in the preceding winter and early-spring. The experiment based on the Weather and Research Forecast (WRF) model showed that the start date of the typhoon season is delayed for about one month when the SSTs over the IO and the EP increase in the preceding winter. The forced tropical SST pattern induces anticyclonic anomalies in the Northwestern Pacific, which is an unfavorable condition for typhoon development, and hence it could delay the initiation of the typhoon season.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.130-141
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• 2022

Due to continuous climate change, greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are gradually accumulating, and various extreme weather events occurring all over the world are a serious threat to human sustainability. Countries around the world are making efforts to convert energy sources from traditional fossil fuels to renewable energy. Hydrogen energy is a clean energy source that exists infinitely on Earth, and can be used in most areas that require energy, such as power generation, transportation, commerce, and household sectors. A fuel cell, a device that produces electric and thermal energy by using hydrogen energy, is a key field to respond to climate change, and major countries around the world are spurring the development of core fuel cell technology. In this paper, research trends in China, the United States, Germany, Japan, and Korea, which have the highest number of papers related to fuel cells, are analyzed through keyword network analysis.